The helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system encoded by the cag pathogenicity Island: Architecture, function, and signaling

Backert S, Haas R, Gerhard M, Naumann M (2017)

Publication Type: Book chapter / Article in edited volumes

Publication year: 2017

Journal

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology Springer Verlag Kg

Publisher: Springer Verlag

Edited Volumes: Type IV Secretion in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

City/Town: Cham

Book Volume: 413

Pages Range: 187-220

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75241-9_8

Abstract

Various gram-negative pathogens express type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) which translocate bacterial virulence factors into host target cells to hijack cellular processes for their own benefit and causing disease. The pathology of Helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer in humans, strongly depends on a T4SS encoded by the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI). This T4SS represents a pilus-like structure and a membrane-spanning complex. T4SS assembly is achieved by various protein–protein interactions and several pilus-associated components (CagL, CagI, CagY, and CagA) that allow docking to the host cell integrin member α 5 β 1 followed by delivery of its major effector protein, CagA, across the host cell membrane. In addition, recent studies have shown that H. pylori exploits human CEACAM receptors via the adhesin HopQ, encoded outside of the cagPAI, for bacterial adherence and translocation of CagA. Here, we review the composition and assembly of the H. pylori T4SS and its fundamental role in the infection process. We discuss major CagA-dependent and CagA-independent signaling events by the T4SS in vitro and in animal models in vivo, which include the induction of cytoskeletal rearrangements, membrane dynamics, disturbance of cell polarity as well as transcriptional responses involved in inflammation, cell proliferation, and anti-apoptosis. The contribution of these signaling cascades to H. pylori colonization, and pathogenesis is reviewed.

Authors with CRIS profile

Steffen Backert Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie

Involved external institutions

Technische Universität München (TUM) DE Germany (DE) Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg DE Germany (DE) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Backert, S., Haas, R., Gerhard, M., & Naumann, M. (2017). The helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system encoded by the cag pathogenicity Island: Architecture, function, and signaling. In Steffen Backert, Elisabeth Grohmann (Eds.), Type IV Secretion in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria. (pp. 187-220). Cham: Springer Verlag.

MLA:

Backert, Steffen, et al. "The helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system encoded by the cag pathogenicity Island: Architecture, function, and signaling." Type IV Secretion in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria. Ed. Steffen Backert, Elisabeth Grohmann, Cham: Springer Verlag, 2017. 187-220.

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