Polyethylenimine Increases Antibacterial Efficiency of Chlorophyllin

Akif FA, Mahmoud M, Prasad B, Richter P, Azizullah A, Qasim M, Anees M, Krueger M, Gastiger S, Burkovski A, Strauch SM, Lebert M (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Book Volume: 11

Article Number: 1371

Journal Issue: 10

DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101371

Abstract

Polyethylenimines (PEIs), a group of polycationic molecules, are known to impair the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and exhibit antimicrobial activity. The outer membrane of Gram-negative strains hinders the uptake of photosensitizer chlorophyllin. In this study, we report chlorophyllin and branched PEI combinations’ activity against Escherichia coli strains DH5α and RB791, Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium LT2, and Bacillus subtilis 168. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by plating cells treated with different concentrations of PEI and chlorophyllin on agar and monitoring their growth after 24 h. All tested combinations of PEI and chlorophyllin were lethal for S. enterica after 240 min of incubation in light, whereas PEI alone (<100 µg mL⁻¹) was ineffective. In the darkness, complete inhibition was noted with a combination of ≥2.5 µg mL⁻¹ chlorophyllin and 50 µg mL⁻¹ PEI. If applied alone, PEI alone of ≥800 µg mL⁻¹ of PEI was required to completely inactivate E. coli DH5α cells in light, whereas with ≥5 µg mL⁻¹ chlorophyllin, only ≥100 µg mL⁻¹ PEI was needed. No effect was detected in darkness with PEI alone. However, 1600 µg mL⁻¹ PEI in combination with 2.5 µg mL⁻¹ resulted in complete inactivation after 4 h dark incubation. PEI alone did not inhibit E. coli strain RB791, while cells were inactivated when treated with 10 µg mL⁻¹ chlorophyllin in combination with ≥100 µg mL⁻¹ (in light) or ≥800 µg mL⁻¹ PEI (in darkness). Under illumination, B. subtilis was inactivated at all tested concentrations. In the darkness, 1 µg mL⁻¹ chlorophyllin and 12.5 µg mL⁻¹ PEI were lethal for B. subtilis. Overall, PEI can be used as an antimicrobial agent or potentiating agent for ameliorating the antimicrobial activity of chlorophyllin.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

Kohat University of Science & Technology Pakistan (PK) Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Germany (DE) Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE) Brazil (BR)

How to cite

APA:

Akif, F.A., Mahmoud, M., Prasad, B., Richter, P., Azizullah, A., Qasim, M.,... Lebert, M. (2022). Polyethylenimine Increases Antibacterial Efficiency of Chlorophyllin. Antibiotics, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101371

MLA:

Akif, Faheem Ahmad, et al. "Polyethylenimine Increases Antibacterial Efficiency of Chlorophyllin." Antibiotics 11.10 (2022).

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