DEVELOPMENT of the MODEL of GALACTIC INTERSTELLAR EMISSION for STANDARD POINT-SOURCE ANALYSIS of FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA

Acero F, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Bloom ED, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cuoco A, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, De Angelis A, De Palma F, Desiante R, Digel SW, Di Venere L, Drell PS, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Focke WB, Franckowiak A, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Harding AK, Hayashi K, Hays E, Hewitt JW, Hill AB, Horan D, Hou X, Jogler T, Johannesson G, Kamae T, Kuss M, Landriu D, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Li L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Maldera S, Malyshev D, Manfreda A, Martin P, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, Mcenery JE, Michelson PF, Mirabal N, Mizuno T, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Pesce-Rollins M, Piron F, Pivato G, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Remy Q, Renault N, Sanchez-Conde M, Schaal M, Schulz A, Sgro C, Siskind EJ, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Strong AW, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tinivella M, Torres DF, Tosti G, Troja E, Vianello G, Werner M, Wood KS, Wood M, Zaharijas G, Zimmer S (2016)


Publication Status: Published

Publication Type: Journal article, Original article

Publication year: 2016

Journal

Publisher: American Astronomical Society

Book Volume: 223

Article Number: 26

Journal Issue: 2

DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/223/2/26

Abstract

Most of the celestial γ rays detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope originate from the interstellar medium when energetic cosmic rays interact with interstellar nucleons and photons. Conventional point-source and extended-source studies rely on the modeling of this diffuse emission for accurate characterization. Here, we describe the development of the Galactic Interstellar Emission Model (GIEM), which is the standard adopted by the LAT Collaboration and is publicly available. This model is based on a linear combination of maps for interstellar gas column density in Galactocentric annuli and for the inverse-Compton emission produced in the Galaxy. In the GIEM, we also include large-scale structures like Loop I and the Fermi bubbles. The measured gas emissivity spectra confirm that the cosmic-ray proton density decreases with Galactocentric distance beyond 5 kpc from the Galactic Center. The measurements also suggest a softening of the proton spectrum with Galactocentric distance. We observe that the Fermi bubbles have boundaries with a shape similar to a catenary at latitudes below 20°and we observe an enhanced emission toward their base extending in the north and south Galactic directions and located within ∼4°of the Galactic Center.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

National Institute for Astrophysics / Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF) IT Italy (IT) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) US United States (USA) (US) National Institute for Nuclear Physics / Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) IT Italy (IT) Italian Space Agency / Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) IT Italy (IT) Stockholm University / Stockholms universitet SE Sweden (SE) Spanish National Research Council / Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) ES Spain (ES) Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck / University of Innsbruck AT Austria (AT) National Academy of Sciences US United States (USA) (US) University of Paris 7 - Denis Diderot / Université Paris VII Denis Diderot FR France (FR) Stanford University US United States (USA) (US) National Center for Scientific Research / Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) FR France (FR) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) / 中国科学院 CN China (CN) Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) JP Japan (JP) École Polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay FR France (FR) Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) / Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics DE Germany (DE) Clemson University US United States (USA) (US) AlbaNova University Centre / Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan AlbaNova Universitetscentrum SE Sweden (SE) Hiroshima University JP Japan (JP) University of Udine / Università degli Studi di Udine IT Italy (IT) NYCB Real-Time Computing, Inc. US United States (USA) (US) U.S. Naval Research Laboratory US United States (USA) (US) University of Tokyo JP Japan (JP) University of Iceland (UI) / Háskóli Íslands IS Iceland (IS) University of Bari Aldo Moro / Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro IT Italy (IT) University of Padua / Universita degli Studi di Padova IT Italy (IT) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY DE Germany (DE) University of Denver US United States (USA) (US) University of Johannesburg ZA South Africa (ZA) Purdue University Northwest / Purdue University Calumet US United States (USA) (US) University of Montpellier / Université Montpellier FR France (FR) George Mason University US United States (USA) (US) University of North Florida (UNF) US United States (USA) (US)

How to cite

APA:

Acero, F., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J.,... Zimmer, S. (2016). DEVELOPMENT of the MODEL of GALACTIC INTERSTELLAR EMISSION for STANDARD POINT-SOURCE ANALYSIS of FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 223(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0067-0049/223/2/26

MLA:

Acero, F., et al. "DEVELOPMENT of the MODEL of GALACTIC INTERSTELLAR EMISSION for STANDARD POINT-SOURCE ANALYSIS of FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 223.2 (2016).

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