The Clinical Utility of Soluble Serum Biomarkers in Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review

Dugic A, Gil CV, Mellenthin C, Vujasinovic M, Löhr JM, Mühldorfer S (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Biomedicines MDPI AG

Book Volume: 10

Article Number: 1511

Journal Issue: 7

DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071511

Abstract

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare etiological type of chronic pancreatitis. The clinical and radiological presentation of AIP often resembles that of pancreatic cancer. Identifying non-invasive markers for their early distinction is of utmost importance to avoid unnecessary surgery or a delay in steroid therapy. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to revisit all current evidence on the clinical utility of different serum biomarkers in diagnosing AIP, distinguishing AIP from pancreatic cancer, and predicting disease course, steroid therapy response, and relapse. A systematic review was performed for articles published up to August 2021 by searching electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Among 5123 identified records, 92 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Apart from immunoglobulin (Ig) G4, which was by far the most studied biomarker, we identified autoantibodies against the following: lactoferrin, carboanhydrase II, plasminogen-binding protein, amylase-α2A, cationic (PRSS1) and anionic (PRSS2) trypsinogens, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI/SPINK1), and type IV collagen. The identified novel autoantigens were laminin 511, annexin A11, HSP-10, and prohibitin. Other biomarkers included cytokines, decreased complement levels, circulating immune complexes, N-glycan profile changes, aberrant miRNAs expression, decreased IgA and IgM levels, increased IgE levels and/or peripheral eosinophil count, and changes in apolipoprotein isoforms levels. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that addresses biomarkers in AIP. Evolving research has recognized numerous biomarkers that could help elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of AIP, bringing us closer to AIP diagnosis and its preoperative distinction from pancreatic cancer.

Authors with CRIS profile

Ana Dugic Medizinische Fakultät Steffen Mühldorfer Medizinische Fakultät

Involved external institutions

Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón (HUFA) ES Spain (ES) Karolinska University Hospital / Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset SE Sweden (SE) Karolinska Institute SE Sweden (SE)

How to cite

APA:

Dugic, A., Gil, C.V., Mellenthin, C., Vujasinovic, M., Löhr, J.M., & Mühldorfer, S. (2022). The Clinical Utility of Soluble Serum Biomarkers in Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071511

MLA:

Dugic, Ana, et al. "The Clinical Utility of Soluble Serum Biomarkers in Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review." Biomedicines 10.7 (2022).

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