Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance

Peña-Camargo F, Thiesbrummel J, Hempel H, Musiienko A, Le Corre VM, Diekmann J, Warby J, Unold T, Lang F, Neher D, Stolterfoht M (2022)


Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Book Volume: 9

Article Number: 021409

Journal Issue: 2

DOI: 10.1063/5.0085286

Abstract

Traditional inorganic semiconductors can be electronically doped with high precision. Conversely, there is still conjecture regarding the assessment of the electronic doping density in metal-halide perovskites, not to mention of a control thereof. This paper presents a multifaceted approach to determine the electronic doping density for a range of different lead-halide perovskite systems. Optical and electrical characterization techniques, comprising intensity-dependent and transient photoluminescence, AC Hall effect, transfer-length-methods, and charge extraction measurements were instrumental in quantifying an upper limit for the doping density. The obtained values are subsequently compared to the electrode charge per cell volume under short-circuit conditions (C U bi/e V), which amounts to roughly 1016 cm-3. This figure of merit represents the critical limit below which doping-induced charges do not influence the device performance. The experimental results consistently demonstrate that the doping density is below this critical threshold (∼1012 cm-3, which means ≪ C U bi/e V) for all common lead-based metal-halide perovskites. Nevertheless, although the density of doping-induced charges is too low to redistribute the built-in voltage in the perovskite active layer, mobile ions are present in sufficient quantities to create space-charge-regions in the active layer, reminiscent of doped pn-junctions. These results are well supported by drift-diffusion simulations, which confirm that the device performance is not affected by such low doping densities.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

How to cite

APA:

Peña-Camargo, F., Thiesbrummel, J., Hempel, H., Musiienko, A., Le Corre, V.M., Diekmann, J.,... Stolterfoht, M. (2022). Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance. Applied Physics Reviews, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0085286

MLA:

Peña-Camargo, Francisco, et al. "Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance." Applied Physics Reviews 9.2 (2022).

BibTeX: Download