Carbide-Derived Niobium Pentoxide with Enhanced Charge Storage Capacity for Use as a Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode
Budak , Geißler M, Becker D, Kruth A, Quade A, Haberkorn R, Kickelbick G, Etzold BJ, Presser V (2020)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2020
Journal
Book Volume: 3
Pages Range: 4275-4285
Journal Issue: 5
Abstract
Nb2O5 has been explored as a promising anode material for use as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but depending on the crystal structure, the specific capacity was always reported to be usually around or below 200 mAh/g. For the first time, we present coarse-grained Nb2O5 materials that significantly overcome this capacity limitation with the promise of enabling high power applications. Our work introduces coarse-grained carbide-derived Nb2O5 phases obtained either by a one-step or a two-step bulk conversion process. By in situ production of chlorine gas from metal chloride salt at ambient pressure, we obtain in just one step directly orthorhombic Nb2O5 alongside carbide-derived carbon (o-Nb2O5/CDC). In situ formation of chlorine gas from metal chloride salt under vacuum conditions yields CDC covering the remaining carbide core, which can be transformed into metal oxides covered by a carbon shell upon thermal treatment in CO2 gas. The two-step process yielded a mixed-phase tetragonal and monoclinic Nb2O5 with CDC (m-Nb2O5/CDC). Our combined diffraction and spectroscopic data confirm that carbide-derived Nb2O5 materials show disordering of the crystallographic planes caused by oxygen deficiency in the structural units and, in the case of m-Nb2O5/CDC, severe stacking faults. This defect engineering allows access to a very high specific capacity exceeding the two-electron transfer process of conventional Nb2O5. The charge storage capacities of the resulting m-Nb2O5/CDC and o-Nb2O5/CDC are, in both cases, around 300 mAh/g at a specific current of 10 mA/g, thereby, the values are significantly higher than that of the state-of-the-art for Nb2O5 as a LIB anode. Carbide-derived Nb2O5 materials also show robust cycling stability over 500 cycles with capacity fading only 24% for the sample m-Nb2O5/CDC and 28% for o-Nb2O5/CDC, suggesting low degree of expansion/compaction during lithiation and delithiation.
Authors with CRIS profile
Involved external institutions
Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien gGmbH / Leibniz Institute for New Materials (INM)
Germany (DE)
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Germany (DE)
Universität des Saarlandes (UdS)
Germany (DE)
Leibniz-Institut für Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V. (INP Greifswald) / Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
Germany (DE)
Germany (DE)
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Germany (DE)
Universität des Saarlandes (UdS)
Germany (DE)
Leibniz-Institut für Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V. (INP Greifswald) / Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology
Germany (DE)
How to cite
APA:
Budak, ., Geißler, M., Becker, D., Kruth, A., Quade, A., Haberkorn, R.,... Presser, V. (2020). Carbide-Derived Niobium Pentoxide with Enhanced Charge Storage Capacity for Use as a Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode. ACS Applied Energy Materials, 3(5), 4275-4285. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b02549
MLA:
Budak, , et al. "Carbide-Derived Niobium Pentoxide with Enhanced Charge Storage Capacity for Use as a Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode." ACS Applied Energy Materials 3.5 (2020): 4275-4285.
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