Radar-Based Heart Sound Detection

Will C, Shi K, Schellenberger S, Steigleder T, Michler F, Fuchs J, Weigel R, Ostgathe C, Kölpin A (2018)


Publication Type: Journal article, Online publication

Publication year: 2018

Journal

Article Number: 11551

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29984-5

Open Access Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-29984-5

Abstract

This paper introduces heart sound detection by radar systems, which enables touch-free and continuous monitoring of heart sounds. The proposed measurement principle entails two enhancements in modern vital sign monitoring. First, common touch-based auscultation with a phonocardiograph can be simplified by using biomedical radar systems. Second, detecting heart sounds offers a further feasibility in radar-based heartbeat monitoring. To analyse the performance of the proposed measurement principle, 9930 seconds of eleven persons-under-tests' vital signs were acquired and stored in a database using multiple, synchronised sensors: a continuous wave radar system, a phonocardiograph (PCG), an electrocardiograph (ECG), and a temperature-based respiration sensor. A hidden semi-Markov model is utilised to detect the heart sounds in the phonocardiograph and radar data and additionally, an advanced template matching (ATM) algorithm is used for state-of-the-art radar-based heartbeat detection. The feasibility of the proposed measurement principle is shown by a morphology analysis between the data acquired by radar and PCG for the dominant heart sounds S1 and S2: The correlation is 82.97 ± 11.15% for 5274 used occurrences of S1 and 80.72 ± 12.16% for 5277 used occurrences of S2. The performance of the proposed detection method is evaluated by comparing the F-scores for radar and PCG-based heart sound detection with ECG as reference: Achieving an F1 value of 92.22 ± 2.07%, the radar system approximates the score of 94.15 ± 1.61% for the PCG. The accuracy regarding the detection timing of heartbeat occurrences is analysed by means of the root-mean-square error: In comparison to the ATM algorithm (144.9 ms) and the PCG-based variant (59.4 ms), the proposed method has the lowest error value (44.2 ms). Based on these results, utilising the detected heart sounds considerably improves radar-based heartbeat monitoring, while the achieved performance is also competitive to phonocardiography.

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APA:

Will, C., Shi, K., Schellenberger, S., Steigleder, T., Michler, F., Fuchs, J.,... Kölpin, A. (2018). Radar-Based Heart Sound Detection. Scientific Reports. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29984-5

MLA:

Will, Christoph, et al. "Radar-Based Heart Sound Detection." Scientific Reports (2018).

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