Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), inhibition processes and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - an overview

Hoegl T, Bender S, Buchmann J, Kratz O, Moll G, Heinrich H (2014)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2014

Journal

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie Hogrefe

Publisher: Hogrefe

Book Volume: 42

Pages Range: 415-28; quiz 428-9

Journal Issue: 6

DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000320

Abstract

Motor system excitability can be tested by transcranial magnetic stimulation CFMS). In this article, an overview of recent methodological developments and research findings related to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is provided. Different TMS parameters that reflect the function of interneurons in the motor cortex may represent neurophysiological markers of inhibition in ADHD, particularly the so-called intracortical inhibition. In children with a high level of hyperactivity and impulsivity, intracortical inhibition was comparably low at rest as shortly before the execution of a movement. TMS-evoked potentials can also be measured in the EEG so that investigating processes of excitability is not restricted to motor areas in future studies. The effects of methylphenidate on motor system excitability may be interpreted in the sense of a 'fine-tuning' with these mainly dopaminergic effects also depending on genetic parameters (DAT1 transporter). A differentiated view on the organization of motor control can be achieved by a combined analysis of TMS parameters and event-related potentials. Applying this bimodal approach, strong evidence for a deviant implementation of motor control in children with ADHD and probably compensatory mechanisms (with involvement of the prefrontal cortex) was obtained. These findings, which contribute to a better understanding of hyperactivity/impulsivity, inhibitory processes and motor control in ADHD as well as the mechanisms of medication, underline the relevance of TMS as a neurophysiological method in ADHD research.

Authors with CRIS profile

Oliver Kratz Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Involved external institutions

Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt am Main (KGU) DE Germany (DE) Universität Rostock DE Germany (DE) kbo-Heckscher-Klinikum gGmbH DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Hoegl, T., Bender, S., Buchmann, J., Kratz, O., Moll, G., & Heinrich, H. (2014). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), inhibition processes and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - an overview. Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 42(6), 415-28; quiz 428-9. https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000320

MLA:

Hoegl, Thomas, et al. "Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), inhibition processes and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - an overview." Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 42.6 (2014): 415-28; quiz 428-9.

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