Refinement of Antenna Response and Ice Properties at Radio Wavelengths

Anker A, Baldi P, Barwick SW, Beise J, Besson DZ, Chen P, Gaswint G, Glaser C, Hallgren A, Hanson JC, Klein SR, Kleinfelder SA, Lahmann R, Liu J, Liu T, Nam J, Nelles A, Nielsen AJ, Paul MP, Persichilli C, Plaisier I, Rice-Smith R, Tang CH, Tatar J, Terveer K, Thangamani A, Wang SH, Welling C, Zhao L (2025)

Publication Type: Conference contribution

Publication year: 2025

Journal

Publisher: Sissa Medialab Srl

Book Volume: 501

Conference Proceedings Title: Proceedings of Science

Event location: Geneva, CHE

DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0984

Abstract

The now decommissioned ARIANNA experiment, which operated in Antarctica between 2014 and 2021, demonstrated that low cost, near surface, directional radio antennas can reject thermal and anthropogenic backgrounds as sufficient levels required by future arrays of similarly constructed near surface stations of 500 stations or more, while the neutrino efficiency remains above 90%. Each ARIANNA station is self contained and operated reliably at a power consumption of only 10 watts, which is low enough to permit year-round eco-friendly operation in polar climates with solar panels, and because up to half the year is without sun, with wind turbines. The neutrino sensitivity was indirectly assessed by observing cosmic rays, which produce similar radio pulse emission by their collisions in atmosphere, using identical in-situ antennas facing the upward direction. The collaboration also published a study of energy resolution, which utilizes field data and simulation of the double pulse technique known as DNR, to determine the distance to the neutrino interaction. One commonly discussed method to obtain the direction of the neutrino requires the measurement of the incoming direction of the emitted radio pulse and its polarization. The ARIANNA collaboration has reported good agreement between measured and calculated polarization from a radio burst from a pulser lowered in a previously cored hole near the South Pole, Antarctica, between depths of 1000 m and 1700 m. In this paper, we use archival ARIANNA data to assess ice properties at radio wavelengths and the response of radio antennas buried within a few meters of the surface snow-air interface by (1) measuring the rate of cosmic rays with radio signals that reflect from the bottom water-ice interface on the Ross Ice Shelf, and (2) measuring the rate of cosmic rays from an ARIANNA station located at the South Pole at an elevation of 2900 meters.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

University of California Irvine United States (USA) (US) Uppsala University Sweden (SE) Whittier College United States (USA) (US) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) United States (USA) (US) University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) United States (USA) (US) National Taiwan University (NTU) Taiwan (TW) University of Kansas (KU) United States (USA) (US)

How to cite

APA:

Anker, A., Baldi, P., Barwick, S.W., Beise, J., Besson, D.Z., Chen, P.,... Zhao, L. (2025). Refinement of Antenna Response and Ice Properties at Radio Wavelengths. In Proceedings of Science. Geneva, CHE: Sissa Medialab Srl.

MLA:

Anker, A., et al. "Refinement of Antenna Response and Ice Properties at Radio Wavelengths." Proceedings of the 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2025, Geneva, CHE Sissa Medialab Srl, 2025.

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