Li J, Schamriß L, Eckstein M (2022)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2022
Book Volume: 105
Article Number: 165121
Journal Issue: 16
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.105.165121
Recent experiments have revealed the tantalizing possibility of fabricating lattice electronic systems strongly coupled to quantum fluctuations of electromagnetic fields, e.g., by means of geometry confinement from a cavity or artificial gauge fields in quantum simulators. In this work, we develop a high-frequency expansion to construct the effective models for lattice electrons strongly coupled to a continuum of off-resonant photon modes with arbitrary dispersion. The theory is nonperturbative in the light-matter coupling strength and is therefore particularly suitable for the ultrastrong light-matter coupling regime. Using the effective models, we demonstrate how the dispersion and topology of the electronic energy bands can be tuned by the cavity. In particular, quasi-one-dimensional physics can emerge in a two-dimensional square lattice due to a spatially anisotropic band renormalization, and a topologically nontrivial anomalous quantum Hall state can be induced in a honeycomb lattice when the cavity setup breaks time-reversal symmetry. We also demonstrate that the photon-mediated interaction induces an unconventional superconducting paired phase distinct from the pair-density-wave state discussed in models with truncated light-matter coupling. Finally, we study a realistic setup of a Fabry-Pérot cavity. Our work provides a systematic framework to explore the emergent phenomena due to strong light-matter coupling and points out alternative directions of engineering orders and topological states in solids.
APA:
Li, J., Schamriß, L., & Eckstein, M. (2022). Effective theory of lattice electrons strongly coupled to quantum electromagnetic fields. Physical Review B, 105(16). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.165121
MLA:
Li, Jiajun, Lukas Schamriß, and Martin Eckstein. "Effective theory of lattice electrons strongly coupled to quantum electromagnetic fields." Physical Review B 105.16 (2022).
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