The key role of extinction learning in anxiety disorders: Behavioral strategies to enhance exposure-based treatments
Pittig A, Van Den Berg L, Vervliet B (2016)
Publication Type: Journal article, Review article
Publication year: 2016
Journal
Book Volume: 29
Pages Range: 39-47
Journal Issue: 1
DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000220
Abstract
Purpose of review Extinction learning is a major mechanism for fear reduction by means of exposure. Current research targets innovative strategies to enhance fear extinction and thereby optimize exposure-based treatments for anxiety disorders. This selective review updates novel behavioral strategies that may provide cutting-edge clinical implications. Recent findings Recent studies provide further support for two types of enhancement strategies. Procedural enhancement strategies implemented during extinction training translate to how exposure exercises may be conducted to optimize fear extinction. These strategies mostly focus on a maximized violation of dysfunctional threat expectancies and on reducing context and stimulus specificity of extinction learning. Flanking enhancement strategies target periods before and after extinction training and inform optimal preparation and postprocessing of exposure exercises. These flanking strategies focus on the enhancement of learning in general, memory (re-)consolidation, and memory retrieval. Summary Behavioral strategies to enhance fear extinction may provide powerful clinical applications to further maximize the efficacy of exposure-based interventions. However, future replications, mechanistic examinations, and translational studies are warranted to verify long-term effects and naturalistic utility. Future directions also comprise the interplay of optimized fear extinction with (avoidance) behavior and motivational antecedents of exposure.
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APA:
Pittig, A., Van Den Berg, L., & Vervliet, B. (2016). The key role of extinction learning in anxiety disorders: Behavioral strategies to enhance exposure-based treatments. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 29(1), 39-47. https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000220
MLA:
Pittig, Andre, Linda Van Den Berg, and Bram Vervliet. "The key role of extinction learning in anxiety disorders: Behavioral strategies to enhance exposure-based treatments." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 29.1 (2016): 39-47.
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