Phanerozoic parasitism and marine metazoan diversity: dilution versus amplification

de Baets K, Huntley JW, Scarponi D, Klompmaker AA, Skawina A (2021)

Publication Language: English

Publication Type: Journal article, Original article

Publication year: 2021

Journal

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences Royal Society, The

Original Authors: Kenneth De Baets, John Warren Huntley, Daniele Scarponi, Adiël A. Klompmaker, Aleksandra Skawina

Book Volume: 376

Pages Range: 20200366

Issue: 1837

URI: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2020.0366

DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0366

Open Access Link: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2020.0366

Abstract

Growing evidence suggests that biodiversity mediates parasite prevalence. We have compiled the first global database on occurrences and prevalence of marine parasitism throughout the Phanerozoic and assess the relationship with biodiversity to test if there is support for amplification or dilution of parasitism at the macroevolutionary scale. Median prevalence values by era are 5% for the Paleozoic, 4% for the Mesozoic, and a significant increase to 10% for the Cenozoic. We calculated period-level shareholder quorum sub-sampled (SQS) estimates of mean sampled diversity, three-timer (3T) origination rates, and 3T extinction rates for the most abundant host clades in the Paleobiology Database to compare to both occurrences of parasitism and the more informative parasite prevalence values. Generalized linear models (GLMs) of parasite occurrences and SQS diversity measures support both the amplification (all taxa pooled, crinoids and blastoids, and molluscs) and dilution hypotheses (arthropods, cnidarians, and bivalves). GLMs of prevalence and SQS diversity measures support the amplification hypothesis (all taxa pooled and molluscs). Though likely scale-dependent, parasitism has increased through the Phanerozoic and clear patterns primarily support the amplification of parasitism with biodiversity in the history of life.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Infectious disease macroecology: parasite diversity and dynamics across the globe’.

Authors with CRIS profile

Kenneth de Baets Lehrstuhl für Paläoumwelt

Additional Organisation(s)

Geozentrum Nordbayern Lehrstuhl für Paläoumwelt

Related research project(s)

Constraining the deep origin of metazoan parasitism through integration of Evolutionary Parasitology and Molecular Paleobiology Jan. 1, 2017 - Dec. 31, 2017

Involved external institutions

University of Warsaw / Uniwersytet Warszawski PL Poland (PL) The University of Alabama US United States (USA) (US) University of Missouri-Columbia (Mizzou) US United States (USA) (US) University of Bologna / Università di Bologna IT Italy (IT)

How to cite

APA:

de Baets, K., Huntley, J.W., Scarponi, D., Klompmaker, A.A., & Skawina, A. (2021). Phanerozoic parasitism and marine metazoan diversity: dilution versus amplification. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 376, 20200366. https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0366

MLA:

de Baets, Kenneth, et al. "Phanerozoic parasitism and marine metazoan diversity: dilution versus amplification." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 376 (2021): 20200366.

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