Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment

Madronich S, Bernhard GH, Neale PJ, Heikkilä A, Andersen MP, Andrady AL, Aucamp PJ, Bais AF, Banaszak AT, Barnes PJ, Bornman JF, Bruckman LS, Busquets R, Chiodo G, Häder DP, Hanson ML, Hylander S, Jansen MA, Lingham G, Lucas RM, Calderon RM, Olsen C, Ossola R, Pandey KK, Petropavlovskikh I, Revell LE, Rhodes LE, Robinson SA, Robson TM, Rose KC, Schikowski T, Solomon KR, Sulzberger B, Wallington TJ, Wang QW, Wängberg S, White CC, Wilson SR, Zhu L, Neale RE (2024)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2024

Journal

DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00577-8

Abstract

The protection of Earth’s stratospheric ozone (O3) is an ongoing process under the auspices of the universally ratified Montreal Protocol and its Amendments and adjustments. A critical part of this process is the assessment of the environmental issues related to changes in O3. The United Nations Environment Programme’s Environmental Effects Assessment Panel provides annual scientific evaluations of some of the key issues arising in the recent collective knowledge base. This current update includes a comprehensive assessment of the incidence rates of skin cancer, cataract and other skin and eye diseases observed worldwide; the effects of UV radiation on tropospheric oxidants, and air and water quality; trends in breakdown products of fluorinated chemicals and recent information of their toxicity; and recent technological innovations of building materials for greater resistance to UV radiation. These issues span a wide range of topics, including both harmful and beneficial effects of exposure to UV radiation, and complex interactions with climate change. While the Montreal Protocol has succeeded in preventing large reductions in stratospheric O3, future changes may occur due to a number of natural and anthropogenic factors. Thus, frequent assessments of potential environmental impacts are essential to ensure that policies remain based on the best available scientific knowledge. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

University of Manitoba Canada (CA) University College Cork (UCC) Ireland (IE) Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology / Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung, Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz (EAWAG) Switzerland (CH) University of Western Australia (UWA) Australia (AU) Cape Horn International Center for Global Change Studies and Biocultural Conservation (CHIC) Chile (CL) Colorado State University United States (USA) (US) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) India (IN) University of Canterbury New Zealand (NZ) National Center for Atmospheric Research United States (USA) (US) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) / Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich Switzerland (CH) QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (früher: the Queensland Institute of Medical Research) Australia (AU) Biospherical Instruments Inc United States (USA) (US) Smithsonian Environmental Research Center United States (USA) (US) Finnish Meteorological Institute / Finnisches Meteorologisches Institut Finland (FI) California State University, Northridge (CSUN) United States (USA) (US) North Carolina State University United States (USA) (US) Ptersa Environmental Consultants South Africa (ZA) Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece (GR) National Autonomous University of Mexico / Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Mexico (MX) Loyola University New Orleans United States (USA) (US) Murdoch University Australia (AU) Case Western Reserve University United States (USA) (US) Kingston University United Kingdom (GB) Linnaeus University (LNU) / Linnéuniversitetet Sweden (SE) Australian National University (ANU) Australia (AU) University of Colorado at Boulder United States (USA) (US) University of Michigan United States (USA) (US) University of Manchester United Kingdom (GB) University of Wollongong (UOW) Australia (AU) University of Cumbria United Kingdom (GB) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) United States (USA) (US) Leibniz-Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF) / Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine Germany (DE) Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology China (CN) University of Guelph (U of G) Canada (CA) University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs universitet Sweden (SE) Exponent United States (USA) (US) Donghua University / 东华大学 China (CN)

How to cite

APA:

Madronich, S., Bernhard, G.H., Neale, P.J., Heikkilä, A., Andersen, M.P., Andrady, A.L.,... Neale, R.E. (2024). Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-024-00577-8

MLA:

Madronich, S., et al. "Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences (2024).

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