Two-message, oblivious evaluation of cryptographic functionalities

Döttling N, Fleischhacker N, Krupp J, Schröder D (2016)


Publication Language: English

Publication Status: Published

Publication Type: Authored book, Volume of book series

Publication year: 2016

Publisher: Springer Verlag

Series: Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2016. CRYPTO 2016.

City/Town: Heidelberg

Book Volume: 9816

Pages Range: 619-648

ISBN: 9783662530146

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-53015-3_22

Abstract

We study the problem of two round oblivious evaluation of cryptographic functionalities. In this setting, one party P holds a private key sk for a provably secure instance of a cryptographic functionality F and the second party P wishes to evaluate F on a value x. Although it has been known for 22 years that general functionalities cannot be computed securely in the presence of malicious adversaries with only two rounds of communication, we show the existence of a round optimal protocol that obliviously evaluates cryptographic functionalities. Our protocol is provably secure against malicious receivers under standard assumptions and does not rely on heuristic (setup) assumptions. Our main technical contribution is a novel nonblack-box technique, which makes nonblack-box use of the security reduction of F. Specifically, our proof of malicious receiver security uses the code of the reduction, which reduces the security of F to some hard problem, in order to break that problem directly. Instantiating our framework, we obtain the first two-round oblivious pseudorandom function that is secure in the standard model. This question was left open since the invention of OPRFs in 1997.

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How to cite

APA:

Döttling, N., Fleischhacker, N., Krupp, J., & Schröder, D. (2016). Two-message, oblivious evaluation of cryptographic functionalities. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag.

MLA:

Döttling, Nico, et al. Two-message, oblivious evaluation of cryptographic functionalities. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 2016.

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