Metabolic effects and cardiovascular safety of an oral triple therapy of type 2 diabetes: The metformin, empagliflozin, linagliptin example
Gallwitz B, Schmieder R (2020)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2020
Journal
DOI: 10.1055/a-1197-6223
Abstract
Based on new evidence and guidelines we discuss the triple therapy of type 2 diabetes using the example of a combination of metformin, empagliflozin and linagliptin. The SGLT-2 inhibitor empagliflozin improves the combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke (MACE-3) compared to placebo and reduces the incident probability of hospitalization due to heart failure as well as overall mortality. A newly occurring or deteriorating nephropathy is also observed less frequently. The DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin lowers blood glucose and HbA 1c and has no effects on the cardiovascular endpoint MACE-3, but reduces the progression of albuminuria as compared to placebo. In comparison to the sulfonylurea glimepiride cardiovascular outcomes are similar, but hypoglycemia is much less frequent. The combination of the insulinotropic linagliptin and the insulin-independent, glucosuric empagliflozin improves the metabolic function as compared to placebo in patients who are insufficiently treated with metformin. In such patients the fixed combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin is the first for which three long-term outcome studies have demonstrated metabolic, cardiovascular and renal effects.
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Germany (DE)How to cite
APA:
Gallwitz, B., & Schmieder, R. (2020). Metabolic effects and cardiovascular safety of an oral triple therapy of type 2 diabetes: The metformin, empagliflozin, linagliptin example. Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1197-6223
MLA:
Gallwitz, Baptist, and Roland Schmieder. "Metabolic effects and cardiovascular safety of an oral triple therapy of type 2 diabetes: The metformin, empagliflozin, linagliptin example." Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel (2020).
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