The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
Di Valentino E, Said JL, Riess A, Pollo A, Poulin V, Gómez-Valent A, Weltman A, Palmese A, Huang CD, Bruck Cvd, Saraf CS, Kuo CY, Uhlemann C, Grandón D, Paz D, Eckert D, Teixeira EM, Saridakis EN, Colgáin E, Beutler F, Niedermann F, Bajardi F, Barenboim G, Gubitosi G, Musella I, Banik I, Szapudi I, Singal J, Cases JH, Chluba J, Torrado J, Mifsud J, Jedamzik K, Said K, Dialektopoulos K, Herold L, Perivolaropoulos L, Zu L, Galbany L, Breuval L, Visinelli L, Escamilla LA, Anchordoqui LA, Sheikh-Jabbari MM, Lembo M, Dainotti MG, Vincenzi M, Asgari M, Gerbino M, Forconi M, Cantiello M, Moresco M, Benetti M, Schöneberg N, Akarsu Ö, Nunes RC, Bernardo RC, Chávez R, Anderson RI, Watkins R, Capozziello S, Li S, Vagnozzi S, Pan S, Treu T, Irsic V, Handley W, Giarè W, Murakami Y, Banihashemi A, Poudou A, Heavens A, Kogut A, Domi A, Lenart AŁ, Melchiorri A, Vadalà A, Amon A, Rivera AB, Reeves A, Zhuk A, Bonanno A, Övgün A, Pisani A, Talebian A, Abebe A, Aboubrahim A, Morán ALG, Kovács A, Lymperis A, Papatriantafyllou A, Liddle AR, Paliathanasis A, Borowiec A, Yadav AK, Yadav A, Sen AA, William AJ, Davis AC, Shajib AJ, Walters A, Lonappan AI, Chudaykin A, Capodagli A, Silva Ad, Felice AD, Racioppi A, Oficial AS, Montiel A, Favale A, Bernui A, Velasco AC, Heinesen A, Bakopoulos A, Chatzistavrakidis A, Khanpour B, Sathyaprakash BS, Zgirski B, L'Huillier B, Famaey B, Jain B, Zhang B, Karmakar B, Dragovich B, Thomas B, Correa C, Boiza CG, Marques C, Escamilla-Rivera C, Tzerefos C, Zhang C, Leo CD, Pfeifer C, Lee C, Venter C, Gomes C, bom CRD, Moreno-Pulido C, Iosifidis D, Grin D, Blixt D, Scolnic D, Oriti D, Dobrycheva D, Bettoni D, Benisty D, Fernández-Arenas D, Wiltshire DL, Cid DS, Tamayo D, Valls-Gabaud D, Pedrotti D, Wang D, Staicova D, Totolou D, Rubiera-Garcia D, Milaković D, Pesce DW, Sluse D, Borka D, Yusofi E, Giusarma E, Terlevich E, Tomasetti E, Vagenas EC, Fazzari E, Ferreira EG, Barakovic E, Dimastrogiovanni E, Holm EB, Mottola E, Özülker E, Specogna E, Brocato E, Jensko E, Enriquez EA, Bhatia E, Bresolin F, Avila F, Bouchè F, Bombacigno F, Anagnostopoulos FK, Pace F, Sorrenti F, Lobo FS, Courbin F, Hansen FK, Sloan G, Farrugia G, Lynch G, Garcia-Arroyo G, Raimondo G, Lambiase G, Anand GS, Poulot G, Leon G, Kouniatalis G, Nardini G, Csörnyei G, Galloni G, Bargiacchi G, Papagiannopoulos G, Montani G, Otalora G, Somma GD, Fiorentino G, Fanizza G, Luciano GG, Sarracino G, Olmo GJ, Djordjević GS, Cañas-Herrera G, Cheng H, Desmond H, Abdalla H, Chen H, Chiang HW, Feldman HA, Gohar H, Ben-Dayan I, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Antoniadis I, Cimdiker I, Albuquerque IS, Gialamas ID, Saltas I, Vavilova I, Gómez-Vargas I, Ayuso I, Zeynalabdi IN, Martino ID, Zavala I, Vázquez JA, Asorey J, Gluza J, Rubio J, Sorce JG, Wagner J, Sakstein J, Santiago J, Braatz J, Peracaula JS, Blakeslee J, Webb J, Cembranos JA, Mimoso JP, Jensen J, García-Bellido J, Prat J, Sammut K, Lehnert K, Dienes KR, Deka K, Kuijken K, Naidoo K, Gergely LÁ, Järv L, Mersini-Houghton L, Graef LL, Vacher L, Pogosian L, Anguelova L, Hamolli L, Yin L, Caloni L, Izzo L, Macri L, Padilla LE, García LÁ, Bilicki M, Najafi M, Plionis M, Gonzalez-Espinoza M, Hohmann M, Westhuizen MAd, Marconi M, Postolak M, Cesare Md, Regis M, Biesiada M, Einasto M, Saal M, Caruana M, Petronikolou M, Bouhmadi-López M, Melo M, Angelis MD, Célérier MN, Cortês M, Reid M, Rau MM, Sloth MS, Raidal M, Takada M, Reyhani M, Romanello M, Marengo M, Garny M, Leizerovich M, Martinelli M, Tagliazucchi M, Demirci M, Pinto MA, Sabogal MA, García-Aspeitia MA, Milošević M, Ghodsi M, Ishak M, Nunes NJ, Samaras N, Hamaus N, Schuster N, Borghi N, Deiosso N, Tamanini N, Fornengo N, Katırcı N, Mavromatos NE, Petropoulos N, Šarčević N, Nilsson NA, Khosravi N, Frusciante N, Postavaru O, Trivedi O, Sokoliuk O, Mena O, Morilla P, Campeti P, Salucci P, Boubel P, Bielewicz P, Heinämäki P, Suman P, Asimakis P, Ntelis P, Nath P, Jovanović P, Mukherjee P, Wojtak R, Gsponer R, Dejrah RH, Shah R, Hajjar R, Briffa R, Habas R, Pantig RC, Mendoza R, Monica RD, Stiskalek R, Roshan R, Neves RB, Molinaro R, Terlevich R, D'Agostino R, Sandoval-Orozco R, Batista RC, Ruchika , Lazkoz R, Rastgoo S, Mohammadi S, Sirletti SS, Haridasu S, Mandal S, Das S, Bahamonde S, Grandis S, Trojanowski S, Odintsov SD, Mazurenko S, Joudaki S, Suyu SH, Choudhury SR, Bhatporia S, Li SS, Bird S, Birrer S, Paradiso S, Costa SSd, Contarini S, Henrot-Versillé S, Basilakos S, Casertano S, Gariazzo S, Tsilioukas SA, Kalita S, Kumar S, Landau SJ, Castello S, Panda S, Petrushevska T, Karakasis T, Brinckmann T, Gonçalves TB, Schiavone T, Abel T, Koivisto T, Bringmann T, Demirbozan U, Kumar U, Marra V, Putten MH, Kalaitzidis V, Mitsou VA, Zarikas V, Pasic V, Keus V, Motta V, Jovanović VB, Cárdenas VH, Ripepi V, Salzano V, Impellizzeri V, Fonseca Vd, Ghirardini V, Vansevičius V, Yang W, Hellwing W, Ren X, Hu YM, Zhai Y, Sultan AM, Nosirov A, Pataki A, Santoni A, Batool A, Chakraborty A, Wojnar A, Tursunov A, De A, Hazarika A, Li B, Bose B, Mishra B, Ahmedov B, Scóccola C, Tortora C, Kenworthy DA, Holz DE, Mota DF, Pereira DS, Williams DM, Brout D, Lee DH, Guendelman E, Olex E, Silva E, Kahya EO, Mueller EM, Andrade-Oliveira F, Hunde FM, Joaquim FR, Pacaud F, Cyr-Racine FY, Nuñez FP, Rácz G, Belinario GC, Lewis GF, Dálya G, Laverda G, Risaliti G, Franco-Abellán G, Zammit H, Camilleri H, Courtois HM, Moradpour H, Pedreira IdOC, Lopes I, Csabai I, Rohlf JW, Bogdanoska J, Pérez JdC, Bachs-Esteban J, Sultana J, Lesgourgues J, Jiang JQ, Castillo KP, Jusufi K, Heisenberg L, Pati L, Koopmans LV, Duchaniya Lk, Lombriser L, Garrote MP, Domínguez M, Samsonyan M, Pace M, Krššák M, Pookkillath MC, Peronaci M, Piani M, Raftogianni M, Vyas MJ, Michalopoulou M, Gogberashvili M, Klasen M, Cicoli M, Quartin M, Zumalacárregui M, Dimitrijević MS, Dordevic M, Karčiauskas M, Le Delliou M, Grimm N, Kozameh NA, Voicu N, Pop N, Chatzifotis N, Yunusov O, Piattella OF, Ferreira PdS, Raffai P, Schupp P, Ruiz-Lapuente P, Sahoo PK, Maluf RV, Durrer R, Kadam SA, Matarrese S, Brieden S, González-Gaitán S, Lohakare SV, Watson S, Wang SJ, Nunes SM, Chakrabarti S, Das S, Mukherjee S, Jurić T, Baker T, Nakas T, Barreiro T, Mukhopadhyay U, Vujčić V, Sagun V, Srećković VA, Zhang W, Toda Y, Piao YS, Davari Z (2025)
Publication Type: Journal article, Review article
Publication year: 2025
Journal
Book Volume: 49
Article Number: 101965
DOI: 10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965
Abstract
The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational sector with the emergence of differences between certain cosmological probes. In this White Paper, we identify the key objectives that need to be addressed over the coming decade together with the core science projects that aim to meet these challenges. These discordances primarily rest on the divergence in the measurement of core cosmological parameters with varying levels of statistical confidence. These possible statistical tensions may be partially accounted for by systematics in various measurements or cosmological probes but there is also a growing indication of potential new physics beyond the standard model. After reviewing the principal probes used in the measurement of cosmological parameters, as well as potential systematics, we discuss the most promising array of potential new physics that may be observable in upcoming surveys. We also discuss the growing set of novel data analysis approaches that go beyond traditional methods to test physical models. These new methods will become increasingly important in the coming years as the volume of survey data continues to increase, and as the degeneracy between predictions of different physical models grows. There are several perspectives on the divergences between the values of cosmological parameters, such as the model-independent probes in the late Universe and model-dependent measurements in the early Universe, which we cover at length. The White Paper closes with a number of recommendations for the community to focus on for the upcoming decade of observational cosmology, statistical data analysis, and fundamental physics developments. [Figure presented]
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Canada (CA)
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
United States (USA) (US)
University of Tirana / Universiteti i Tiranës
Albania (AL)
Australian National University (ANU)
Australia (AU)
Turku University Hospital / Turun yliopistollinen keskussairaala (TYKS)
Finland (FI)
Mapúa University
Philippines (PH)
Queen Mary University of London
United Kingdom (GB)
Boston University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Southampton
United Kingdom (GB)
Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales (ECCI)
Colombia (CO)
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) / אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב
Israel (IL)
Fukushima University / 福島大学
Japan (JP)
Universidad de Playa Ancha (UPLA)
Chile (CL)
Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck / University of Innsbruck
Austria (AT)
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica
Taiwan (TW)
University of California, Riverside (UCR)
United States (USA) (US)
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies GmbH (HITS)
Germany (DE)
Helsingin yliopisto / University of Helsinki
Finland (FI)
Laboratoire des 2 Infinis Toulouse (L2IT)
France (FR)
University of Sydney (USYD)
Australia (AU)
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Netherlands (NL)
Université Paris-Saclay
France (FR)
Institute for Basic Science
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Sharif University of Technology / دانشگاه صنعتی شریف (SUT)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Italy (IT)
Università degli Studi di Firenze / University of Florence
Italy (IT)
Politechnic University of Bucharest / Universitatea Politehnica din București
Romania (RO)
Ahmedabad University / અમદાવાદ યુનિવર્સિટી
India (IN)
University of Amsterdam
Netherlands (NL)
Plaksha University
India (IN)
Institute of Physics of Buenos Aires / Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA)
Argentina (AR)
Gemini Observatory Southern Operations Center (International Gemini Observatory)
Chile (CL)
Northeastern University
United States (USA) (US)
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCB)
France (FR)
University of Nova Gorica / Univerza v Novi Gorici
Slovenia (SI)
Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragh (RIAAM)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Greece (GR)
Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA)
Italy (IT)
University of Tarapacá / Universidad de Tarapacá
Chile (CL)
Indian Statistical Institute
India (IN)
University of Lleida / Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Spain (ES)
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
India (IN)
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Georgia (GE)
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster
Germany (DE)
Tezpur University
India (IN)
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC, ESA)
Netherlands (NL)
Polytechnic University of Timişoara / Universitatea Politehnica Timișoara (UPT)
Romania (RO)
Zhejiang University / Chekiang University / 浙江大学
China (CN)
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME) / Uzbe ikromjon alijonov Mexanizatsiyalash Muhandislari Instituti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
Southern University of Science and Technology
China (CN)
University of Insubria / Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Italy (IT)
University of Kansas (KU)
United States (USA) (US)
Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB)
Germany (DE)
Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP) / 中国科学院理论物理研究所
China (CN)
The Oskar Klein Centre
Sweden (SE)
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
United States (USA) (US)
VIT University (Vellore Institute of Technology)
India (IN)
Institute of Fundamental Physics / Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
United States (USA) (US)
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)
India (IN)
University of Luxembourg
Luxembourg (LU)
University of Belgrade / Универзитет у Београду
Serbia (RS)
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
China (CN)
Hokkaido University (Hokudai) / 北海道大学
Japan (JP)
Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS) / 한국 고등과학원
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
Germany (DE)
Comenius University Bratislava
Slovakia (SK)
Spain (ES)
Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental
Argentina (AR)
Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI) / Երևանի Ֆիզիկայի Ինստիտուտ
Armenia (AM)
University of Malta
Malta (MT)
Mahidol University / มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
Thailand (TH)
Vanderbilt University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Bologna / Università di Bologna
Italy (IT)
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) / Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Brazil (BR)
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics / Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut)
Germany (DE)
Astronomical Observatory Belgrade
Serbia (RS)
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences (VINS) / Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča
Serbia (RS)
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology / Fizinių ir technologijos mokslų centras (FTMC)
Lithuania (LT)
Lanzhou University
China (CN)
University of Geneva / Université de Genève (UNIGE)
Switzerland (CH)
Transilvania University of Brasov / Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Romania (RO)
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UCF)
Brazil (BR)
SR University
India (IN)
University of Padua / Universita degli Studi di Padova
Italy (IT)
University of Edinburgh
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Lisbon / Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa)
Portugal (PT)
Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS)
India (IN)
Syracuse University
United States (USA) (US)
Instituto Superior Técnico
Portugal (PT)
Eötvös Loránd University / Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem (ELTE)
Hungary (HU)
Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje / Универзитет „Св. Кирил и Методиј“ во Скопје
Republic of North Macedonia (MK)
University of Cordoba / Universidad de Córdoba (UCO)
Spain (ES)
Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen
Germany (DE)
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
China (CN)
City University of New York (CUNY)
United States (USA) (US)
State University of Tetova / Universiteti Shtetëror i Tetovës / Државен универзитет во Тетово
Republic of North Macedonia (MK)
Università degli Studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata'
Italy (IT)
State University of New York at Albany (UNY Albany / UAlbany)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Southern Denmark / Syddansk Universitet
Denmark (DK)
Istanbul Technical University / İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi (İTÜ)
Turkey (TR)
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics / Keemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika Instituut (KBFI)
Estonia (EE)
University of Tokyo
Japan (JP)
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) / Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
Germany (DE)
University of Oslo
Norway (NO)
University of Sussex
United Kingdom (GB)
Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) / The Institute for High Energy Physics
Spain (ES)
Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology (KNTU) / دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصيرالدين طوسی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
University of Zurich / Universität Zürich (UZH)
Switzerland (CH)
Florida State University (FSU)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Ottawa
Canada (CA)
National Institute for Astrophysics / Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF)
Italy (IT)
Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Poland (PL)
Sejong Institute / 세종연구소
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Technische Universität München (TUM)
Germany (DE)
Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) / University of Buenos Aires
Argentina (AR)
University of St Andrews
United Kingdom (GB)
University of València / Universitat de València
Spain (ES)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Brazil (BR)
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Germany (DE)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze / Charles University in Prague
Czech Republic (CZ)
University of Thessaly / Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας
Greece (GR)
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS)
Ireland (IE)
University of New Mexico (UNM) / Universidad de Nuevo México
United States (USA) (US)
University of Valparaíso (UV) / Universidad de Valparaiso
Chile (CL)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU)
Germany (DE)
Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules (IN2P3)
France (FR)
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Finland (FI)
Atlantic Technological University (ATU) / Ollscoil Teicneolaíochta an Atlantaigh
Ireland (IE)
Pomeranian Medical University / Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie (PMU)
Poland (PL)
University of Basque Country / Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV) / Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea (EHU)
Spain (ES)
Universidad de Zaragoza
Spain (ES)
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Spain (ES)
National Taiwan University (NTU)
Taiwan (TW)
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) / University of Barcelona
Spain (ES)
University of Sheffield
United Kingdom (GB)
Maynooth University
Ireland (IE)
Université de Strasbourg (UDS)
France (FR)
National Autonomous University of Mexico / Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
Mexico (MX)
Università degli studi "La Sapienza"
Italy (IT)
National Observatory of Athens (NOA)
Greece (GR)
Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science)
Spain (ES)
University of Portsmouth
United Kingdom (GB)
Ariel University
Israel (IL)
Universidade do Porto
Portugal (PT)
Chulalongkorn University / จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Thailand (TH)
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR) / Akademie věd České republiky (AVČR)
Czech Republic (CZ)
National Center for Scientific Research / Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
France (FR)
Main Astronomical Observatory (MAO) / Головна астрономічна обсерваторія
Ukraine (UA)
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after Nasraddin Tusi (SHAO) / Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası Nəsirəddin Tusi adına Şamaxı Astrofizika Rəsədxanası
Azerbaijan (AZ)
Smithsonian Institution
United States (USA) (US)
Newcastle University
United Kingdom (GB)
Swansea University
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Silesia in Katowice / Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
Poland (PL)
Johns Hopkins University (JHU)
United States (USA) (US)
Université de Lille (ULille, UDL)
France (FR)
Karadeniz Technical University / Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi (KTU)
Turkey (TR)
Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México
Mexico (MX)
University of Nish
Serbia (RS)
MTA Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences / Csillagászati és Földtudományi Kutatóközpont (MTA CSFK)
Hungary (HU)
National Centre for Nuclear Research (früher:Institute of Atomic Energy POLATOM & Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies) / Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (NCBJ)
Poland (PL)
University of Texas at Dallas (UTD / UT Dallas)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Montpellier / Université Montpellier
France (FR)
Doğuş Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
University of Cape Town (UCT)
South Africa (ZA)
Carnegie Mellon University
United States (USA) (US)
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI)
Korea, Republic of (KR)
National Sun Yat-sen University
Taiwan (TW)
Universität Bielefeld
Germany (DE)
Leiden University
Netherlands (NL)
Royal Institute of Technology / Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
Sweden (SE)
Scuola Superiore Meridionale
Italy (IT)
University of Hawaii (U.H.)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Richmond (UR) / Universidad de Richmond
United States (USA) (US)
National Institute for Nuclear Physics / Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
Italy (IT)
Polytechnic University of Catalonia / Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech (UPC) / Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña
Spain (ES)
University of Manchester
United Kingdom (GB)
Institute for the Structure of Matter / Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM)
Spain (ES)
Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte / Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
Italy (IT)
Imperial College London / The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine
United Kingdom (GB)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
United States (USA) (US)
Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński (UJ)
Poland (PL)
University of Liège (ULg) / Université de Liège
Belgium (BE)
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) / پژوهشگاه دانشهای بنیادی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Michigan Technological University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Cambridge
United Kingdom (GB)
Kuwait University
Kuwait (KW)
University of Tuzla
Bosnia And Herzegovina (BA)
Universidad Católica del Norte
Chile (CL)
University of Wroclaw / Uniwersytet Wrocławski
Poland (PL)
University of Pennsylvania (UPenn)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Nevada Las Vegas
United States (USA) (US)
Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MISANU) / Математички институт САНУ
Serbia (RS)
Lafayette College
United States (USA) (US)
Purple Mountain Observatory / 紫金山天文台
China (CN)
Universität Bremen
Germany (DE)
Noordwes-Universiteit / North-West University
South Africa (ZA)
Brazilian Center for Physics Research / Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF)
Brazil (BR)
Universitat de Girona
Spain (ES)
University of Tartu
Estonia (EE)
Haverford College
United States (USA) (US)
University of Queensland
Australia (AU)
Duke University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Ioannina / Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων
Greece (GR)
Universidad de León
Spain (ES)
Institute of Space Sciences (IEEC-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam / Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam
Germany (DE)
Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT)
United States (USA) (US)
European Space Agency (ESA)
France (FR)
Università degli Studi di Salerno
Italy (IT)
University of Canterbury
New Zealand (NZ)
Jamia Millia Islamia
India (IN)
Princeton University
United States (USA) (US)
Fluminense Federal University / Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Brazil (BR)
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
Italy (IT)
University of Chicago
United States (USA) (US)
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan / 国立天文台(NAOJ)
Japan (JP)
University of Oxford
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Patras (UPATRAS)
Greece (GR)
National Technical University of Athens / Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο
Greece (GR)
Kyoto University / 京都大学 Kyōto daigaku
Japan (JP)
Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics APCTP
Korea, Republic of (KR)
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Switzerland (CH)
Paris Observatory / Observatoire de Paris
France (FR)
Willamette University
United States (USA) (US)
Università degli Studi di Trento
Italy (IT)
University of Groningen / Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Netherlands (NL)
Aarhus University
Denmark (DK)
Presidency University Kolkata
India (IN)
Institute for Nuclear Researches and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) / Институт за ядрени изследвания и ядрена енергетика (ИЯИЯЕ)
Bulgaria (BG)
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Greece (GR)
University College London (UCL)
United Kingdom (GB)
University of the Philippines Diliman (UP Diliman)
Philippines (PH)
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
India (IN)
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) / Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
Switzerland (CH)
Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University / Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Ukraine (UA)
Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) / Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAU)
Cyprus (CY)
University of Peloponnese
Greece (GR)
University of Turin / Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO)
Italy (IT)
Union College
United States (USA) (US)
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
United States (USA) (US)
National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics / Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE)
Mexico (MX)
University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD)
United States (USA) (US)
National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico / Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México
Mexico (MX)
Liaoning Normal University (LNU) / 辽宁师范大学
China (CN)
Niels Bohr Institute / Niels Bohr Institutet
Denmark (DK)
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
China (CN)
Rudjer Boskovic Institute (RBI) / Institut Ruđer Bošković (IRB)
Croatia (HR)
University of Stavanger / Universitetet i Stavanger
Norway (NO)
Mazandaran University of Science and Technology (MUST) / دانشگاه علوم و فنون مازندران
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Pennsylvania State University (Penn State)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Okara / جامعہ اوکاڑہ
Pakistan (PK)
Universidad de Concepcion
Chile (CL)
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Germany (DE)
Fudan University / 复旦大学
China (CN)
Sejong University (SJU) / 세종대학교
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Chile (CL)
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)
Spain (ES)
National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab)
United States (USA) (US)
Utah Valley University (UVU)
United States (USA) (US)
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
Spain (ES)
Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie / Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
Germany (DE)
Stockholm University / Stockholms universitet
Sweden (SE)
University of Malaya (UM) / Universiti Malaya
Malaysia (MY)
University of Arizona
United States (USA) (US)
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
Brazil (BR)
Durham University
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Alberta
Canada (CA)
Islamic Azad University (IAU) / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
University of Szeged / József Attila Tudományegyetem Szeged
Hungary (HU)
University of Lethbridge
Canada (CA)
New Uzbekistan University (NUU) / Yangi O'zbekiston Universiteti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
United States (USA) (US)
Universidad de Chile
Chile (CL)
Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Italy (IT)
Simon Fraser University
Canada (CA)
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
United States (USA) (US)
University of Tirana / Universiteti i Tiranës
Albania (AL)
Australian National University (ANU)
Australia (AU)
Turku University Hospital / Turun yliopistollinen keskussairaala (TYKS)
Finland (FI)
Mapúa University
Philippines (PH)
Queen Mary University of London
United Kingdom (GB)
Boston University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Southampton
United Kingdom (GB)
Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales (ECCI)
Colombia (CO)
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) / אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב
Israel (IL)
Fukushima University / 福島大学
Japan (JP)
Universidad de Playa Ancha (UPLA)
Chile (CL)
Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck / University of Innsbruck
Austria (AT)
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica
Taiwan (TW)
University of California, Riverside (UCR)
United States (USA) (US)
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies GmbH (HITS)
Germany (DE)
Helsingin yliopisto / University of Helsinki
Finland (FI)
Laboratoire des 2 Infinis Toulouse (L2IT)
France (FR)
University of Sydney (USYD)
Australia (AU)
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Netherlands (NL)
Université Paris-Saclay
France (FR)
Institute for Basic Science
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Sharif University of Technology / دانشگاه صنعتی شریف (SUT)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Italy (IT)
Università degli Studi di Firenze / University of Florence
Italy (IT)
Politechnic University of Bucharest / Universitatea Politehnica din București
Romania (RO)
Ahmedabad University / અમદાવાદ યુનિવર્સિટી
India (IN)
University of Amsterdam
Netherlands (NL)
Plaksha University
India (IN)
Institute of Physics of Buenos Aires / Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA)
Argentina (AR)
Gemini Observatory Southern Operations Center (International Gemini Observatory)
Chile (CL)
Northeastern University
United States (USA) (US)
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCB)
France (FR)
University of Nova Gorica / Univerza v Novi Gorici
Slovenia (SI)
Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragh (RIAAM)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Greece (GR)
Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA)
Italy (IT)
University of Tarapacá / Universidad de Tarapacá
Chile (CL)
Indian Statistical Institute
India (IN)
University of Lleida / Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Spain (ES)
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
India (IN)
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Georgia (GE)
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster
Germany (DE)
Tezpur University
India (IN)
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC, ESA)
Netherlands (NL)
Polytechnic University of Timişoara / Universitatea Politehnica Timișoara (UPT)
Romania (RO)
Zhejiang University / Chekiang University / 浙江大学
China (CN)
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME) / Uzbe ikromjon alijonov Mexanizatsiyalash Muhandislari Instituti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
Southern University of Science and Technology
China (CN)
University of Insubria / Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Italy (IT)
University of Kansas (KU)
United States (USA) (US)
Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB)
Germany (DE)
Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP) / 中国科学院理论物理研究所
China (CN)
The Oskar Klein Centre
Sweden (SE)
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
United States (USA) (US)
VIT University (Vellore Institute of Technology)
India (IN)
Institute of Fundamental Physics / Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
United States (USA) (US)
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)
India (IN)
University of Luxembourg
Luxembourg (LU)
University of Belgrade / Универзитет у Београду
Serbia (RS)
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
China (CN)
Hokkaido University (Hokudai) / 北海道大学
Japan (JP)
Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS) / 한국 고등과학원
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
Germany (DE)
Comenius University Bratislava
Slovakia (SK)
How to cite
APA:
Di Valentino, E., Said, J.L., Riess, A., Pollo, A., Poulin, V., Gómez-Valent, A.,... Davari, Z. (2025). The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics. Physics of the Dark Universe, 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965
MLA:
Di Valentino, Eleonora, et al. "The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics." Physics of the Dark Universe 49 (2025).
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