Herglotz C, Och H, Meyer A, Ramasubbu G, Eichermüller L, Kränzler M, Brand F, Fischer K, Nguyen DT, Regensky A, Kaup A (2024)
Publication Language: English
Publication Type: Journal article, Original article
Publication year: 2024
Book Volume: 33
Pages Range: 987 - 1001
Open Access Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12852
In this paper, we provide an in-depth assessment on the Bjøntegaard Delta. We construct a large data set of video compression performance comparisons using a diverse set of metrics including PSNR, VMAF, bitrate, and processing energies. These metrics are evaluated for visual data types such as classic perspective video, 360° video, point clouds, and screen content. As compression technology, we consider multiple hybrid video codecs as well as state-of-the-art neural network based compression methods. Using additional supporting points inbetween standard points defined by parameters such as the quantization parameter, we assess the interpolation error of the Bjøntegaard-Delta (BD) calculus and its impact on the final BD value. From the analysis, we find that the BD calculus is most accurate in the standard application of rate-distortion comparisons with mean errors below 0.5 percentage points. For other applications and special cases, e.g., VMAF quality, energy considerations, or inter-codec comparisons, the errors are higher (up to 5 percentage points), but can be halved by using a higher number of supporting points. We finally come up with recommendations on how to use the BD calculus such that the validity of the resulting BD-values is maximized. Main recommendations are as follows: First, relative curve differences should be plotted and analyzed. Second, the logarithmic domain should be used for saturating metrics such as SSIM and VMAF. Third, BD values below a certain threshold indicated by the subset error should not be used to draw recommendations. Fourth, using two supporting points is sufficient to obtain rough performance estimates.
APA:
Herglotz, C., Och, H., Meyer, A., Ramasubbu, G., Eichermüller, L., Kränzler, M.,... Kaup, A. (2024). The Bjøntegaard Bible - Why your Way of Comparing Video Codecs May Be Wrong. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 33, 987 - 1001. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2023.3346695
MLA:
Herglotz, Christian, et al. "The Bjøntegaard Bible - Why your Way of Comparing Video Codecs May Be Wrong." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 33 (2024): 987 - 1001.
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