The influence of gallium on phase transitions during the crystallisation of thin film absorber materials Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)(2) investigated by in-situ X-ray diffraction

Hölzing A, Schurr R, Jost S, Palm J, Deseler K, Wellmann P, Hock R (2011)


Publication Language: English

Publication Status: Published

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2011

Journal

Publisher: Elsevier

Book Volume: 519

Pages Range: 7197-7200

Journal Issue: 21

DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2010.12.138

Abstract

Chalcopyrite based photovoltaic materials Cu(InxGa1-x)(SySe1-y)(2) (CIGSSe) are substituted in the cation and anion lattice to adopt the semiconductor bandgap to the terrestrial solar spectrum. In-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations on the crystallisation of thin film absorber materials Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)(2) while annealing stacked elemental layers (SEL) show phase transitions proceeding during the chalcopyrite synthesis. Thin layers of metals with elemental ratio Cu:In:Ga = 3:2:1 are deposited onto Mo-coated polyimide foil by DC-magnetron sputtering. The metal precursor is covered with S and subsequently Se by thermal evaporation of the elements in chalcogen excess (S + Se)/(Cu + In + Ga) = 23. Investigated chalcogen ratios reach from pure Se to pure S. Crystalline phases formed during the annealing of SEL are qualitatively determined. The results are compared to conclusions drawn from previous experiments on Ga-free CuIn(S,Se)(2) absorbers. The presence of Ga and S influences significantly the time-scale and the temperatures of phase transitions, i.e. the sulfoselenisation of precursor phases Cu-16(In,Ga)(9) and Cu-9(Ga,In)(4) proceeds faster with increasing S and is shifted to higher temperatures as compared to Ga-free Cu11In9/Cu16In9. (C) 2011 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.

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APA:

Hölzing, A., Schurr, R., Jost, S., Palm, J., Deseler, K., Wellmann, P., & Hock, R. (2011). The influence of gallium on phase transitions during the crystallisation of thin film absorber materials Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)(2) investigated by in-situ X-ray diffraction. Thin Solid Films, 519(21), 7197-7200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.12.138

MLA:

Hölzing, Astrid, et al. "The influence of gallium on phase transitions during the crystallisation of thin film absorber materials Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)(2) investigated by in-situ X-ray diffraction." Thin Solid Films 519.21 (2011): 7197-7200.

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