Nondestructive Detection of Water Ingress in Solar Modules Using Near-Infrared Absorbance Spectroscopy
Mashkov O, Stroyuk O, Buerhop C, Bind S, Clark D, Hauch J, Peters IM (2025)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2025
Journal
Abstract
Moisture ingress is a key factor in the degradation of photovoltaic module components. This study employs near-infrared absorption spectroscopy to nondestructively quantify water uptake in backsheets and encapsulants, using a water index derived from the 1910-1920 nm absorption band. Measurements covered short-term dynamics during rainfall, long-term outdoor monitoring, and spatial mapping. Short-term monitoring showed a 14% increase in the water index within 20 min of observations. Five months of rooftop measurements revealed strong sensitivity to humidity and temperature: the index rose by 75% as relative humidity increased from 20% to 50%, and fell by 50% as temperature rose from 0°C to 40°C. Comparative field campaigns in 2021 and 2023 showed material-specific trends: under identical conditions, polyamide and fluoropolymer-coated backsheets exhibited average water index increases of 32%, while polyvinylidene fluoride showed only a 17% increase. Changes in distribution shape indicated differing moisture resistance among materials. Gravimetric analysis confirmed material-dependent water retention. Spatial mapping and immersion tests revealed localized moisture accumulation and saturation-type sorption, with uptake rates—derived via kinetic fitting—ca. 27% higher in field-aged modules than in stored ones. These results establish near-infrared spectroscopy as a scalable and noninvasive tool for detecting moisture-related degradation in photovoltaic modules.
Authors with CRIS profile
Involved external institutions
Germany (DE)How to cite
APA:
Mashkov, O., Stroyuk, O., Buerhop, C., Bind, S., Clark, D., Hauch, J., & Peters, I.M. (2025). Nondestructive Detection of Water Ingress in Solar Modules Using Near-Infrared Absorbance Spectroscopy. Solar RRL. https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500499
MLA:
Mashkov, Oleksandr, et al. "Nondestructive Detection of Water Ingress in Solar Modules Using Near-Infrared Absorbance Spectroscopy." Solar RRL (2025).
BibTeX: Download