Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Assessment of 2-Methoxynicotinonitrile Derivatives

Sulaiman E, Al-Masri E, Alhawarri MB, Ibrahim MM, Al-Refai M, Ali BF, Shuaib A (2026)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2026

Journal

Chemistry & Biodiversity Wiley-VCH Verlag / Wiley-Blackwell

Book Volume: 23

Article Number: e71718

Journal Issue: 9

DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.71718

Abstract

This study presents the formation of 2-methoxy-3-cyanopyridine derivatives 3(a–g) that occurred while attempting to synthesize furo[2,3-b]pyridines. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D-NMR, HRMS, and crystal x-ray structure analysis. In the crystal structure of 3f, the molecules are connected by C―H···N≡C, C―Cl···O―C, and C―S···N≡C interactions to form layers, which are further connected through π···π and Cl···π interactions, consolidating a 3-dimensional structure. The antioxidant activities of all synthesized compounds were tested in a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenger assay. Compound 3d displayed the highest level of activity with an IC50 of 57.47 ± 1.17 µg/mL. Moderate levels of antibacterial activity were found against Escherichia coli, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CONS), and Streptococcus species. These findings indicate that the 2-methoxy nicotinonitrile is an adaptable scaffolding to provide both tunable electronic properties and potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This new synthetic conversion described here demonstrates a practical method for preparing structurally diverse cyanopyridines and provides a platform for further lead optimization toward future multifunctional bioactive compounds.

Involved external institutions

Al al-Bayt University (AABU) JO Jordan (JO) University of Jordan JO Jordan (JO) Jadara University / جامعة جدارا JO Jordan (JO) Kuwait University KW Kuwait (KW)

How to cite

APA:

Sulaiman, E., Al-Masri, E., Alhawarri, M.B., Ibrahim, M.M., Al-Refai, M., Ali, B.F., & Shuaib, A. (2026). Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Assessment of 2-Methoxynicotinonitrile Derivatives. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 23(9). https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.71718

MLA:

Sulaiman, Eman, et al. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Assessment of 2-Methoxynicotinonitrile Derivatives." Chemistry & Biodiversity 23.9 (2026).

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