In‐situ Observation of γ' Phase Transformation Dynamics during Selective Laser Melting of CMSX‐4

Wahlmann B, Krohmer E, Breuning C, Schell N, Staron P, Uhlmann E, Körner C (2021)

Publication Language: English

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2021

Journal

Advanced Engineering Materials Wiley

DOI: 10.1002/adem.202100112

Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) of superalloys has been attracting increasing interest. While most studies focus on the processability and mechanical properties of the finished product, it is also necessary to understand the phase transformations during the consecutive melting processes. In this study, the precipitation and dissolution of the γ′ phase in the Ni‐base superalloy CMSX–4 in a selective laser melting process is reported. These phase transformations are studied in‐situ by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) during AM. Concurrent wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) provides information on the evolution of lattice parameters and temperature during the process. Additional thermal and thermodynamic simulations were peformed to support the experiments. The investigations were focused on the influence of different beam scanning strategies as well as the effect of laser power and scanning speed on the phase transformation dynamics. Due to the high cooling and heating rates inherent to AM, phase transformations occurred far off‐equilibrium. Both precipitation and dissolution of γ′ phase were observed. The scan strategies are shown to have a considerable effect on the phase transformation dynamics, which exceeded the impact of the beam parameters. The study demonstrates the capability of combined SAXS and WAXS for the in‐situ study of phase transformations in AM processes.

Authors with CRIS profile

Benjamin Wahlmann Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Werkstoffkunde und Technologie der Metalle) Christoph Breuning Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Werkstoffkunde und Technologie der Metalle) Carolin Körner Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Werkstoffkunde und Technologie der Metalle)

Involved external institutions

Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH (HZG) DE Germany (DE) Technische Universität Berlin DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Wahlmann, B., Krohmer, E., Breuning, C., Schell, N., Staron, P., Uhlmann, E., & Körner, C. (2021). In‐situ Observation of γ' Phase Transformation Dynamics during Selective Laser Melting of CMSX‐4. Advanced Engineering Materials. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.202100112

MLA:

Wahlmann, Benjamin, et al. "In‐situ Observation of γ' Phase Transformation Dynamics during Selective Laser Melting of CMSX‐4." Advanced Engineering Materials (2021).

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