Immune response in COVID-19: what is next?

Li Q, Wang Y, Sun Q, Knopf J, Herrmann M, Lin L, Jiang J, Shao C, Li P, He X, Hua F, Niu Z, Ma C, Zhu Y, Ippolito G, Piacentini M, Estaquier J, Melino S, Weiss FD, Andreano E, Latz E, Schultze JL, Rappuoli R, Mantovani A, Mak TW, Melino G, Shi Y (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Cell Death and Differentiation Nature Publishing Group: Open Access Hybrid Model Option B

DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01015-x

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic for more than 2 years and it still impacts our daily lifestyle and quality in unprecedented ways. A better understanding of immunity and its regulation in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is urgently needed. Based on the current literature, we review here the various virus mutations and the evolving disease manifestations along with the alterations of immune responses with specific focuses on the innate immune response, neutrophil extracellular traps, humoral immunity, and cellular immunity. Different types of vaccines were compared and analyzed based on their unique properties to elicit specific immunity. Various therapeutic strategies such as antibody, anti-viral medications and inflammation control were discussed. We predict that with the available and continuously emerging new technologies, more powerful vaccines and administration schedules, more effective medications and better public health measures, the COVID-19 pandemic will be under control in the near future.

Authors with CRIS profile

Jasmin Knopf Einrichtungen, die zum Universitätsklinikum Erlangen gehören Martin Herrmann Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology

Involved external institutions

Soochow University, Suzhou / 苏州大学 CN China (CN) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) / 中国科学院 CN China (CN) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) CN China (CN) Ministry of Health, State of Israel IL Israel (IL) Università degli Studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata' IT Italy (IT) University of Paris 4 - Paris-Sorbonne / Université paris IV Paris-Sorbonne FR France (FR) Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn DE Germany (DE) GlaxoSmithKline plc. (GSK) GB United Kingdom (GB) Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) DE Germany (DE) Istituto Clinico Humanitas IT Italy (IT) University Health Network (UHN) CA Canada (CA)

How to cite

APA:

Li, Q., Wang, Y., Sun, Q., Knopf, J., Herrmann, M., Lin, L.,... Shi, Y. (2022). Immune response in COVID-19: what is next? Cell Death and Differentiation. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-022-01015-x

MLA:

Li, Qing, et al. "Immune response in COVID-19: what is next?" Cell Death and Differentiation (2022).

BibTeX: Download