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@article{faucris.106805204,
abstract = {Current-voltage hysteresis is a major issue for normal architecture organo-halide perovskite
solar cells. In this manuscript we reveal a several Å thick Methylammonium Iodide (MAI) rich
interface between the perovskite and the metal oxide. Surface functionalization via selfassembled
monolayers (SAMs) allowed us to control the composition of the interface
monolayer from Pb poor to Pb rich, which in parallel suppresses hysteresis in perovskite
solar cells. The bulk of the perovskite films is not affected by the interface engineering and
remains highly crystalline in surface normal direction over the whole film thickness. The subnm
structural modifications of the buried interface were revealed by x-ray reflectivity (XRR),
which is most sensitive to monitor changes in the mass density of only several Å thin
interfacial layers as a function of substrate functionalization. From Kelvin probe force
microscopy (KPFM) on a solar cell cross section study, we further demonstrate local
variations of the potential on different electron transporting layers (ETLs) within a solar cell.
Based on these findings we present a unifying model explaining hysteresis in perovskite solar
cells, giving for the first time insight into one crucial aspect of hysteresis and paving the way
for new strategies in the fields of perovskite based opto-electronic devices.},
author = {Will, Johannes and Hou, Yi and Scheiner, Simon and Pinkert, Ute and Hermes, Ilka M. and Weber, Stefan A.L. and Hirsch, Andreas and Halik, Marcus and Brabec, Christoph and Unruh, Tobias},
doi = {10.1021/acsami.7b15904},
faupublication = {yes},
journal = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},
keywords = {perovskite solar cell, hysteresis, buried interface, x-ray reflectivity, Kelvin probe force microscopy},
month = {Jan},
pages = {5511-5518},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{Evidence} of {Tailoring} the {Interfacial} {Chemical} {Composition} in {Normal} {Structure} {Hybrid} {Organohalide} {Perovskites} by a {Self}-{Assembled} {Monolayer}},
url = {https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsami.7b15904},
volume = {10},
year = {2018}
}