Convection effects on solidification conditions in laser beam welding

Plewinski J, Markl M (2026)


Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2026

Journal

Original Authors: Jonas Plewinski, Matthias Markl

Book Volume: 143

Pages Range: 356-360

DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.07.075

Abstract

Melt pool dynamics strongly influence solidification in laser beam welding by shaping temperature gradients, interface velocities, and ultimately microstructure and defect susceptibility. Although thermal-only models are still widely used for process prediction, they neglect convective heat and mass transport arising from Marangoni effects at the surface and pressure-driven flow near the keyhole.

In this study, we directly compare a thermal-only simulation with a coupled fluid–thermal model under quasi-stationary deep-penetration conditions to isolate the effects of convection. We investigate how melt pool flow modifies the temperature field and reshapes the solidification front and the mushy zone. The coupled simulation predicts non-uniform temperature distributions and characteristic changes in the mushy zone, resulting in systematically altered temperature gradients and interface velocities compared to thermal-only models.

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How to cite

APA:

Plewinski, J., & Markl, M. (2026). Convection effects on solidification conditions in laser beam welding. Procedia CIRP, 143, 356-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.07.075

MLA:

Plewinski, Jonas, and Matthias Markl. "Convection effects on solidification conditions in laser beam welding." Procedia CIRP 143 (2026): 356-360.

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