Barré N, Shivaraman R, Moser S, Salter PS, Schmidt M, Booth MJ, Jesacher A (2023)
Publication Language: English
Publication Type: Journal article, Original article
Publication year: 2023
Book Volume: 2
Pages Range: 036006
Journal Issue: 3
Open Access Link: https://doi.org/10.1117/1.APN.2.3.036006
Light plays a central role in many applications. The key to unlocking its versatility lies in shaping it into the most appropriate form for the task at hand. Specifically tailored refractive index modifications, directly manufactured inside glass using a short pulsed laser, enable an almost arbitrary control of the light flow. However, the stringent requirements for quantitative knowledge of these modifications, as well as for fabrication precision, have so far prevented the fabrication of light-efficient aperiodic photonic volume elements (APVEs). Here, we present a powerful approach to the design and manufacturing of light-efficient APVEs. We optimize application-specific three-dimensional arrangements of hundreds of thousands of microscopic voxels and manufacture them using femtosecond direct laser writing inside millimeter-sized glass volumes. We experimentally achieve unprecedented diffraction efficiencies up to 80%, which is enabled by precise voxel characterization and adaptive optics during fabrication. We demonstrate APVEs with various functionalities, including a spatial mode converter and combined intensity shaping and wavelength multiplexing. Our elements can be freely designed and are efficient, compact, and robust. Our approach is not limited to borosilicate glass but is potentially extendable to other substrates, including birefringent and nonlinear materials, giving a preview of even broader functionalities, including polarization modulation and dynamic elements.
APA:
Barré, N., Shivaraman, R., Moser, S., Salter, P.S., Schmidt, M., Booth, M.J., & Jesacher, A. (2023). Direct laser-written aperiodic photonic volume elements for complex light shaping with high efficiency: inverse design and fabrication. Advanced Photonics Nexus, 2(3), 036006. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.APN.2.3.036006
MLA:
Barré, Nicolas, et al. "Direct laser-written aperiodic photonic volume elements for complex light shaping with high efficiency: inverse design and fabrication." Advanced Photonics Nexus 2.3 (2023): 036006.
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