Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance

Peña-Camargo F, Thiesbrummel J, Hempel H, Musiienko A, Le Corre VM, Diekmann J, Warby J, Unold T, Lang F, Neher D, Stolterfoht M (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Applied Physics Reviews American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Book Volume: 9

Article Number: 021409

Journal Issue: 2

DOI: 10.1063/5.0085286

Abstract

Traditional inorganic semiconductors can be electronically doped with high precision. Conversely, there is still conjecture regarding the assessment of the electronic doping density in metal-halide perovskites, not to mention of a control thereof. This paper presents a multifaceted approach to determine the electronic doping density for a range of different lead-halide perovskite systems. Optical and electrical characterization techniques, comprising intensity-dependent and transient photoluminescence, AC Hall effect, transfer-length-methods, and charge extraction measurements were instrumental in quantifying an upper limit for the doping density. The obtained values are subsequently compared to the electrode charge per cell volume under short-circuit conditions (C U bi/e V), which amounts to roughly 1016 cm-3. This figure of merit represents the critical limit below which doping-induced charges do not influence the device performance. The experimental results consistently demonstrate that the doping density is below this critical threshold (∼1012 cm-3, which means ≪ C U bi/e V) for all common lead-based metal-halide perovskites. Nevertheless, although the density of doping-induced charges is too low to redistribute the built-in voltage in the perovskite active layer, mobile ions are present in sufficient quantities to create space-charge-regions in the active layer, reminiscent of doped pn-junctions. These results are well supported by drift-diffusion simulations, which confirm that the device performance is not affected by such low doping densities.

Authors with CRIS profile

Vincent Marc Le Corre Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET)

Involved external institutions

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) DE Germany (DE) Universität Potsdam DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Peña-Camargo, F., Thiesbrummel, J., Hempel, H., Musiienko, A., Le Corre, V.M., Diekmann, J.,... Stolterfoht, M. (2022). Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance. Applied Physics Reviews, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0085286

MLA:

Peña-Camargo, Francisco, et al. "Revealing the doping density in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device performance." Applied Physics Reviews 9.2 (2022).

BibTeX: Download