Detecting cosmic rays with the LOFAR radio telescope

Schellart P, Nelles A, Buitink S, Corstanje A, Enriquez JE, Falcke H, Frieswijk W, Horandel JR, Horneffer A, James C, Krause M, Mevius M, Scholten O, Ter Veen S, Thoudam S, Van Den Akker M, Alexov A, Anderson J, Avruch IM, Bahren L, Beck R, Bell ME, Bennema P, Bentum MJ, Bernardi G, Best P, Bregman J, Breitling F, Brentjens M, Broderick J, Brueggen M, Ciardi B, Coolen A, De Gasperin F, De Geus E, De Jong A, De Vos M, Duscha S, Eisloeffel J, Fallows RA, Ferrari C, Garrett MA, Griessmeier J, Grit T, Hamaker JP, Hassall TE, Heald G, Hessels JWT, Hoeft M, Holties HA, Iacobelli M, Juette E, Karastergiou A, Klijn W, Kohler J, Kondratiev VI, Kramer M, Kuniyoshi M, Kuper G, Maat P, Macario G, Mann G, Markoff S, Mckay-Bukowski D, Mckean JP, Miller-Jones JCA, Mol JD, Mulcahy DD, Munk H, Nijboer R, Norden MJ, Orru E, Overeem R, Paas H, Pandey-Pommier M, Pizzo R, Polatidis AG, Renting A, Romein JW, Rottgering H, Schoenmakers A, Schwarz D, Sluman J, Smirnov O, Sobey C, Stappers BW, Steinmetz M, Swinbank J, Tang Y, Tasse C, Toribio C, Van Leeuwen J, Van Nieuwpoort R, Van Weeren RJ, Vermaas N, Vermeulen R, Vocks C, Vogt C, Wijers RAMJ, Wijnholds SJ, Wise MW, Wucknitz O, Yatawatta S, Zarka P, Zensus A (2013)

Publication Status: Published

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2013

Journal

Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A

Book Volume: 560

Article Number: ARTN A98

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322683

Abstract

The low frequency array (LOFAR), is the first radio telescope designed with the capability to measure radio emission from cosmic-ray induced air showers in parallel with interferometric observations. In the first similar to 2 years of observing, 405 cosmic-ray events in the energy range of 10(16)-10(18) eV have been detected in the band from 30-80 MHz. Each of these air showers is registered with up to similar to 1000 independent antennas resulting in measurements of the radio emission with unprecedented detail. This article describes the dataset, as well as the analysis pipeline, and serves as a reference for future papers based on these data. All steps necessary to achieve a full reconstruction of the electric field at every antenna position are explained, including removal of radio frequency interference, correcting for the antenna response and identification of the pulsed signal.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

University of Amsterdam Netherlands (NL) University of Groningen / Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Netherlands (NL) Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg (TLS) - Karl-Schwarzschild-Observatorium Germany (DE) Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Netherlands (NL) Leiden University Netherlands (NL) Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie / Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Germany (DE) Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands (NL) Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam / Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam Germany (DE) Rhodes University South Africa (ZA) Universität Hamburg (UHH) Germany (DE) University of Edinburgh United Kingdom (GB) Netherlands Institute for Space Research / Stichting Ruimteonderzoek Nederland (SRON) Netherlands (NL) University of Oxford United Kingdom (GB) Rutherford Appleton Laboratory United Kingdom (GB) PSL Research University / Université de recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres France (FR) University of Manchester United Kingdom (GB) Harvard University United States (USA) (US) National Center for Scientific Research / Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) France (FR) Observatoire de Lyon France (FR) Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut, MPP) / Max Planck Institute for Physics Germany (DE) Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) Germany (DE) University of Nice Sophia Antipolis / Université Nice Sophia Antipolis France (FR) Universität Bielefeld Germany (DE) University of Southampton United Kingdom (GB) University of Sydney (USYD) Australia (AU)

How to cite

APA:

Schellart, P., Nelles, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H.,... Zensus, A. (2013). Detecting cosmic rays with the LOFAR radio telescope. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 560. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322683

MLA:

Schellart, Pim, et al. "Detecting cosmic rays with the LOFAR radio telescope." Astronomy & Astrophysics 560 (2013).

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