Development of a high-speed temperature sensor based on ratiometric NIR water emission for hydrogen and methane flames

Schmidt N, Bräuer P, Pereira MM, Grauer SJ, Bauer F, Will S (2025)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2025

Journal

Applications in Energy and Combustion Science Elsevier

Book Volume: 23

Article Number: 100336

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaecs.2025.100336

Abstract

This study reports on a fast, inexpensive, non-intrusive, in situ temperature sensor that can be applied to a wide variety of combustion processes. The sensor is based on the detection of thermal radiation from water in the near-infrared, measured by two photodiodes at distinct wavelength bands centered at 1300 nm to 1500 nm and 1500 nm to 1700 nm. Validation tests are performed on well-characterized premixed hydrogen and methane flames, and the results are compared to reference values. Excellent agreement is obtained for lean and stoichiometric flames: matching the known results within a few tens of Kelvin at a rate of 9 kHz. The sensor's high-speed capability is demonstrated using a turbulent hydrogen-jet flame, resolving temperature fluctuations at a rate of 90 kHz. Larger deviations from the reference values are present at fuel-rich conditions, most likely resulting from a second reaction zone forming at the edges of these flames. The measurement precision is quantified, taking into account errors due to noise and equipment-related uncertainties. This sensor has a wide range of applicability and can enable real-time quasi-point thermometry in complex flames with minimal optical access.

Authors with CRIS profile

Nikolas Schmidt Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) Phillipp Bräuer Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) Florian Bauer Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) Stefan Will Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT)

Involved external institutions

Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) US United States (USA) (US)

How to cite

APA:

Schmidt, N., Bräuer, P., Pereira, M.M., Grauer, S.J., Bauer, F., & Will, S. (2025). Development of a high-speed temperature sensor based on ratiometric NIR water emission for hydrogen and methane flames. Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2025.100336

MLA:

Schmidt, Nikolas, et al. "Development of a high-speed temperature sensor based on ratiometric NIR water emission for hydrogen and methane flames." Applications in Energy and Combustion Science 23 (2025).

BibTeX: Download