Impact of Microbiome–Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Stolzer I, Scherer E, Süß P, Rothhammer V, Winner B, Neurath M, Günther C (2023)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2023

Journal

International Journal of Molecular Sciences MDPI

Book Volume: 24

Article Number: 14925

Journal Issue: 19

DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914925

Abstract

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the development and progression of various immune-mediated diseases affecting both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This complex interplay between the microbiota, the gut, and the CNS is referred to as the gut–brain axis. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years, and evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contribute to disease development and progression. Clinical studies have shown alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, changes within the microbial community have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Microbiota–gut–brain communication can impact neurodegenerative diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of immune function, the production of microbial metabolites, as well as modulation of host-derived soluble factors. This review describes the current literature on the gut–brain axis and highlights novel communication systems that allow cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host that might influence the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.

Authors with CRIS profile

Iris Stolzer Department of Medicine 1 – Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology Patrick Süß Department of Neurology Veit Rothhammer Heisenbergprofessur für Neuroimmunologie Beate Winner Professur für Stammzell-Modelle seltener neuraler Erkrankungen Markus Neurath Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin I (Medizin 1) Claudia Günther Department of Medicine 1 – Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology

How to cite

APA:

Stolzer, I., Scherer, E., Süß, P., Rothhammer, V., Winner, B., Neurath, M., & Günther, C. (2023). Impact of Microbiome–Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914925

MLA:

Stolzer, Iris, et al. "Impact of Microbiome–Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.19 (2023).

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