The H.E.S.S. Extragalactic sky survey with the first decade of observations

Aharonian F, Ait Benkhali F, Aschersleben J, Ashkar H, Backes M, Barbosa Martins V, Batzofin R, Becherini Y, Berge D, Bernlöhr K, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, De Bony De Lavergne M, Borowska J, Bouyahiaoui M, Bradascio F, Brose R, Brown A, Brun F, Bruno B, Bulik T, Burger-Scheidlin C, Bylund T, Casanova S, Celic J, Cerruti M, Chand T, Chandra S, Chen A, Chibueze J, Chibueze O, Cotter G, Cristofari P, Mbarubucyeye JD, Davids ID, Devin J, Djuvsland J, Dmytriiev A, Egberts K, Einecke S, Fegan S, Fontaine G, Funk S, Gabici S, Glicenstein JF, Glombitza J, Goswami P, Grolleron G, Haerer L, Hea B, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Holch TL, Holler M, Horns D, Huang Z, Jamrozy M, Jankowsky F, Jardin-Blicq A, Kasai E, Katarzyaski K, Khatoon R, Khélifi B, Komin N, Kosack K, Kostunin D, Kundu A, Guedes Lang R, Le Stum S, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Leuschner F, Luashvili A, Mackey J, Malyshev D, Marandon V, Martí-Devesa G, Marx R, Mehta A, Mitchell A, Moderski R, Mohrmann L, Montanari A, De Naurois M, Niemiec J, O-Brien P, Olivera-Nieto L, De Ona Wilhelmi E, Ostrowski M, Panny S, Panter M, Pensec U, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Ravikularaman S, Regeard M, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reis I, Ren H, Reville B, Rieger F, Rowell G, Rudak B, Ruiz-Velasco E, Sahakian V, Salzmann H, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Schäfer J, Schüssler F, Shapopi JN, Sharma A, Sol H, Spencer S, Stawarz , Steenkamp R, Steinmassl S, Steppa C, Suzuki H, Takahashi T, Tanaka T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Thakur A, Tsirou M, van Eldik C, Vecchi M, Venter C, Vink J, Völk HJ, Wach T, Wagner SJ, Wierzcholska A, Zacharias M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Åywucka N (2025)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2025

Journal

Book Volume: 695

Article Number: A261

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452723

Abstract

The results of the first extragalactic gamma-ray survey by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are presented. The survey comprises 2720 hours of very high-energy gamma-ray observations of the extragalactic sky, recorded with H.E.S.S. from 2004 up to the end of 2012. These data have been re-analysed using a common consistent set of up-to-date data calibration and analysis tools. From this analysis, a list of 23 detected objects, predominantly blazars, was obtained. This catalogue was assessed in terms of the source class populations that it contains. The level of source parameter bias for the blazar sources, probed by this observational dataset, was evaluated using Monte-Carlo simulations. Spectral results obtained with the H.E.S.S. data were compared with the Fermi-LAT catalogues to present the full gamma-ray picture of the detected objects. Lastly, this unique dataset was used to assess the contribution of BL Lacertae objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars to the extragalactic gamma-ray background light at several hundreds of gigaelectronvolts. These results are accompanied by the release of the high-level data to the astrophysical community.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS) Ireland (IE) Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Germany (DE) University of Groningen / Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Netherlands (NL) Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR) France (FR) University of Namibia (UNAM) Namibia (NA) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Germany (DE) Universität Potsdam Germany (DE) Université Paris Cité France (FR) Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK) / Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics Germany (DE) Noordwes-Universiteit / North-West University South Africa (ZA) Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH) / Laboratory of the Universe and Theories France (FR) Sorbonne Université France (FR) University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) South Africa (ZA) University of Oxford United Kingdom (GB) University of Montpellier / Université Montpellier France (FR) University of Adelaide Australia (AU) Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck / University of Innsbruck Austria (AT) Universität Hamburg (UHH) Germany (DE) Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński (UJ) Poland (PL) Université de Bordeaux France (FR) Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) / Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu (UMK) Poland (PL) Université Paris-Saclay France (FR) Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany (DE) Institute of Research into the Fundamental Laws of the Universe / Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'univers (IRFU) France (FR) Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences Poland (PL) Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences / Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej im. Henryka Niewodniczańskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk Poland (PL) University of Leicester United Kingdom (GB) Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Germany (DE) University of Warsaw / Uniwersytet Warszawski Poland (PL) Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules (IN2P3) France (FR) University of Amsterdam Netherlands (NL) University of Savoy Mont Blanc / Université Savoie Mont Blanc France (FR) Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI) / Երևանի Ֆիզիկայի Ինստիտուտ Armenia (AM) Konan University / 甲南大学 Japan (JP) University of Tokyo Japan (JP)

How to cite

APA:

Aharonian, F., Ait Benkhali, F., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Barbosa Martins, V.,... Åywucka, N. (2025). The H.E.S.S. Extragalactic sky survey with the first decade of observations. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 695. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202452723

MLA:

Aharonian, F., et al. "The H.E.S.S. Extragalactic sky survey with the first decade of observations." Astronomy & Astrophysics 695 (2025).

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