Electrolyte for High-Energy- and Power-Density Zinc Batteries and Ion Capacitors

Chen P, Sun X, Pietsch T, Plietker B, Brunner E, Ruck M (2023)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2023

Journal

Advanced Materials Wiley

Book Volume: 35

Article Number: 2207131

Journal Issue: 7

DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207131

Abstract

Growth of dendrites, limited coulombic efficiency (CE), and the lack of high-voltage electrolytes restrict the commercialization of zinc batteries and capacitors. These issues are resolved by a new electrolyte, based on the zinc(II)–betaine complex [Zn(bet)2][NTf2]2. Solutions in acetonitrile (AN) avoid dendrite formation. A Zn||Zn cell operates stably over 10 110 h (5055 cycles) at 0.2 mA cm⁻² or 110 h at 50 mA cm⁻², and has an area capacity of 113 mAh cm⁻² at 80% depth of discharge. A zinc–graphite battery performs at 2.6 V with a midpoint discharge-voltage of 2.4 V. The capacity-retention at 3 A g⁻¹ (150 C) is 97% after 1000 cycles and 68% after 10 000 cycles. The charge/discharge time is about 24 s at 3.0 A g⁻¹ with an energy density of 49 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 6864 W kg⁻¹ based on the cathode. A zinc||activated-carbon ion-capacitor (coin cell) exhibits an operating-voltage window of 2.5 V, an energy density of 96 Wh kg⁻¹ with a power density of 610 W kg⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹. At 12 A g⁻¹, 36 Wh kg⁻¹, and 13 600 W kg⁻¹ are achieved with 90% capacity-retention and an average CE of 96% over 10 000 cycles. Quantum-chemical methods and vibrational spectroscopy reveal [Zn(bet)2(AN)2]²⁺ as the dominant complex in the electrolyte.

Involved external institutions

Technische Universität Dresden

Germany (DE) Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe (MPI CPfS) / Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids

Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Chen, P., Sun, X., Pietsch, T., Plietker, B., Brunner, E., & Ruck, M. (2023). Electrolyte for High-Energy- and Power-Density Zinc Batteries and Ion Capacitors. Advanced Materials, 35(7). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202207131

MLA:

Chen, Peng, et al. "Electrolyte for High-Energy- and Power-Density Zinc Batteries and Ion Capacitors." Advanced Materials 35.7 (2023).

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