Physical, thermal, dielectric and mechanical behavior of PVDF composites filled with NKBT and Ca7Si2P2O16 particles toward electroactive biomaterials

Ramos-Martínez JY, Guaresti O, Zaldua AM, Hernández R, Hernández-Navarro C, Benitez-Castro AM, Prokhorov E, Muñoz-Saldaña J (2026)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2026

Journal

Materials Today Communications Elsevier

Book Volume: 56

Article Number: 115979

DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115979

Abstract

Polymer-ceramic composites that combine electroactive behavior, bioactive ceramic phases, and melt processability are of interest for the development of advanced biomaterials. In this work, a dual ceramic system composed of lead-free 0.6(Na1/2Bi1/2) TiO3 - 0.4(K1/2Bi1/2) TiO3 (NKBT) piezoceramics and the calcium silicophosphate Nurse phase, Ca7Si2P2O16, was incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix. Unlike conventional PVDF composites containing a single ceramic filler, this study independently evaluates the effects of total ceramic loading and the relative NKBT:Nurse ratio on processing, structure, and functional properties. Composites containing 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 wt% total ceramic were prepared with NKBT:Nurse weight ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 by twin-screw extrusion followed by injection molding. The influence of composition on melt rheology, filler distribution, PVDF crystalline organization, thermal behavior, dielectric response, and tensile properties was examined. FTIR analysis showed a marked increase in electroactive β-phase PVDF after ceramic incorporation, resulting from the combined effects of molecular orientation during melt processing and polymer-ceramic interfacial interactions. The elastic modulus increased from 2.25 GPa for extruded PVDF to 2.78 GPa for the PVDF/NKBT:Nurse (75:25)7.5% composite. Dielectric permittivity also increased relative to extruded PVDF and reached its highest value for the 50:50 formulation, indicating that the dielectric response depends not only on NKBT content, but also on the balance between ceramic polarizability, dispersion and interfacial polarization. These results establish the composition-structure-property relationships of PVDF/NKBT:Nurse composites and provide the physicochemical basis for their subsequent evaluation as electroactive biomaterials.

Involved external institutions

National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico / Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México MX Mexico (MX) Leartiker ES Spain (ES)

How to cite

APA:

Ramos-Martínez, J.Y., Guaresti, O., Zaldua, A.M., Hernández, R., Hernández-Navarro, C., Benitez-Castro, A.M.,... Muñoz-Saldaña, J. (2026). Physical, thermal, dielectric and mechanical behavior of PVDF composites filled with NKBT and Ca7Si2P2O16 particles toward electroactive biomaterials. Materials Today Communications, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2026.115979

MLA:

Ramos-Martínez, J. Y., et al. "Physical, thermal, dielectric and mechanical behavior of PVDF composites filled with NKBT and Ca7Si2P2O16 particles toward electroactive biomaterials." Materials Today Communications 56 (2026).

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