Structural and Biochemical Changes in Pericardium upon Genipin Cross-Linking Investigated Using Nondestructive and Label-Free Imaging Techniques
Shaik TA, Baria E, Wang X, Korinth F, Lagarto JL, Hoeppener C, Pavone FS, Deckert V, Popp J, Cicchi R, Krafft C (2022)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2022
Journal
Book Volume: 94
Pages Range: 1575-1584
Journal Issue: 3
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03348
Abstract
Tissue cross-linking represents an important and often used technique to enhance the mechanical properties of biomaterials. For the first time, we investigated biochemical and structural properties of genipin (GE) cross-linked equine pericardium (EP) using optical imaging techniques in tandem with quantitative atomic force microscopy (AFM). EP was cross-linked with GE at 37 °C, and its biochemical and biomechanical properties were observed at various time points up to 24 h. GE cross-linked EP was monitored by the normalized ratio between its second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon autofluorescence emissions and remained unchanged for untreated EP; however, a decreasing ratio due to depleted SHG and elevated autofluorescence and a fluorescence band at 625 nm were found for GE cross-linked EP. The mean autofluorescence lifetime of GE cross-linked EP also decreased. The biochemical signature of GE cross-linker and shift in collagen bands were detected and quantified using shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy as an innovative approach for tackling artifacts with high fluorescence backgrounds. AFM images indicated a higher and increasing Young's modulus correlated with cross-linking, as well as collagen structural changes in GE cross-linked EP, qualitatively explaining the observed decrease in the second-harmonic signal. In conclusion, we obtained detailed information about the biochemical, structural, and biomechanical effects of GE cross-linked EP using a unique combination of optical and force microscopy techniques in a nondestructive and label-free manner.
Involved external institutions
Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien e.V.
Germany (DE)
Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR)
Italy (IT)
Germany (DE)
Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR)
Italy (IT)
How to cite
APA:
Shaik, T.A., Baria, E., Wang, X., Korinth, F., Lagarto, J.L., Hoeppener, C.,... Krafft, C. (2022). Structural and Biochemical Changes in Pericardium upon Genipin Cross-Linking Investigated Using Nondestructive and Label-Free Imaging Techniques. Analytical Chemistry, 94(3), 1575-1584. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03348
MLA:
Shaik, Tanveer Ahmed, et al. "Structural and Biochemical Changes in Pericardium upon Genipin Cross-Linking Investigated Using Nondestructive and Label-Free Imaging Techniques." Analytical Chemistry 94.3 (2022): 1575-1584.
BibTeX: Download