Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with New-Onset Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mellenthin C, Balaban VD, Dugic A, Cullati S (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Cancers MDPI

Book Volume: 14

Article Number: 4684

Journal Issue: 19

DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194684

Abstract

(1) Background: Patients with new-onset diabetes (NOD) are at risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the most relevant additional risk factors and clinical characteristics are not well established. (2) Objectives: To compare the risk for PDAC in NOD patients to persons without diabetes. Identify risk factors of PDAC among NOD patients. (3) Methods: Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar were last searched in June 2022 for observational studies on NOD patients and assessing risk factors for developing PDAC. Data were extracted, and Meta-Analysis was performed. Pooled effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with DerSimonian & Laird random effects models. (4) Findings: Twenty-two studies were included, and 576,210 patients with NOD contributed to the analysis, of which 3560 had PDAC. PDAC cases were older than controls by 6.14 years (CI 3.64–8.65, 11 studies). The highest risk of PDAC involved a family history of PDAC (3.78, CI 2.03–7.05, 4 studies), pancreatitis (5.66, CI 2.75–11.66, 9 studies), cholecystitis (2.5, CI 1.4–4.45, 4 studies), weight loss (2.49, CI 1.47–4.22, 4 studies), and high/rapidly increasing glycemia (2.33, CI 1.85–2.95, 4 studies) leading to more insulin use (4.91, CI 1.62–14.86, 5 studies). Smoking (ES 1.20, CI 1.03–1.41, 9 studies) and alcohol (ES 1.23, CI 1.09–1.38, 9 studies) have a smaller effect. (5) Conclusion: Important risk factors for PDAC among NOD patients are age, family history, and gallstones/pancreatitis. Symptoms are weight loss and rapid increase in glycemia. The identified risk factors could be used to develop a diagnostic model to screen NOD patients.

Authors with CRIS profile

Ana Dugic Medizinische Fakultät

Additional Organisation(s)

Department of Medicine 1 – Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology

Involved external institutions

Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy / Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Carol Davila” (UMF București) RO Romania (RO) freiburger spitals (HFR) CH Switzerland (CH) University of Fribourg / Universitè de Fribourg CH Switzerland (CH)

How to cite

APA:

Mellenthin, C., Balaban, V.D., Dugic, A., & Cullati, S. (2022). Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with New-Onset Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers, 14(19). https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194684

MLA:

Mellenthin, Claudia, et al. "Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with New-Onset Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Cancers 14.19 (2022).

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