SWARM – Successful Provision of Frequency Containment Reserve with Distibuted Energy Storage Systems

Leepa C, Kufner A, Mehl S, Steber D, Veerashekar K, Sigert I, Götz K, German R, Grimm V, Luther M (2016)


Publication Language: English

Publication Type: Conference contribution, Conference Contribution

Publication year: 2016

Conference Proceedings Title: Conference Presentations and Materials of the "10th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference" (IRES 2016), Düsseldorf/Germany, 15-17 March 2015

Event location: Düsseldorf DE

Abstract

In July 2015, a network of 65 virtually connected distributed energy storage systems (ESS) with a total nominal power of 1 MW – so-called SWARM – was successfully prequalified for frequency containment reserve (FCR) provision within the balancing area of TenneT TSO GmbH in Germany. ESS were installed in private households possessing a rooftop photovoltaic system. In contrast to ordinary ESS available in the market for home application, SWARM-ESS do not only increase the households’ self-consumption, but they work as a virtual mass storage. Coordinated by an automated control center, SWARM is able to provide FCR by responding proportionally to frequency deviations of up to 200 mHz within few seconds and thus, contributes to stabilizing the grid. Hence, SWARM represents a systematic decentralized approach for meeting one of the main challenges of the energy transition in Germany. Roll out and operation of SWARM are conducted by a cooperation between N-ERGIE Aktiengesellschaft and Caterva GmbH. The project’s research activities are supported by groups of the Friedrich-Alexander-University addressing both, economic and technical issues. From an economic perspective, the identification of determinants of individual decision-making in exposure to novel technology is emphasized. As far as technical issues are concerned, the effects of distributed ESS on the grid, the provision of FCR by a virtual mass storage as well as the operational behavior of SWARM are analyzed. To this end, a stochastic and hybrid simulation model is developed to generate time series of all power flows within each house as well as the FCR provided. These time series are used for load flow calculations to identify the influence of ESS on the local distribution grid. All in all, this paper gives an overview of first experiences in the operation of SWARM as well as of research results from the different disciplines.

Authors with CRIS profile

Additional Organisation(s)

Related research project(s)

Involved external institutions

How to cite

APA:

Leepa, C., Kufner, A., Mehl, S., Steber, D., Veerashekar, K., Sigert, I.,... Luther, M. (2016). SWARM – Successful Provision of Frequency Containment Reserve with Distibuted Energy Storage Systems. In EUROSOLAR and the World Council for Renewable Energy (WCRE) (Eds.), Conference Presentations and Materials of the "10th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference" (IRES 2016), Düsseldorf/Germany, 15-17 March 2015. Düsseldorf, DE.

MLA:

Leepa, Claudia, et al. "SWARM – Successful Provision of Frequency Containment Reserve with Distibuted Energy Storage Systems." Proceedings of the Internation Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES) 2016, Düsseldorf Ed. EUROSOLAR and the World Council for Renewable Energy (WCRE), 2016.

BibTeX: Download