Powder stream characteristics in laser directed energy deposition of PEEK and PA12

Nettelbeck D, Kopp SP, Schmidt M (2026)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2026

Journal

CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology Elsevier

Original Authors: Daniel Nettelbeck, Sebastian-Paul Kopp, Michael Schmidt

DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2026.03.012

Abstract

This study investigates powder stream characteristics, including powder focus and particle velocity, in laser-directed energy deposition of polymers (DED-LB/P) using high-speed imaging. PEEK and PA12, two commonly used thermoplastic powders, differ in particle morphology, flowability and thermal properties. Systematic analysis reveals strong material dependent behavior, with PEEK exhibiting a narrower focus and higher velocities than PA12 under identical conditions. Carrier gas flow significantly affects particle velocity, while shielding gas has negligible impact. Powder flowability, particle size distribution, and the loading ratio are identified as key factors influencing powder stream characteristics, providing essential insights for optimizing polymer DED processes.

Authors with CRIS profile

Daniel Nettelbeck Lehrstuhl für Photonische Technologien (LPT) Sebastian-Paul Kopp Lehrstuhl für Photonische Technologien (LPT) Michael Schmidt Lehrstuhl für Photonische Technologien (LPT)

How to cite

APA:

Nettelbeck, D., Kopp, S.-P., & Schmidt, M. (2026). Powder stream characteristics in laser directed energy deposition of PEEK and PA12. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2026.03.012

MLA:

Nettelbeck, Daniel, Sebastian-Paul Kopp, and Michael Schmidt. "Powder stream characteristics in laser directed energy deposition of PEEK and PA12." CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology (2026).

BibTeX: Download