Cervical Lymph Node Metastases from Central Nervous System Tumors: A Systematic Review

Coca-Pelaz A, Bishop JA, Zidar N, Agaimy A, Mello Santiago Gebrim EM, Mondin V, Cohen O, Strojan P, Rinaldo A, Shaha AR, De Bree R, Hamoir M, Makitie AA, Kowalski LP, Saba NF, Ferlito A (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Cancer Management and Research Dove Medical Press

Book Volume: 14

Pages Range: 1099-1111

DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S348102

Abstract

Introduction: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) from primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) is an infrequent condition, and classically it was thought that CNS tumors could not spread via the lymphatic route. Recent discoveries about this route of dissemination make its knowledge necessary for surgeons and pathologists to avoid delays in diagnosis and unnecessary treatments. The aim of this paper is to review the literature and to discuss the relevant pathogenetic mechanism and the cytologic features along with recommendations for surgical treatment of these cervical LNM. Materials and Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 1944 to 2021, updating the comprehensive review published in 2010 by our group. Results: Our review includes data of 143 articles obtaining 174 patients with LNM from a primary CNS tumor. The mean age of the patients was 31.9 years (range, 0.1-87) and there were 61 females (35.1%) and 103 males (59.2%), and in 10 cases (5.7%) the gender was not specified. The more frequent sites of distant metastasis were bones (23%), lungs (11.5%) and non-cervical lymph nodes (11%). Conclusion: Cervical LNM from CNS tumors is infrequent. Pathologic diagnosis can be obtained by fine-needle aspiration cytology in most cases, giving surgeons the option to plan the appropriate surgical treatment. Given the poor prognosis of these cases, the most conservative possible cervical dissection is usually the treatment of choice.

Authors with CRIS profile

Abbas Agaimy Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie

Involved external institutions

Universidad de Oviedo ES Spain (ES) University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern) US United States (USA) (US) University of Ljubljana (UL) / Univerza v Ljubljani SI Slovenia (SI) Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR) MX Mexico (MX) Policlinico Città di Udine IT Italy (IT) Institute for Oncology Ljubljana (OIL) SI Slovenia (SI) University of Udine / Università degli Studi di Udine IT Italy (IT) Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center US United States (USA) (US) University Medical Centre Utrecht (UMC Utrecht) NL Netherlands (NL) Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) BE Belgium (BE) Helsingin yliopisto / University of Helsinki FI Finland (FI) University of São Paulo / Universidade de São Paulo (USP) BR Brazil (BR) Emory University US United States (USA) (US) International Head and Neck Scientific Group DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Coca-Pelaz, A., Bishop, J.A., Zidar, N., Agaimy, A., Mello Santiago Gebrim, E.M., Mondin, V.,... Ferlito, A. (2022). Cervical Lymph Node Metastases from Central Nervous System Tumors: A Systematic Review. Cancer Management and Research , 14, 1099-1111. https://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S348102

MLA:

Coca-Pelaz, Andres, et al. "Cervical Lymph Node Metastases from Central Nervous System Tumors: A Systematic Review." Cancer Management and Research 14 (2022): 1099-1111.

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