Stock M, Schett G (2021)
Publication Type: Journal article, Review article
Publication year: 2021
Book Volume: 22
Article Number: 9328
Journal Issue: 17
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179328
Vitamin K and Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) are best known for their pivotal role in blood coagulation. Of the 14 VKPDs identified in humans to date, 6 play also important roles in skeletal biology and disease. Thus, osteocalcin, also termed bone Gla-protein, is the most abundant non-collagenous protein in bone. Matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP on the other hand are highly abundant in cartilage. Furthermore, periostin, protein S, and growth arrest specific 6 protein (GAS 6) are expressed in skeletal tissues. The roles for these VKDPs are diverse but include the control of calcification and turnover of bone and cartilage. Vitamin K plays an important role in osteoporosis and serum osteocalcin levels are recognized as a promising marker for osteoporosis. On the other hand, matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP are associated with osteoarthritis. This review focuses on the roles of these three VKDPs, osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP, in skeletal development and disease but will also summarize the roles the other skeletal VKDPs (periostin, protein S and GAS6) in skeletal biology.
APA:
Stock, M., & Schett, G. (2021). Vitamin k-dependent proteins in skeletal development and disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(17). https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179328
MLA:
Stock, Michael, and Georg Schett. "Vitamin k-dependent proteins in skeletal development and disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22.17 (2021).
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