Graphene-Induced Hyperthermia (GIHT) Combined With Radiotherapy Fosters Immunogenic Cell Death
Podolska M, Shan X, Janko C, Boukherroub R, Gaipl U, Szunerits S, Frey B, Munoz LE (2021)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2021
Journal
Book Volume: 11
Article Number: 664615
Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the standard interventions for cancer patients, although cancer cells often develop radio- and/or chemoresistance. Hyperthermia reduces tumor resistance and induces immune responses resulting in a better prognosis. We have previously described a method to induce tumor cell death by local hyperthermia employing pegylated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and near infrared light (graphene-induced hyperthermia, GIHT). The spatiotemporal exposure/release of heat shock proteins (HSP), high group mobility box 1 protein (HMGB1), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are reported key inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD). We hypothesize that GIHT decisively contributes to induce ICD in irradiated melanoma B16F10 cells, especially in combination with radiotherapy. Therefore, we investigated the immunogenicity of GIHT alone or in combination with radiotherapy in melanoma B16F10 cells. Tumor cell death in vitro revealed features of apoptosis that is progressing fast into secondary necrosis. Both HSP70 and HMGB1/DNA complexes were detected 18 hours post GIHT treatment, whereas the simultaneous release of ATP and HMGB1/DNA was observed only 24 hours post combined treatment. We further confirmed the adjuvant potential of these released DAMPs by immunization/challenge experiments. The inoculation of supernatants of cells exposed to sole GIHT resulted in tumor growth at the site of inoculation. The immunization with cells exposed to sole radiotherapy rather fostered the growth of secondary tumors in vivo. Contrarily, a discreet reduction of secondary tumor volumes was observed in mice immunized with a single dose of cells and supernatants treated with the combination of GIHT and irradiation. We propose the simultaneous release of several DAMPs as a potential mechanism fostering anti-tumor immunity against previously irradiated cancer cells.
Authors with CRIS profile
Malgorzata Podolska
Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology
Xiaomei Shan
Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin III
Christina Janko
Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery
Udo Gaipl
Department of Radiation Oncology
Benjamin Frey
Department of Radiation Oncology
Luis Munoz Becerra
Department of Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology
Involved external institutions
France (FR)How to cite
APA:
Podolska, M., Shan, X., Janko, C., Boukherroub, R., Gaipl, U., Szunerits, S.,... Munoz, L.E. (2021). Graphene-Induced Hyperthermia (GIHT) Combined With Radiotherapy Fosters Immunogenic Cell Death. Frontiers in Oncology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.664615
MLA:
Podolska, Malgorzata, et al. "Graphene-Induced Hyperthermia (GIHT) Combined With Radiotherapy Fosters Immunogenic Cell Death." Frontiers in Oncology 11 (2021).
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