Precise Measurements of TeV Halos around Geminga and Monogem Pulsars with HAWC

Albert A, Alfaro R, Alvarez C, Arteaga-Velázquez JC, Avila Rojas D, Ayala Solares HA, Babu R, Belmont-Moreno E, Bernal A, Caballero-Mora KS, Capistrán T, Carramiñana A, Casanova S, Cotti U, Cotzomi J, Coutiño de León S, de la Fuente E, Depaoli D, Di Lalla N, Diaz Hernandez R, Dingus BL, DuVernois MA, Durocher M, Díaz-Vélez JC, Engel K, Espinoza C, Fan KL, Fang K, Fraija N, García-González JA, Garfias F, Goksu H, González MM, Goodman JA, Groetsch S, Harding JP, Hernández-Cadena S, Herzog I, Hüntemeyer P, Huang D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F, Iriarte A, Joshi V, Kaufmann S, Kieda D, Lara A, Lee WH, Lee J, León Vargas H, Linnemann JT, Longinotti AL, Luis-Raya G, Malone K, Martinez O, Martínez-Castro J, Matthews JA, Miranda-Romagnoli P, Montes JA, Morales-Soto JA, Moreno E, Mostafá M, Nayerhoda A, Nellen L, Noriega-Papaqui R, Olivera-Nieto L, Omodei N, Pérez Araujo Y, Pérez-Pérez EG, Rho CD, Rosa-González D, Salazar H, Salazar-Gallegos D, Sandoval A, Schneider M, Schwefer G, Serna-Franco J, Son Y, Springer RW, Tibolla O, Tollefson K, Torres I, Torres-Escobedo R, Turner R, Urea-Mena F, Varela E, Villaseñor L, Wang X, Watson IJ, Willox E, Wu H, Yun-Cárcamo S, Zhou H, de León C (2024)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2024

Journal

Book Volume: 974

Article Number: 246

Journal Issue: 2

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad738e

Abstract

We present the most precise measurements to date for the spatial extension and energy spectrum of the γ-ray region between a pulsar’s wind nebula and the interstellar medium, better known as the halo, present around Geminga and PSR B0656+14 (Monogem) using ∼2398 days of >1 TeV data collected by the HAWC observatory. We interpret the data using a physically motivated model for the diffuse γ-ray emission generated from positrons and electrons (e^±) injected by the pulsar wind nebula and inverse Compton scattering with interstellar radiation fields. We find the morphologies of the regions inside these halos are characterized by an inhibited diffusion that are approximately three orders of magnitudes smaller than the Galactic average. We also obtain the e^± emission efficiencies of 6.6% and 5.1%, respectively, for Geminga and Monogem. These results have remarkable consequences for the study of the particle diffusion in the region between the pulsar wind nebulae and the interstellar medium, and for the interpretation of the flux of positrons measured by the AMS-02 experiment above 10 GeV.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH) Mexico (MX) University of Maryland United States (USA) (US) National Autonomous University of Mexico / Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Mexico (MX) Michigan State University United States (USA) (US) University of Seoul (UOS) / 서울시립대학교 Korea, Republic of (KR) Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) / Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla Mexico (MX) Los Alamos National Laboratory United States (USA) (US) Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH) Mexico (MX) University of Wisconsin - Madison United States (USA) (US) Tecnológico de Monterrey (ITESM) Mexico (MX) Stanford University United States (USA) (US) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Korea, Republic of (KR) Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences / Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej im. Henryka Niewodniczańskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk Poland (PL) Universidad de Guadalajara (UDEG) Mexico (MX) Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK) / Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics Germany (DE) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) United States (USA) (US) National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics / Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE) Mexico (MX) University of Utah United States (USA) (US) Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca (UPP) Mexico (MX) Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo / Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mexico (MX) University of New Mexico (UNM) / Universidad de Nuevo México United States (USA) (US) Shanghai Jiao Tong University / 上海交通大学 China (CN) National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico / Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México Mexico (MX)

How to cite

APA:

Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J.C., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H.A.,... de León, C. (2024). Precise Measurements of TeV Halos around Geminga and Monogem Pulsars with HAWC. Astrophysical Journal, 974(2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad738e

MLA:

Albert, A., et al. "Precise Measurements of TeV Halos around Geminga and Monogem Pulsars with HAWC." Astrophysical Journal 974.2 (2024).

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