Epidemiological and spatial characteristics of interpersonal physical violence in a Brazilian city: A comparative study of violent injury hotspots in familial versus non-familial settings, 2012-2014

Barbosa KGN, Walker B, Schuurman N, Cavalcanti SDLB, Ferreira e Ferreira E, Ferreira RC (2019)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2019

Journal

PLoS ONE Public Library of Science

Publisher: Public Library of Science

Book Volume: 14

Pages Range: 1-19

Journal Issue: 1

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208304

Abstract

This study explores both epidemiological and spatial characteristics of domestic and community interpersonal violence. We evaluated three years of violent trauma data in the medium-sized city of Campina Grande in North-Eastern Brazil. 3559 medical and police records were analysed and 2563 cases were included to identify socioeconomic and geographic patterns. The associations between sociodemographic, temporal, and incident characteristics and domestic violence were evaluated using logistic regression. Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS), we mapped victims’ household addresses to identify spatial patterns. We observed a higher incidence of domestic violence among female, divorced, or co-habitant persons when the violent event was perpetrated by males. There was only a minor chance of occurrence of domestic violence involving firearms. 8 out of 10 victims of domestic violence were women and the female/male ratio was 3.3 times greater than that of community violence (violence not occurring in the home). Unmarried couples were twice as likely to have a victim in the family unit (OR = 2.03), compared to married couples. Seven geographical hotspots were identified. The greatest density of hotspots was found in the East side of the study area and was spatially coincident with the lowest average family income. Aggressor sex, marital status, and mechanism of injury were most associated with domestic violence, and low-income neighbourhoods were coincident with both domestic and non-domestic violence hotspots. These results provide further evidence that economic poverty may play a significant role in interpersonal, and particularly domestic violence.

Authors with CRIS profile

Blake Walker Professur für Geographie (Digitale Geographie / Kulturgeographie)

Involved external institutions

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) BR Brazil (BR) Universidade Federal da Paraíba BR Brazil (BR) Simon Fraser University CA Canada (CA)

How to cite

APA:

Barbosa, K.G.N., Walker, B., Schuurman, N., Cavalcanti, S.D.L.B., Ferreira e Ferreira, E., & Ferreira, R.C. (2019). Epidemiological and spatial characteristics of interpersonal physical violence in a Brazilian city: A comparative study of violent injury hotspots in familial versus non-familial settings, 2012-2014. PLoS ONE, 14(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208304

MLA:

Barbosa, Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega, et al. "Epidemiological and spatial characteristics of interpersonal physical violence in a Brazilian city: A comparative study of violent injury hotspots in familial versus non-familial settings, 2012-2014." PLoS ONE 14.1 (2019): 1-19.

BibTeX: Download