RREB1::MRTFB fusion-positive extra-glossal mesenchymal neoplasms: A series of five cases expanding their anatomic distribution and highlighting significant morphological and phenotypic diversity
Agaimy A, Din NU, Dermawan JK, Haller F, Melzer K, Denz A, Baumhoer D, Stöhr R, Grützmann R, Antonescu CR (2022)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2022
Journal
DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23082
Abstract
The RREB1::MRTFB (former RREB1::MKL2) fusion characterizes ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumors (EMCMT) of the tongue. Only five molecularly confirmed extra-glossal EMCMT cases have been reported recently; all occurring at head and neck or mediastinal sites. We herein describe five new cases including the first two extracranial/extrathoracic cases. The tumors occurred in three male and two female patients with an age ranging from 18 to 61 years (median, 28). Three tumors were located in the head and neck (jaw, parapharyngeal space, and nasopharyngeal wall) and two in the soft tissue (inguinal and presacral). The tumor size ranged from 3.3 to 20 cm (median, 7). Treatment was surgical without adjuvant treatment in all cases. Two cases were disease-free at 5 and 17 months; other cases were lost to follow-up. Histologically, the soft tissue cases shared a predominant fibromyxoid appearance, but with variable cytoarchitectural pattern (cellular perineurioma-like whorls and storiform pattern in one case and large polygonal granular cells embedded within a chondromyxoid stroma in the other). Two tumors (inguinal and parapharyngeal) showed spindled to ovoid and round cells with a moderately to highly cellular nondescript pattern. One sinonasal tumor closely mimicked nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma (NCMH). Mitotic activity was low (0-5 mitoses/10 hpfs). Immunohistochemical findings were heterogeneous with variable expression of S100 (2/5), EMA (2/3), CD34 (1/4), desmin (1/4), and GFAP (1/3). Targeted RNA sequencing revealed the same RREB1::MRTFB fusion in all cases, with exon 8 of RREB1 being fused to exon 11 of MRTFB. This study expands the topographic spectrum of RREB1::MRTFB fusion-positive mesenchymal neoplasms, highlighting a significant morphological and phenotypic diversity. Overall, RREB1::MRTFB-rearranged neoplasms seem to fall into two subcategories: tumors with lobulated, chondroid, or myxochondroid epithelioid morphology (Cases 2 and 3) and those with more undifferentiated hypercellular spindle cell phenotype (Cases 1, 4, and 5). Involvement of extracranial/extrathoracic sites and the NCMH-like pattern are novel. The biology of these likely indolent or benign tumors remains to be verified in the future.
Authors with CRIS profile
Abbas Agaimy
Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie
Florian Haller
Professur für Diagnostische Molekularpathologie
Robert Grützmann
Department of Surgery
Involved external institutions
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
United States (USA) (US)
Aga Khan University (AKU) / آغا خان یونیورسٹی
Pakistan (PK)
Universität Basel
Switzerland (CH)
United States (USA) (US)
Aga Khan University (AKU) / آغا خان یونیورسٹی
Pakistan (PK)
Universität Basel
Switzerland (CH)
How to cite
APA:
Agaimy, A., Din, N.U., Dermawan, J.K., Haller, F., Melzer, K., Denz, A.,... Antonescu, C.R. (2022). RREB1::MRTFB fusion-positive extra-glossal mesenchymal neoplasms: A series of five cases expanding their anatomic distribution and highlighting significant morphological and phenotypic diversity. Genes Chromosomes & Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.23082
MLA:
Agaimy, Abbas, et al. "RREB1::MRTFB fusion-positive extra-glossal mesenchymal neoplasms: A series of five cases expanding their anatomic distribution and highlighting significant morphological and phenotypic diversity." Genes Chromosomes & Cancer (2022).
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