Formation of Die Soldering and the Influence of Alloying Elements on the Intermetallic Interface

Kohlhepp M, Uggowitzer PJ, Hummel M, Höppel HW (2021)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2021

Journal

Materials MDPI

Original Authors: Marius Kohlhepp, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Marc Hummel, Heinz Werner Höppel

Book Volume: 14

Pages Range: 1580

Issue: 7

DOI: 10.3390/ma14071580

Open Access Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/7/1580

Abstract

Die soldering of die castings is a serious problem in the aluminum casting industry. The precise mechanism, the influence of the alloy composition, and the options for prevention have not yet been fully elaborated. A well-established solution for alloys with low iron content is the addition of manganese. However, up to 0.8 wt.% is necessary, which increases the amount of brittle phases in the material and consequently reduces ductility. Immersion tests with 1.2343 tool steel and pure aluminum as well as a hypoeutectic AlSi-alloy with Mn, Mo, Co, and Cr additions were carried out to systematically investigate the formation of die soldering. Three different intermetallic layers and a scattered granular intermetallic phase formed at the interface between steel and Al-alloy after immersion into the melt for a duration of 6 min at 710 °C. The combined presence of the irregular, needle-shaped β-Al5FeSi phase and the surrounding alloy was responsible for the bond between the two components. Mn and Mo inhibited the formation of the β-phase, and instead promoted the αC-Al15(Fe,X)3Si2 phase. This led to an evenly running boundary to the AlSi-alloy and thus prevented bonding. Cr has proven to be the most efficient addition against die soldering, with 0.2 wt.% being sufficient. Contrary to the other elements investigated, Cr also reduced the thickness of the intermetallic interface.

Authors with CRIS profile

Marius Kohlhepp Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Allgemeine Werkstoffeigenschaften) Heinz Werner Höppel Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Allgemeine Werkstoffeigenschaften)

Additional Organisation(s)

Lehrstuhl für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Allgemeine Werkstoffeigenschaften)

Involved external institutions

Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) / Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich CH Switzerland (CH) Audi AG DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Kohlhepp, M., Uggowitzer, P.J., Hummel, M., & Höppel, H.W. (2021). Formation of Die Soldering and the Influence of Alloying Elements on the Intermetallic Interface. Materials, 14, 1580. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071580

MLA:

Kohlhepp, Marius, et al. "Formation of Die Soldering and the Influence of Alloying Elements on the Intermetallic Interface." Materials 14 (2021): 1580.

BibTeX: Download