Prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure in North-Western Tanzania
Henerico S, Mikasi SG, Kalluvya SE, Brauner JM, Abdul S, Lyimo E, Desderius B, Korn K, van Zyl G, Jacobs GB, Preiser W, Kasang C (2022)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2022
Journal
Book Volume: 77
Pages Range: 483-491
Journal Issue: 2
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab406
Abstract
BACKGROUND: More than 15 million people in sub-Saharan Africa receive ART. Treatment failure is common, but the role of HIV drug resistance in treatment failure is largely unknown because drug resistance testing is not routinely done. This study determined the prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single high viral load of >1000 viral RNA copies/mL of plasma at any point during ART was considered as suspected virological failure. HIV-1 RNA was extracted from plasma samples of these patients using the QIAamp Viral RNA kit. The protease and part of the RT regions of the HIV pol gene were characterized. RESULTS: Viral load was determined in 317 patients; 64 (20.2%) had suspected virological failure. We successfully genotyped 56 samples; 48 (85.7%) had at least one major resistance-associated mutation (RAM). Common mutations in RT were M184V (75%), T215Y (41.1%), K103N (39.3%), M41L (32.1%), D67DN (30.3%), G190A (28.6%) and A98G (26.8%). No RAMs were detected in ART regimens based on a ritonavir-boosted PI. CONCLUSIONS: The Tanzanian national guidelines define 'virological failure' as two consecutive viral load measurement results, at 3 month intervals, above the WHO threshold (1000 copies/mL). Here, we show that a single viral load above the WHO threshold is associated with high rates of RAMs. This suggests that a single high viral load measurement could be used to predict virological failure and avoid delays in switching patients from first-line to higher genetic barrier second-line regimens.
Authors with CRIS profile
Involved external institutions
Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences - CUHAS
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
University of Stellenbosch / Universiteit van Stellenbosch
South Africa (ZA)
National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania (NIMR)
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
Fraunhofer-Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (IBMT) / Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering
Germany (DE)
University of Oxford
United Kingdom (GB)
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
University of Stellenbosch / Universiteit van Stellenbosch
South Africa (ZA)
National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania (NIMR)
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
Fraunhofer-Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (IBMT) / Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering
Germany (DE)
University of Oxford
United Kingdom (GB)
How to cite
APA:
Henerico, S., Mikasi, S.G., Kalluvya, S.E., Brauner, J.M., Abdul, S., Lyimo, E.,... Kasang, C. (2022). Prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure in North-Western Tanzania. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 77(2), 483-491. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab406
MLA:
Henerico, Shimba, et al. "Prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure in North-Western Tanzania." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 77.2 (2022): 483-491.
BibTeX: Download