Landscape Distribution of Oldowan Stone Artifact Assemblages across the Fault Compartments of the Eastern Olduvai Lake Basin during Early Lowermost Bed II Times
Blumenschine RJ, Masao FT, Stollhofen H, Stanistreet IG, Bamford MK, Albert RM, Njau JK, Prassack KA (2012)
Publication Language: English
Publication Type: Journal article, Original article
Publication year: 2012
Journal
Publisher: Elsevier
Book Volume: 63
Pages Range: 384-394
Journal Issue: 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.05.003
Abstract
The density and composition of Oldowan stone artifact assemblages deposited during the first ca. 20,000 years of lowermost Bed II times show a recurrent pattern of variation across recognized synsedimentary faults that compartmentalized landscapes of the eastern Olduvai Lake Basin. When active, the faults created minor topographic relief. The upthrown fault footwalls accumulated assemblages with relatively high densities of artifacts, including types retaining potential usefulness, particularly volcanic flaked pieces, manuports, pounded pieces, and split cobbles. Values for these assemblage characteristics decline toward the lower-lying hangingwall of the fault compartments, accompanied by an increase in the proportionate weight of artifact assemblages comprising quartzite, particularly flaking shatter and potentially useful detached pieces. Values reverse once again at faults, either on the downthrown, hangingwall side or on the upthrown side. The patterns are stronger for the volcanic components of the artifact assemblages than for the quartzite components, reflecting the additional influence of distance from the local source on quartzite assemblage characteristics reported previously. The landscape distributions of artifact assemblages are consistent with a landscape-fault model in which minor fault-induced topographic relief at times created a mosaic of vegetation environments repeated within each of the three fault compartments of the lake margin and distal alluvial fan. The fault-compartmentalized landscape model is currently supported only by sediment thickness and facies changes across synsedimentary faults, but it provides predictions for spatial variation in the cover abundance of trees, freshwater reservoirs and associated distributions of resources and hazards associated with stone artifact use and discard that can be tested if sample sizes of key paleoenvironmental indicators are increased. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
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Involved external institutions
The State University of New Jersey (Rutgers)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Dar es Salaam
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
The University of Liverpool
United Kingdom (GB)
University of the Witwatersrand (WITS)
South Africa (ZA)
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) / University of Barcelona
Spain (ES)
University of California, Berkeley
United States (USA) (US)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Dar es Salaam
Tanzania, United Republic of (TZ)
The University of Liverpool
United Kingdom (GB)
University of the Witwatersrand (WITS)
South Africa (ZA)
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) / University of Barcelona
Spain (ES)
University of California, Berkeley
United States (USA) (US)
How to cite
APA:
Blumenschine, R.J., Masao, F.T., Stollhofen, H., Stanistreet, I.G., Bamford, M.K., Albert, R.M.,... Prassack, K.A. (2012). Landscape Distribution of Oldowan Stone Artifact Assemblages across the Fault Compartments of the Eastern Olduvai Lake Basin during Early Lowermost Bed II Times. Journal of Human Evolution, 63(2), 384-394. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.05.003
MLA:
Blumenschine, Robert J., et al. "Landscape Distribution of Oldowan Stone Artifact Assemblages across the Fault Compartments of the Eastern Olduvai Lake Basin during Early Lowermost Bed II Times." Journal of Human Evolution 63.2 (2012): 384-394.
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