Patients with COVID-19: in the dark-NETs of neutrophils

Ackermann M, Anders HJ, Bilyy R, Bowlin GL, Daniel C, De Lorenzo R, Egeblad M, Henneck T, Hidalgo A, Hoffmann M, Hohberger B, Kanthi Y, Kaplan MJ, Knight JS, Knopf J, Kolaczkowska E, Kubes P, Leppkes M, Mahajan A, Manfredi AA, Maueroeder C, Maugeri N, Mitroulis I, Munoz LE, Narasaraju T, Naschberger E, Neeli I, Ng LG, Radic MZ, Ritis K, Rovere-Querini P, Schapher M, Simon HU, Singh J, Skendros P, Stark K, Stürzl M, Van Der Vlag J, Vandenabeele P, Vitkov L, Von Koeckritz-Blickwede M, Yanginlar C, Yousefi S, Zarbock A, Schett G, Herrmann M, Schauer C (2021)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2021

Journal

Cell Death and Differentiation Nature Publishing Group: Open Access Hybrid Model Option B

DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00805-z

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a major threat to the lungs and multiple other organs, occasionally causing death. Until effective vaccines are developed to curb the pandemic, it is paramount to define the mechanisms and develop protective therapies to prevent organ dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. Individuals that develop severe manifestations have signs of dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses. Emerging evidence implicates neutrophils and the disbalance between neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and degradation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of inflammation, coagulopathy, organ damage, and immunothrombosis that characterize severe cases of COVID-19. Here, we discuss the evidence supporting a role for NETs in COVID-19 manifestations and present putative mechanisms, by which NETs promote tissue injury and immunothrombosis. We present therapeutic strategies, which have been successful in the treatment of immunο-inflammatory disorders and which target dysregulated NET formation or degradation, as potential approaches that may benefit patients with severe COVID-19.

Authors with CRIS profile

Christoph Daniel Department of Nephropathology Markus Hoffmann Medizinische Fakultät Bettina Hohberger Department of Ophthalmology Jasmin Knopf Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology Moritz Leppkes Department of Medicine 1 – Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology Aparna Mahajan Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology Luis Munoz Becerra Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology Elisabeth Naschberger Medizinische Fakultät Mirco Schapher Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Jeeshan Singh Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology Michael Stürzl Professur für Molekulare und Experimentelle Chirurgie Georg Schett Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin III Martin Herrmann Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology Christine Schauer Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology

Involved external institutions

Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) SG Singapore (SG) Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński (UJ) PL Poland (PL) Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (UniSR) IT Italy (IT) University of Memphis US United States (USA) (US) Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research / Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) ES Spain (ES) University of Calgary CA Canada (CA) Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH) / Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης GR Greece (GR) Universitätsklinikum Münster DE Germany (DE) Universität Bern CH Switzerland (CH) Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover (TiHo) DE Germany (DE) Radboud University Nijmegen NL Netherlands (NL) VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research BE Belgium (BE) Universität Salzburg (Paris Lodron Universität Salzburg) AT Austria (AT) Klinikum der Universität München (Großhadern und Innenstadt) DE Germany (DE) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) DE Germany (DE) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory US United States (USA) (US) US National Institutes of Health (NIH) US United States (USA) (US) Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University / Львiвський Національний Медичний Унiверситет iм. Данила Галицького UA Ukraine (UA) University of Tennessee (UTK) US United States (USA) (US) University of Michigan US United States (USA) (US) Oklahoma State University US United States (USA) (US) Universität Witten/Herdecke DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Ackermann, M., Anders, H.-J., Bilyy, R., Bowlin, G.L., Daniel, C., De Lorenzo, R.,... Schauer, C. (2021). Patients with COVID-19: in the dark-NETs of neutrophils. Cell Death and Differentiation. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41418-021-00805-z

MLA:

Ackermann, Maximilian, et al. "Patients with COVID-19: in the dark-NETs of neutrophils." Cell Death and Differentiation (2021).

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