Nanoscale subsurface dynamics of solids upon high-intensity femtosecond laser irradiation observed by grazing-incidence x-ray scattering

Randolph L, Banjafar M, Preston TR, Yabuuchi T, Makita M, Dover NP, Roedel C, Goede S, Inubushi Y, Jakob G, Kaa J, Kon A, Koga JK, Ksenzov D, Matsuoka T, Nishiuchi M, Paulus M, Schon F, Sueda K, Sentoku Y, Togashi T, Bussmann M, Cowan TE, Klaeui M, Fortmann-Grote C, Huang L, Mancuso AP, Kluge T, Gutt C, Nakatsutsumi M (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Physical Review Research American Physical Society

Book Volume: 4

Article Number: 033038

Journal Issue: 3

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.033038

Abstract

Observing ultrafast laser-induced structural changes in nanoscale systems is essential for understanding the dynamics of intense light-matter interactions. For laser intensities on the order of 1014W/cm2, highly collisional plasmas are generated at and below the surface. Subsequent transport processes such as heat conduction, electron-ion thermalization, surface ablation, and resolidification occur at picosecond and nanosecond timescales. Imaging methods, e.g., using x-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL), were hitherto unable to measure the depth-resolved subsurface dynamics of laser-solid interactions with appropriate temporal and spatial resolution. Here we demonstrate picosecond grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) from laser-produced plasmas using XFEL pulses. Using multilayer (ML) samples, both the surface ablation and subsurface density dynamics are measured with nanometer depth resolution. Our experimental data challenges the state-of-the-art modeling of matter under extreme conditions and opens new perspectives for laser material processing and high-energy density science.

Involved external institutions

European XFEL GmbH DE Germany (DE) National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology JP Japan (JP) Universität Siegen DE Germany (DE) Osaka University / 大阪大学 JP Japan (JP) Technische Universität Dortmund DE Germany (DE) Super Photon Ring – 8 GeV (SPring-8) JP Japan (JP) Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) JP Japan (JP) Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) DE Germany (DE) Technische Universität Dresden DE Germany (DE) Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (JGU) DE Germany (DE) Technische Universität Darmstadt DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Randolph, L., Banjafar, M., Preston, T.R., Yabuuchi, T., Makita, M., Dover, N.P.,... Nakatsutsumi, M. (2022). Nanoscale subsurface dynamics of solids upon high-intensity femtosecond laser irradiation observed by grazing-incidence x-ray scattering. Physical Review Research, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.033038

MLA:

Randolph, Lisa, et al. "Nanoscale subsurface dynamics of solids upon high-intensity femtosecond laser irradiation observed by grazing-incidence x-ray scattering." Physical Review Research 4.3 (2022).

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