Begabungsförderung im System Familie - Harder, Bettina; Grassinger, Robert (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2009)

Begabung und die Nutzung von Selbstregulationsstrategien: Ein Literaturüberblick und eine ausgewählte empirische Studie - Händel, Marion; Dresel, M. (Motivation, Selbstregulation und Leistungsexzellenz, 2011)

Begleitung und Beratung von Pflegeeltern - Helmig, E.; Bovenschen, Ina; Spangler, Gottfried; Köckenitz, C.; Sandmeier, G. (Handbuch Pflegekinderhilfe, 2011)

Behandlung opioidabhängiger Inhaftierter – Einstellungen und Behandlungspraxis des medizinischen Personals in bayerischen Justizvollzugsanstalten - Weiss, Maren; Geißelsöder, Kerstin; Breuer, Maike Miriam; Dechant, Michael; Endres, Johann; Stemmler, Mark; Wodarz, Norbert (Gesundheitswesen, 2021)
Background The present study examines the treatment practice and attitudes of medical staff towards opioid-dependent inmates in Bavarian prisons. Method We interviewed medical staff (n=20) from 18 Bavarian prisons about substitution practice and attitudes by semi-structured interviews. Results With regard to the treatment routines and the attitudes of the medical staff, we found mixed results. From the perspective of the medical staff, the treatment decision depends on the patients’ wishes, the severity and duration of the dependence, the length of sentence and organizational factors. Problems were discussed in particular with regard to the care situation inside and outside the prisons and difficulties in transition management. Conclusions Substitution therapy is considered a standard treatment method in prisons today. However, our respondents highlighted some disadvantages (e. g. passing on the substitution drug). Although the treatment goal of complete abstinence was generally viewed positively by a part of the medical staff, it was not considered very realistic. From the point of view of the respondents, special attention should be paid to the continuity of the chosen treatment strategy in the context of discharge management.<br
Keywords: prison; opiate substitution treatment; treatment routines; indication for opioid substitution

Behavioral areas of change under medical treatment - Steinwachs, Klaus; Stemmler, Mark (Aging, Health and Healing, 1995)

Being unengaged at work but still dedicating time and energy: A longitudinal study - Hommelhoff, Sabine; Richter, David; Niessen, Cornelia; Gerstorf, Denis; Heckhausen, Jutta (Motivation Science, 2019)

Belastende Fälle in inklusiven Settings – erste Ergebnisse aus dem Kooperationsprojekt BISU - Martschinke, Sabine; Elting, Christian; Grüning, Miriam; Kopp, Bärbel; Niessen, Cornelia; Schröder, Carina (Diversität und soziale Ungleichheit. Herausforderungen an die Integrationsleistung der Grundschule, 2020)
Im Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse einer Teilstudie des interdisziplinären Koope- rationsprojekts BISU berichtet: Die Interviews mit Grundschullehrkräften (N=55) geben Aufschluss darüber, welche Fälle Lehrkräfte in inklusiven Settings als besonders belastend wahrnehmen. In einem Mixed-Methods-Design werden sowohl Merkmale dieser „besonderen Kinder“ identifiziert als auch Typen gebil- det. Erste Hinweise auf Zusammenhänge zwischen Belastungsintensität der Fälle und Wohlbefinden der Lehrkräfte sind erkennbar. Die Erkenntnisse fließen in das Fortbildungskonzept LehrKRÄFTE ein, das der fallbasierten Förderung persona- ler, emotional-energetischer und sozialer Ressourcen für den produktiven Um- gang mit Diversität und einhergehenden Belastungen in inklusiven Settings dient.<br
Keywords: Lehrergesundheit; Ressourcen; Belastungen; inklusive Settings

Beliefs angehender Lehrpersonen zum Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht: Entwicklung und Pilotierung eines Fragebogens - Velling, Hanna; Schubert, Jan Christoph; Naujoks-Schober, Nick (Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Naturwissenschaften, 2022)
Dem Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht werden insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund einer naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung große didaktische Potenziale zugeschrieben und geographische Bildungsstandards und Lehrpläne sehen den Einsatz von Experimenten vor. Zugleich liegen Hinweise darauf vor, dass Experimente nur relativ selten im Geographieunterricht eingesetzt werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund rücken die Lehrpersonen in den Fokus, da diese mit ihren subjektiven Überzeugungen (Beliefs) als Teil professioneller Handlungskompetenz einen entscheidenden Faktor für den tatsächlichen Einsatz von Experimenten im Unterricht darstellen. Bislang fehlen jedoch sowohl Erkenntnisse über die Ausprägung der Beliefs von (angehenden) Lehrpersonen zum Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht als auch entsprechende Messinstrumente. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist daher die Entwicklung und Pilotierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung der Beliefs angehender Geographielehrpersonen zum Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht. Anhand von Re-Analysen qualitativer Erhebungen sowie Literaturrecherchen wurden Themenbereiche von Beliefs zum Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht identifiziert und auf dieser Grundlage ein umfassendes Itemset entwickelt. Die psychometrische Ermittlung der zugrundeliegenden Struktur erfolgte anhand einer Gesamtstichprobe von N = 195 Studierenden des Lehramts für Geographie. Im Zuge einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse konnten fünf eindeutige Faktoren zu unterschiedlichen Aspekten von Potenzialen/Zielen, Voraussetzungen und Hindernissen beim Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht mit jeweils angemessenen bis guten Reliabilitätswerten identifiziert werden. Mit dem Fragebogen liegt ein theoretisch fundiertes Instrument zu Erhebung der Beliefs angehender Lehrpersonen zum Experimentieren im Geographieunterricht vor. Geplante weiterführende Schritte in unserem Forschungsvorhaben sowie praktische Einsatzmöglichkeiten werden diskutier
Keywords: Beliefs; Überzeugungen; Experimentieren; Geographieunterricht; Fragebogen; Erhebungsinstrument; Skalenentwicklung

„Benchmarking“ in der Sozialtherapie: Vergleiche zwischen sozialtherapeutischen Abteilungen für Sexualstraftäter in Bayern - Carl, Lena; Lauchs, Lora; Schmucker, Martin; Lösel, Friedrich (Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 2019)
Die Sozialtherapie ist in Deutschland die intensivste Form der Straftäterbehandlung, die insbesondere im Bereich der Sexualdelinquenz Anwendung findet. Noch immer mangelt es an methodisch stichhaltigen Evaluationen, und diese stehen vor erheblichen methodischen und rechtlichen Problemen. Deshalb wurden Studien zur „best practice“ angeregt, die datengestützte Vergleiche zwischen sozialtherapeutischen Einrichtungen gestatten. Dementsprechend verglich die vorliegende Studie sieben sozialtherapeutische Abteilungen für Sexualstraftäter in Bayern hinsichtlich ihrer strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen, der behandelten Straftäter und deren Rückfälligkeit. Bei leichten Unterschieden in den Rahmenbedingungen ergab sich eine starke Varianz in der Klientel, z. B. im Hinblick auf Alter, Art der Sexualdelikte, Substanzmissbrauch, klinische Diagnosen oder Rückfallrisiko im Static-99. Auch die Rückfallraten unterschieden sich zwischen den Einrichtungen, allerdings klärte die Zugehörigkeit zu einer Abteilung weniger als 10 % der Varianz im Rückfall auf. Die Befunde legen nahe, dass die Varianz in den Rückfallraten überwiegend auf Unterschiede in der Klientel zurückzuführen sind und weniger auf Merkmale der Abteilungen und Behandlungsansätze. Schlussfolgerungen für die weitere Forschung und den datengestützten Austausch zwischen den Abteilungen werden erörter
Keywords: Sozialtherapie; Rückfälligkeit; Strafvollzug; Evaluation; Benchmarking; Sexualstraftäter

Benchmarking of Sleep/Wake Detection Algorithms on a Large Cohort using Actigraphy, HRV, and Respiration Information - Krauß, Daniel; Richer, Robert; Küderle, Arne; Beilner, Janina; Rohleder, Nicolas; Eskofier, Björn (IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2022)
I. INTRODUCTION Insufficient sleep quality is directly linked to a series of physical and physiological diseases [1]. Therefore, reliable sleep monitoring is essential for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of such. As sleep laboratories are very cost- and resource-prohibitive, wearable sensors are a promising alternative for unobtrusive sleep monitoring at home. During sleep, body movements decrease compared to a wakeful state [2]. In addition, cardiac and respiratory activity changes during sleep [3]. Current systems are mostly based on wrist movement, typically assessed using actigraphy (ACT), for unobtrusive sleep/wake detection [4]. However, movement-based systems tend to overestimate sleep due to a lack of movement shortly before falling asleep or in short periods of wakefulness. Previous research showed promising improvements in sleep/wake detection by combining ACT with cardiac and respiratory information such as heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration rate variability (RRV) [5]. However, this was only evaluated on small cohorts and not in large-scale studies. For that reason, this work aims to systematically compare ACT-based sleep detection with multimodal approaches combining ACT and HRV by benchmarking different state-of-the-art machine- and deep learning algorithms on a large-scale dataset. In particular, we investigate whether the classification performance can be further improved by including respiratory information into machine learning models. II. METHODS The data used in this work were collected in a sleep study of 2,237 participants, which contains ACT and polysomnography (PSG). PSG was used as ground truth for sleep/wake phases as well as to extract HRV and RRV from electrocardiography and respiratory induction plethysmography respectively [7]. In total, 370 ACT features and 30 HRV features were extracted according to Zhai et al. [6]. In addition, 62 RRV features were extracted using the Neurokit2 library [8]. To find the best set of hyperparameters, a grid search with embedded 5-fold cross-validation was performed over a defined search space. III. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Our results show that including RRV features in the classification algorithms significantly improved the key metrics of assessing sleep/wake detection performance (Fig 1). The best-performing algorithm to discriminate between sleep and wake phases was a Multi-Layer Perceptron with an accuracy of 85.1±8.5%. In particular, specificity, which is a good marker for assessing the overprediction of sleep, showed a strong increase in performance after adding RRV (63.5±22.3% vs. 72.4±17.2%). Our findings underscore the potential of including respiratory information, which can also be extracted from wearable sensors, to improve sleep/wake detection algorithms and, thus, help to transfer sleep laboratories into a home monitoring environmen
Keywords: Machine learning; Deep learning; Wearable sensors; Multimodal sensing; Neural networks

Bending in HVPE grown GaN films: Origin and reduction possibilities - Paskova, Tania; Becker, Linda; Böttcher, Tim; Hommel, Detlef; Paskov, Plamen; Monemar, Bo (Physica Status Solidi (C) Current Topics in Solid State Physics, 2007)
We have studied the effects of film and substrate thicknesses on the bending and strain of thick GaN films grown by HVPE. Both experimental and simulation data, being in a very good agreement, show the highest bending at a critical film thickness slightly smaller than the substrate thickness, while the strain remains decreasing with only a small increase at much higher film thicknesses. Temperature dependent measurements allows a separation of the thermally induced component and an extrapolation of the bending to the growth temperature. The latter was found to be dependent on both the film and substrate thickness and to have a strong effect on the remaining bending of freestanding films.

Beratung an der LBFH - Der Fall Paul - Harder, Bettina; Trottler, Susanne (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2013)

Bericht der Kommission "Studium und Lehre" der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie. - Abele-Brehm, Andrea; Bühner, Markus; Deutsch, Roland; Erdfelder, Edgar; Fydrich, Thomas; Gollwitzer, Mario; Heinrichs, Markus; König, Cornelius; Spinath, Birgit; Vaterrodt, Bianca; Heinke-Becker, Jesco (Psychologische Rundschau, 2014)

Bericht der Kommission "Studium und Lehre" der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie. Teil II: Masterstudium Psychologie. - Abele-Brehm, Andrea; Bühner, Markus; Deutsch, Roland; Erdfelder, Edgar; Fydrich, Thomas; Gollwitzer, Mario; Heinrichs, Markus; König, Cornelius; Spinath, Birgit; Vaterrodt, Bianca; Heinke-Becker, Jesco (Psychologische Rundschau, 2015)

Bericht des Fachkollegiums Psychologie der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): DFG-Forschungsförderung in der Psychologie: Aktuelle Herausforderungen und Perspektiven - Erdfelder, Edgar; Abele-Brehm, Andrea; Blickle, Gerhard; Hannover, Bettina; Kirschbaum, Clemens; Möller, Jens; Rief, Winfried; Strauß, Bernhard; Tuschen-Caffier, Brunna; Ulrich, Rolf (Psychologische Rundschau, 2014)
Das Fachkollegium Psychologie der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) weist auf zwei Herausforderungen hin, mit denen sie in ihrer Arbeit gegenwärtig konfrontiert ist und macht Lösungsvorschläge: 1) Die durchschnittliche Bearbeitungszeit eingereichter DFG-Anträge steigt und 2) die Förderquote von DFG-Anträgen ist in letzter Zeit merklich gesunken. Zunächst wird auf die zwischen 2010 und 2012 von 356 auf 505 gestiegene Anzahl entschiedener Anträge und auf die derzeitige durchschnittliche Bearbeitungszeit von 5,8 Monaten hingewiesen (davon durchschnittlich 3,7 Monate Begutachtungszeit). Die Gutachtertätigkeit für die DFG wird als sehr wichtige und ehrenvolle Tätigkeit beschrieben, ohne die das für die psychologische Forschung in Deutschland so wichtige Fördersystem der DFG einbrechen würde. Insbesondere potentielle Gutachter und Gutachterinnen, die bereits eine DFG-Förderung nutzen konnten, werden als moralisch verpflichtet beschrieben, Gutachtertätigkeiten für die DFG zu übernehmen. Aber auch noch nicht geförderte angefragte Wissenschaftler sollten sich dieser wichtigen Aufgabe nicht entziehen. Es wird appelliert, Gutachten zügig anzufertigen. Auf Initiativen, die die Attraktivität einer ehrenamtlichen Gutachtertätigkeit für die DFG erhöhen und die Begutachtung vereinfachen und straffen sollen, wird hingewiesen. Anschließend wird erläutert, warum trotz gestiegener Gesamtfördersumme und einer nahezu konstanten Anzahl geförderter Projekte in der Psychologie die Förderquote dennoch gesunken ist (über alle Förderprogramme hinweg: 48 % in 2008, 49 % in 2010, 36 % in 2012; für die Einzelförderung: 47 %, 44 %, 31 %). Gefordert wird ein verstärktes Kostenbewusstsein der Antragsteller, das auch relevant für eine Förderentscheidung sein kann. Maximalpauschalen für Standardkostenpunkte (Reisekosten, Versuchspersonen-Kosten, Druckkosten- und Open Access-Zuschüsse) werden genannt. Es wird für eine Kontingentierung der Mittel über das Jahr hinweg plädiert, damit Anträge, die am Ende eines Jahres eingereicht werden, die gleichen Förderchancen haben wie Anträge, die früher im Jahr eingereicht werden. Derzeit müssen trotz dieser Maßnahmen als prinzipiell förderungswürdig bewertete Anträge in verschiedene Prioritätsstufen eingeteilt werden. Als Kriterien für eine Priorisierung werden genannt: innovative theoriegeleitete Forschung mit hoher Aussicht auf Erfolg, zu erwartende Publizierbarkeit in führenden internationalen Zeitschriften, Förderanträge von Nachwuchswissenschaftlerinnen und Nachwuchswissenschaftlern (vor allem Erstantragsteller). Es wird für eine Erhöhung des Bewilligungsvolumens für das Fachkollegium Psychologie plädiert, so dass in naher Zukunft wieder alle als förderwürdig bewerteten Anträge gefördert werden können (in 2012: 33,7 Millionen Euro).

Bericht zur Lage der Psychologie. - Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Psychologische Rundschau, 2017)
In ihrem Bericht zur Lage der Psychologie werden von der scheidenden Präsidentin der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs) die aktuelle Lage der Wissenschaft Psychologie nachgezeichnet und einige Herausforderungen benannt. Zunächst werden Zahlen und Fakten vorgelegt und jeweils ein Fazit gezogen zu Studium und Lehre (Attraktivität des Psychologiestudiums, Abschlüsse und Noten, Übertritt Bachelor-Master, Betreuungsrelationen, Studiengänge an Universitäten versus (Fach-) Hochschulen), Promotionen und Habilitationen, Beruf (Erwerbstätige, Entwicklung der Erwerbstätigenzahlen beim akademischen Personal, Analyse von Stellenangeboten) und Forschung (Forschungsförderung und Publikationen, Forschungsqualität). Im Folgenden werden dann Aktivitäten der Hochschulen und der DGPs im Kontext der "Third Mission" skizziert (Hochschulen sollen außer Forschung und Lehre auch die Aufgabe übernehmen, kulturell, sozial oder ökonomisch nutzbares Wissen zur Verfügung zu stellen). Anschließend wird kurz auf Entwicklungen innerhalb der DGPs eingegangen (u. a. Mitgliederzahlen). Herausforderungen an die Psychologie werden unter den Überschriften Einheit der Psychologie als Prozess in Forschung, Studium und Lehre sowie "Third Mission" angesprochen. Die Notwendigkeit einer starken Fachgesellschaft und engagierter, offener und diskursbereiter Mitglieder wird betont. Als Fazit wird festgehalten: Die Psychologie steht als Disziplin gut da und sie braucht eine starke Fachgesellschaft, um die teilweise wiederkehrenden, teilweise neuen Herausforderungen meistern zu können. Als Beispiele werden genannt: Absetzbewegungen einzelner Subdisziplinen, politische Regulierungen, die das Fach belasten und neue Studiengänge an Universitäten sowie an privaten und staatlichen (Fach-) Hochschulen, die in Konkurrenz zu den bestehenden universitären Angeboten treten.

Berufliche Exploration - Ebner, Katharina; Spurk, Daniel (Lexikon der Berufsbildung, 2016)

Berufliche Laufbahnentwicklung - Volmer, Judith; Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Management-Diagnostik, 2013)
Keywords: Berufliche Entwicklung; Trends; Theorien

Berufliches Belastungserleben von Betreuungspersonal in Krippen – Prädiktoren auf Individual- und Einrichtungsebene - Kröner, S; Zirkelbach, Doris (Tagungsbeitrag auf der 76. Tagung der Arbeitsgruppe für Empirische Pädagogische Forschung (AEPF), 2011)

Berufliche Sehnsüchte: Ressource oder Risiko? Eine explorative Studie - Brunner, Markus; Hommelhoff, Sabine (Wirtschaftspsychologie, 2017)

Berufliche Zielorientierung und wahrgenommener Leistungsmangel bei Lehrkräften. - Tönjes-von Platen, Britt; Dickhäuser, Oliver; Kröner, Stephan (Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 2008)
Motivationale Determinanten wie Zielorientierungen zeigten in vielen Studien ihren Einfluss auf Leistungsvariablen von Lernern. In dieser Arbeit soll geprüft werden, ob sich solche Zusammenhänge auch bei Lehrenden zeigen. An zwei Stichproben von n = 84 Lehrkräften und n = 75 Lehramtsstudierenden soll untersucht werden, ob die berufsbezogenen Lern-, Annäherungsleistungs- und Vermeidungsleistungszielorientierungen mit der per Maslach-Burnout-Inventar gemessenen Belastungsdimension wahrgenommener Leistungsmangel zusammenhängen. Da Effekte von Persönlichkeitsfaktoren auf berufliches Belastungserleben bereits in anderen Studien belegt wurden, soll ebenfalls überprüft werden, ob die Zusammenhänge zwischen Zielorientierung und wahrgenommenem Leistungsmangel bei Kontrolle der Persönlichkeitsfaktoren weiter bestehen. Für die Belastungsdimension wahrgenommener Leistungsmangel zeigen Regressionsanalysen erwartungsgemäß negative Effekte der Annäherungs- und positive Effekte der Vermeidungsleistungszielorientierung auch bei Kontrolle von Persönlichkeitsfaktoren. Eine explorative Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Zielorientierung und den beiden anderen Dimensionen des MBI zeigt ebenfalls Effekte, die aber bei Kontrolle der Persönlichkeitsfaktoren verschwinden.<br
Keywords: Ziele; Zielorientierung; Beruflicher Stress; Fünffaktorenmodell der Persönlichkeit; goals>; goal orientation; burnout; five factor personality model

Berufserfolg von Frauen und Männern im Vergleich. Warum entwickelt sich die „Schere“ immer noch auseinander? - Abele, Andrea E. (GENDER. Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 2013)

Berufungserleben: der Idealfall einer gelungenen Berufstätigkeit? Konzeptualisierung, Messung und Konsequenzen - Hagmaier-Göttle, Tamara (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2013)
Den Beruf als Berufung zu erleben, gilt nicht nur aufgrund der damit einhergehenden positiven Konsequenzen für das Wohlbefinden und die Gesundheit als erstrebenswert, sondern auch deswegen, weil das Berufungserleben mit menschlichem Wachstum und Selbstverwirklichung in Verbindung gebracht wird. Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation ist es, das Konstrukt des Berufungserlebens für die psychologische Forschung und die praktische Anwendung im beruflichen und klinischen Kontext handhabbarer zu machen. Die ersten beiden Studien beschäftigen sich daher mit einer umfassenden Konzeptualisierung (N = 25; N = 211). Es konnte dabei gezeigt werden, dass es sich beim Berufungserleben um ein multidimensionales Konstrukt handelt, wobei fünf Facetten unterschieden werden können. Basierend auf diesem Ergebnis wurde das Multidimensional Calling Measure (MCM) entwickelt und in den Studien 3, 4 und 5 testtheoretisch evaluiert (N = 204; N = 85; N = 145). Es zeigte sich, dass das MCM aus drei Subskalen besteht (MCM-IP: Identifikation mit der Arbeit und Passung; MCM-TGF: Wahrnehmung einer transzendenten, führenden Kraft; MCM-SMVB: Sinnerleben und wertgeleitetes Verhalten) und die Verwirklichung der eigenen Berufung im beruflichen Kontext valide und reliabel erfasst. In den Studien 6, 7 und 8 wurde das Calling Model of Positive Outcomes entwickelt und überprüft (N = 552; N = 307; N = 224). Es zeigte sich, dass das Berufungserleben sowohl direkte als auch indirekte Einflüsse mediiert durch eine geringe Diskrepanz zwischen faktischem und idealem Selbst sowie einer eudaimonischen Glücksorientierung auf die allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit hat. Bezüglich der Konsequenz für die Leistung einer Person zeigte sich, dass das Berufungserleben die kontextuelle Leistung direkt, die aufgabenbezogene Leistung jedoch lediglich indirekt mediiert über berufliche Selbstwirksamkeit und Arbeitszufriedenheit beeinflusst. Zudem erwies sich das Berufungserleben als signifikanter Pädiktor des subjektiven Berufserfolgs. Die theoretischen und praktischen Auswirkungen der Befunde, beispielsweise im Hinblick auf Karriereberatung, Coaching oder organisationale Entwicklung, werden abschließend diskutiert.
Keywords: Einstellungen zur Arbeit; Berufliches Engagement; Arbeitszufriedenheit; Beruflicher Erfolg; Lebenszufriedenheit; Fragebögen; Testvalidität; Berufsberatung; Erwachsenenalter

Besondere Kenntnisse der am Kindschaftsverfahren Beteiligten über frühkindliche Bindungen - Bovenschen, Ina; Spangler, Gottfried (Neue Zeitschrift für Familienrecht, 2014)

Bestandsaufnahme und Evaluation von Angeboten im Elternbildungsbereich - Lösel, Friedrich; Schmucker, Martin; Plankensteiner, Birgit; Weiss, Maren (2006)

Bestandsaufnahme und Evaluation von Angeboten im Elternbildungsbereich (Zwischenbericht an das Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend) - Lösel, Friedrich; Schmucker, Martin; Plankensteiner, Birgit; Weiss, Maren (2005)

BEST FOR CAN – bringing empirically supported treatments to children and adolescents after child abuse and neglect: study protocol - Rosner, Rita; Barke, Antonia; Albrecht, Björn; Christiansen, Hanna; Ebert, David; Lechner-Meichsner, Franziska; Muche, Rainer; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Steil, Regina (European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2020)
Background: Despite a large body of evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress for children and adolescents, the adoption of empirically supported treatments (ESTs) in routine care is low. Objective: This implementation study aims to evaluate the dissemination of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) for children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after child abuse and neglect (CAN) with a focus on supervision. Method: In a cluster-randomized controlled trial, the study will evaluate the implementation of TF-CBT focussing on the training of therapists including the provision of supervision. The effectiveness of specialized trauma-focused supervision will be compared to supervision as usual with respect to the successful implementation of TF-CBT for youths with PTSS administered by psychotherapists with different levels of professional experience. The primary outcome is whether the patient receives a treatment with sufficient adherence to the TF-CBT manual. The unit of randomization will be the therapists. The main outcome will be analysed using multilevel logistic regressions. Secondary outcomes will concern further patient-related (reduction of PTSS and depressive symptoms) and therapist-related (professional quality of life) variables. Additional exploratory analyses are planned. Discussion: Since the trial is designed as an implementation study, it permits naturalistic referrals to the participating therapists by patients, caregivers, child and youth welfare agencies and paediatricians. The strict primary outcome will help evaluating the role of model-based supervision in the implementation process. The explorative outcomes will evaluate whether implementation success translates into better patient outcomes. We expect that the dissemination measures will lead to a successful implementation of TF-CBT and promote sustainable structures in routine care that will remain in place after study completion and offer access to ESTs for future children and youths with a history of CAN.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-12-11
Keywords: abuse; adolescents; Children; Implementation; neglect; supervision; trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy

Best Practices and Recommendations for Digital Interventions to Improve Engagement and Adherence in Chronic Illness Sufferers - Karekla, Maria; Kasinopoulos, Orestis; Dias Neto, David; Ebert, David; Van Daele, Tom; Nordgreen, Tine; Hoefer, Stefan; Oeverland, Svein; Jensen, Kit Lisbeth (European Psychologist, 2019)
Chronic illnesses cause considerable burden in quality of life, often leading to physical, psychological, and social dysfunctioning of the sufferers and their family. There is a growing need for flexible provision of home-based psychological services to increase reach even for traditionally underserved chronic illness sufferer populations. Digital interventions can fulfill this rote and provide a range of psychological services to improve functioning. Despite the potential of digital interventions, concerns remain regarding users' engagement, as low engagement is associated with low adherence rates, high attrition, and suboptimal exposure to the intervention. Human-computer interaction (e.g., theoretical models of persuasive system design, gamification, tailoring, and supportive accountability) and user characteristics (e.g., gender, age, computer literacy) are the main identified culprits contributing to engagement and adherence difficulties. To date, there have not been any clear and concise recommendations for improved utilization and engagement in digital interventions. This paper provides an overview of user engagement factors and proposes research informed recommendations for engagement and adherence planning in digital intervention development. The recommendations were derived from the literature and consensualized by expert members of the European Federation of Psychology Associations, Psychology and Health Standing Committee, and e-Health Task Force. These recommendations serve as a starting point for researchers and clinicians interested in the digitalized health field and promote effective planning for engagement when developing digital interventions with the potential to maximize adherence and optimal exposure in the treatment of chronic health conditions.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-05-21

Beurteilung von sozialen Verhaltensproblemen und Erziehungsschwierigkeiten im Vorschulalter - Beelmann, Andreas; Lösel, Friedrich; Stemmler, Mark; Jaursch, Stefanie (Diagnostica, 2006)
Der Artikel beschreibt die psychometrische Überprüfung der deutschen Version des Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) an einer Stichprobe von 718 Vorschulkindern mit Angaben von 715 Müttern und 566 Vätern. Die Itemanalyse ergab eine große Bandbreite von mittleren Intensitäts- und Problemratings sowie überwiegend zufriedenstellende Trennschärfen und Interkorrelationen der 36 ECBI-Items. Die Überprüfung der ECBI-Skalen erbrachte gute und mit der US- amerikanischen Standardisierung vergleichbare Reliabilitäten (z. B. Cronbachs D .90). Dagegen zeigten sich zum Teil deutlich höhere Intensitäts- und Problemwerte in unserer deutschen Stichprobe, was auf kulturspezifische Antwortmuster hindeutet. Es bestätigte sich jedoch das Ergebnis, dass Mütter im Vergleich zu Vätern von höheren Problemraten berichteten und Jungen im Vergleich zu Mädchen fast durchgängig höhere Belastungswerte aufwiesen. Die Daten zur Validierung des Verfahren anhand des Social Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) erbrachten innerhalb des gleichen Informanten substanzielle Zusammenhänge, aber nur geringe Korrelationen zwischen den Angaben unterschiedlicher Informanten (Eltern und Erzieherinnen). Insgesamt erwies sich die deutsche Version des ECBI als ein ökonomisches und sensitives Screening-Verfahren zur Beurteilung von sozialen Verhaltensproblemen bei Vorschulkindern und Erziehungsproblemen der Eltern, das sowohl in pädagogisch-psychologischen als auch klinisch-psychologischen Kontexten eingesetzt werden kann.
Keywords: Diagnostik; Verhaltensstörungen; Vorschulkinder; Dissozialität

Bewegtes Blut. Kooperatives Lernen mit Funktionsmodellen - Händel, Marion; Sandmann, Angela (Aufgaben im Kontext : Biologie; Konzepte, Ideen und Materialien für einen modernen Biologieunterricht, 2011)

Beyond Functional Aspects of Reading Literacy: Theoretical Structure and Empirical Validity of Literary Literacy. (Special issue guest edited by Irene Pieper & Tanja Janssen) - Frederking, Volker; Henschel, Sofie; Meier, Christel; Roick, Thorsten; Stanat, Petra; Dickhäuser, Oliver (L1-Educational studies in language and literature, 2012)

Beyond test anxiety: Development and validation of the test emotions questionnaire (TEQ) - Kramer, Klaudia; Pekrun, Reinhard; Michaela, Hochstadt; Molfenter, Stefan; Perry, Raymond P.; Götz, Thomas; et al. (Anxiety Stress and Coping, 2004)

Beyond the glass ceiling: The glass cliff and its lessons for organizational policy - Bruckmüller, Susanne; Ryan, Michelle; Rink, F; Haslam, Stuart M. (Social Issues and Policy Review, 2014)

Bildungskapital. Eine ergänzende Perspektive auf die Entwicklung von Leistungsexzellenz - Ziegler, Albert; Murat, A (News & science, 2011)

Bildungskapital und die Förderung von Lernsoziotopen - Ziegler, Albert (Individuelle Förderung multipler Begabungen, 2012)

Bildungsökonomie - Ziegler, Albert (Realschule in Deutschland, 2009)

Bildungspsychologische Forschung - Händel, Marion; Ziegler, Albert (Bildungspsychologie, 2022)

Bildungspsychologische Forschung - Ziegler, Albert (Bildungspsychologie, 2010)

Bildungs- und Lernkapitalarmut von Hauptschülern: Ergebnisse einer explorativen Befragungsstudie mit Lehrkräften - Ziegler, Albert; Hopp, Manuel; Linner, Markus; Schöferle, Tanja; Thomas, Niklas; Schielein, Tanja; Vladut, Anamaria; Götzfried, Wolfgang (Schulpädagogik-heute, 2012)

Bildungs- und Lernkapitalarmut von Hauptschülern: Ergebnisse einer explorativen Befragungsstudie mit Lehrkräften - Ziegler, Albert; Hopp, Manuel; Linner, Markus; Schöferle, Tanja; Thomas, Niklas; Schielein, Tanja; Vladut, Anamaria; Götzfried, Wolfgang (Schulpädagogik heute, 2012)

Bildungs- und Lernkapital bei SchülerInnen: Eine kulturvergleichende Studie - Vladut, Anamaria; Liu, Q; Leana-Tasçilar, MarilenaZ.; Zirkelbach, Doris (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2013)

Bildungs- und Lernkapital - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun; Vladut, Anamaria; Zirkelbach, Doris (Giftedness Across the Lifespan – Begabungsförderung von der frühen Kindheit bis ins Alter. Forder- und Förderkonzepte aus der Forschung, 2015)

Bildungs- und Lernkapital. Ein ressourcenorientierter Ansatz - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2013)

Bildungs- und Lernkapital [Special Issue] - Harder, Bettina; Stöger, Heidrun; Ziegler, Albert (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2013)

Bildungs- und Lernkapital. Tagungsbeitrag auf dem 4. Münsterschen Bildungskongress - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun; Vladut, Anamaria; Zirkelbach, Doris (2012)

Bindung, Bindungsdesorganisation und Bindungsstörungen in der frühen Kindheit: Entwicklungsbedingungen, Prävention und Intervention - Spangler, Gottfried; Zimmermann, Peter (Entwicklungspsychologie, 6. Auflage, 2008)

Bindungsbasierte Interventionsmöglichkeiten in der außerfamiliären Tagesbetreuung: Entwicklung eines Programms für die Krippe - Gerlach, Jennifer; Bovenschen, Ina; Spangler, Gottfried (Gemeinsame Tagung der Fachgruppen Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 2017)

Bindungsentwicklung im Kindesalter. - Spangler, Gottfried; Reiner, Iris (Bindung in Psychologie und Medizin: Grundlagen, Klinik und Forschung – Ein Handbuch, 2017)

Bindungssicherheit und Bindungsstörungssymptome bei 1- bis 6-jährigen Pflegekindern - Gerlach, Jennifer (2011)

Bindungstheoretische Aspekte von Fremdplatzierung. - Bovenschen, Ina; Spangler, Gottfried (Praxis der Rechtspsychologie, 2014)

Bindungsverhalten und Bindungsrepräsentation von drei- bis achtjährigen Pflegekindern; die Bedeutung der Bindungsrepräsentation und Feinfühligkeit der Pflegeeltern - Förthner, Judith (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2013)

Bindung und Bindungserfahrungen: Konsequenzen für Resilienz und Vulnerabilität im kritischen familiären Kontext - Spangler, Gottfried; Bovenschen, Ina (Familie, Partnerschaft, Recht, 2013)

Bindung und Gene: Bio-psycho-soziale Grundlagen emotionaler (Dys-) Regulation und ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten - Spangler, Gottfried (Bindung und frühe Störungen der Entwicklung, 2011)

Binge eating and purging in first-year college students: Prevalence, psychiatric comorbidity, and academic performance - Serra, Riccardo; Kiekens, Glenn; Vanderlinden, Johan; Vrieze, Elske; Auerbach, Randy P.; Benjet, Corina; Claes, Laurence; Cuijpers, Pim; Demyttenaere, Koen; Ebert, David; Tarsitani, Lorenzo; Green, Jennifer Greif; et al. (International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2019)
Background: Binge eating and purging behaviors (BPB) are common among college students, but evidence is scant on prevalence and associations of BPB with mental health problems and objective academic performance. This study aims to investigate: (a) 12-month prevalence of BPB among college first-year students, (b) comorbidity patterns of BPB with various mental health problems, and (c) the association of BPB with objective academic functioning. Methods: Using data from the Leuven College Surveys (Belgium), as part of the World Mental Health Surveys International College Student initiative, we cross-sectionally assessed 12-month BPB and mental health problems among college first-year students (n = 4,889; response rate = 73.2%) at the beginning of the academic year. Objective measures of academic functioning (final grades, expressed in academic year percentage “AYP” [0–100%] and academic failure) were obtained from administrative records at the end of the academic year. Results: Twelve-month prevalence of BPB was 7.6% (7.3%binge eating and 1.0%purging), with higher rates among females than males. Bivariate models showed an association between BPB and numerous mental health problems (ORs = 3.4–18.4). Multivariate models showed associations with non-suicidal self-injury, post-traumatic stress, internalizing/externalizing problems and suicidal ideation. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid mental health problems, BPB were still associated with lower AYP (−4.1 to −11.2% range) and elevated odds of academic year failure (ORs = 1.4–4.2). Conclusions: BPB (especially binge eating) are relatively common and associated with mental health problems, comparatively low academic performance, and higher risk of academic failure among college first-year students. Further study is needed to examine the causal dynamics underlying these associations.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-12-31
Keywords: academic; binge eating; college students; comorbidity; eating disorders; purging

Biological stress responses to multitasking and work interruptions: A randomized controlled trial - Becker, Linda; Kaltenegger, Helena C.; Nowak, Dennis; Weigl, Matthias; Rohleder, Nicolas (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2023)
In the course of digitalization, new stressors are emerging. In modern working and living environments, two ubiquitous, technology-mediated stressors are multitasking demands and work interruptions. However, biological stress response patterns to multitasking and work interruptions have been sparsely investigated so far. We thus aimed to comprehensively assess biological stress response patterns to both stressors and, additionally, test whether responses differ between digital and partially non-digital settings. A controlled experimental set-up was established and humans’ biological markers of the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS), the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, and the immune system were assessed. N = 186 healthy participants (mean age: 23.2 ± 4.3 years, 74.7% female, body mass-index: 22.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2) took part in this pre-registered study. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of 6 experimental conditions (1 digital single-task, 3 dual-tasks [2 parallel tasks and 1 interruption], 1 multitasking, and 1 passive, control condition). Each one of the dual-tasking as well as the multitasking conditions included a non-digital sub-task, i.e., performing a task in presence of an examiner. All other conditions involved digital tasks only. Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) levels as a marker for SNS reactivity significantly changed in work interruptions, parallel dual-tasking, and multitasking conditions. No changes were found for control conditions. Furthermore, no significant changes over time and no differences between the conditions were identified for three biological markers: cortisol as marker for HPA axis activity as well as for two immune system markers (secretory Immunoglobulin-A, C-reactive protein). A time course similar to sAA was found for perceived stress: with increases during task execution and decreases afterwards in multitasking and parallel dual-tasking. Yet, it did not change for the work interruption, passive control, and single-tasking condition. Overall, our findings show that dual- and multitasking are perceived as stressful and are associated with an activation of the SNS, but not with responses of HPA axis or immune system. This was consistent for digital as well as partially digital task demands. Our findings will also inform future research into the differential stress effects of digital and non-digital tasks to advance our understanding of biological stress response-patterns to multitasking and work interruptions. Therefore, our findings are highly relevant for understanding the long-term biological health effects of stress in modern (digitalized) environments.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-09-15
Keywords: Alpha-amylase; Cortisol; Digital stress; Multitasking; Technostress; Work interruptions

Biologic cost of caring for a cancer patient: Dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways - Rohleder, Nicolas; Marin, Theresa; Ma, Roy; Miller, Gregory E. (Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2009)

Biopsychological and neural processes of implicit motivation - Schultheiss, Oliver; Hall, Judie L.; Stanton, Steven J. (Implicit motives, 2010)
In this chapter we provide an overview of recent research on the biopsychological correlates of implicit motives. We review evidence for a role of gonadal steroids (testosterone and estradiol) as well as stress axis activation in power motivation arousal and satisfaction/frustration, summarize recent research on the role of progesterone and affiliation motivation, and discuss a possible role for arginine–vasopressin in achievement motivation. We also present findings from brain imaging work that indicate that the needs for power, affiliation, and achievement modulate activity in a core motivational circuit consisting of striatum, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula when nonverbal social incentives are processed.
Keywords: implicit motives; affective neuroscience; social endocrinology; hormones; testosterone; estradiol; cortisol; progesterone; arginine–vasopressin; motivation; brain imaging; striatum; amygdala; insula; orbitofrontal cortex

Biopsychological aspects of motivation - Schultheiss, Oliver; Wirth, Michelle M. (Motivation and Action, 2008)

Biopsychological aspects of motivation - Schultheiss, Oliver; Wirth, Michelle M. (Motivation and Action, 2018)

BioPsyKit: A Python package for the analysis of biopsychological data - Richer, Robert; Küderle, Arne; Ullrich, Martin; Rohleder, Nicolas; Eskofier, Björn (Journal of Open Source Software, 2021)
Biopsychology is a field of psychology that analyzes how biological processes interact with behaviour, emotion, cognition, and other mental processes. Biopsychology covers, among others, the topics of sensation and perception, emotion regulation, movement (and control of such), sleep and biological rhythms, as well as acute and chronic stress. To assess the interaction between biological and mental processes a variety of different modali- ties are used in the field of biopsychology, such as electrophysiology, assessed, for instance, via electrocardiography (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), or electroencephalography (EEG), sleep, activity and movement, assessed via inertial measurement units (IMUs), neuroendocrine and inflammatory biomarkers, assessed by saliva and blood samples, as well as self-reports, assessed via psychological questionnaires. These different modalities are collected either “in the lab,” during standardized laboratory protocols, or “in the wild,” during unsupervised protocols in home environments. The collected data are typically analyzed using statistical methods, or, more recently, using machine learning methods. While some software packages exist that allow for the analysis of single data modalities, such as electrophysiological data, or sleep, activity and movement data, no packages are available for the analysis of other modalities, such as neuroendocrine and inflammatory biomarker, and self-reports. In order to fill this gap, and, simultaneously, to combine all required tools analyzing biopsychological data from beginning to end into one single Python package, we developed BioPsyKit.

Bipredictive configural frequency analysis of small sample MANOVA designs - Müller, Matthias J.; Stemmler, Mark (Psychologische Beiträge, 2000)
Suggests and demonstrates an exact version of bipredictive Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) for use in multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) designs with small samples. In 2 dimensional contingency tables bipredictive CFA is based on Kimball's (1954) chi-square decomposition. The sample used was from a study of acoustic vigilance experiment on 24 Ss in Germany (H. F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg, 1970). The authors emphasize that the application of Kimball's asymptotic chi-square decomposition is more applicable to larger samples.

Blended Psychotherapy: Treatment Concept and Case Report for the Integration of Internet- A nd Mobile-Based Interventions into Brief Psychotherapy of Depressive Disorders - Titzler, Ingrid; Egle, Viktoria; Berking, Matthias; Gumbmann, Corinna; Ebert, David (Verhaltenstherapie, 2019)
Background: Blended psychotherapy (bPT) is a treatment that integrates internet- A nd mobile-based interventions into out-/inpatient psychotherapy. It can enrich the therapy by using online-based treatment modules as therapeutic extension that patients use time- A nd location-independently between face-to-face sessions. It could potentially improve the efficacy of psychotherapy and increase the number of treated persons through saved therapist time. The case report aims to facilitate the understanding of the blended treatment components. Case Report: A 4-month short-time depression treatment with six face-to-face therapy sessions, six online lessons, and app ratings of a 48-year-old female patient is presented based on the CARE guidelines and quantitative and qualitative measures (treatment documentation). Depressive symptoms were clinically significantly reduced (PHQ-9, 0-27: T0 = 17; T1 = 7) from a moderately severe to a subclinical-mild degree, and no diagnostic criteria were met in the 12-month follow-up diagnostic interview. The patient showed a maximum treatment satisfaction (ZUF-8, 8-32: T1 = 32) and adherence and rated the therapeutic working alliance (WAI, 12-60: T1 = 57) highly positive. Conclusion: BPT reduced depressive symptoms for this patient. Strengths of the treatment were the facilitated use of the internet-based elements with a full-time job and the individualization within the face-to-face sessions through the therapist. Treatment success was limited by the predetermined six sessions, which hindered addressing all topics and conducting relapse prevention.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-12-10
Keywords: Blended psychotherapy; Case report; Depressive disorder; Internet-/mobile-assisted brief psychotherapy

Blended Psychotherapy – verzahnte Psychotherapie: Behandlungskonzept und Fallbericht zur Integration von Internet- und Mobil-basierten Interventionen in die Kurzzeittherapie von depressiven Störungen - Titzler, Ingrid; Egle, Viktoria; Berking, Matthias; Gumbmann, Corinna; Ebert, David (Verhaltenstherapie, 2019)
Background: Blended psychotherapy (bPT) is a treatment that integrates internet- and mobile-based interventions into out-/inpatient psychotherapy. It can enrich the therapy by using online-based treatment modules as therapeutic extension that patients use time- and location-independently between face-to-face sessions. It could potentially improve the efficacy of psychotherapy and increase the number of treated persons through saved therapist time. The case report aims to facilitate the understanding of the blended treatment components. Case Report: A 4-month short-time depression treatment with six face-to-face therapy sessions, six online lessons, and app ratings of a 48-year-old female patient is presented based on the CARE guidelines and quantitative and qualitative measures (treatment documentation). Depressive symptoms were clinically significantly reduced (PHQ-9, 0-27: T0 = 17; T1 = 7) from a moderately-severe to a subclinical-mild degree, and no diagnostic criteria were met in the 12-month follow-up diagnostic interview. The patient showed a maximum treatment satisfaction (ZUF-8, 8-32: T1 = 32) and adherence and rated the therapeutic working alliance (WAI, 12-60: T1 = 57) highly positive. Conclusion: bPT reduced depressive symptoms for this patient. Strengths of the treatment were the facilitated use of the internet-based elements with a full-time job and the individualization within the face-to-face sessions through the therapist. Treatment success was limited by the predetermined six sessions, which hindered addressing all topics and conducting relapse prevention.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-09-17
Keywords: Blended therapy; Case report; Depressive disorder; Internet-/mobile-assisted brief psychotherapy

Blending group-based psychoeducation with a smartphone intervention for the reduction of depressive symptoms: results of a randomized controlled pilot study - Lukas, Christian; Berking, Matthias (Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 2021)
Background: Given their ubiquity and technological facilities, smartphone-based interventions (SBIs) hold potential to support the cost-effective dissemination of evidence-based treatments for depression. As technologically enriched, blended approach–avoidance modification trainings (AAMTs) have recently been shown effective for symptom reduction in various mental health problems, we developed a blended SBI combining group-based psychoeducation and 14 days of app training utilizing principles from AAMT to reduce depressive symptoms. Methods: In this pilot trial, N = 16 individuals with heightened depression scores were randomized to either an intervention group using the mentalis Phoenix app or a wait list control condition. As outcomes, we descriptively explored usability of the app, engagement with the intervention, and possible reductions of depressive symptoms. Results: Data analyses suggest that the SBI tested in this pilot trial possesses high usability, is frequently engaged with, and reduces depressive symptoms in participants in the intervention group when compared to wait list controls. Conclusions: This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that an SBI utilizing AAMT can reduce depressive symptoms. Future studies should replicate these findings using larger samples and disentangle possible mechanisms of change. Trial registration: DRKS-ID: DRKS00021613 (retrospectively registered).
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-03-26
Keywords: Approach–avoidance; Depression; Intervention; Pilot study; Smartphone

Blind subjects are unaware of changes in hand asymmetry - Heinisch, Christine; Dinse, Hubert (9th International Multisensory Research Forum, 2008)

Blunted Diurnal Cortisol Activity in Healthy Adults with Childhood Adversity - Kuras, Yulia; Assaf, Naomi; Thoma, Myriam; Gianferante, Danielle; Hanlin, Luke; Xuejie, Chen; Fiksdal, Alexander; Rohleder, Nicolas (Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2017)

BNST and amygdala activation to threat: Effects of temporal predictability and threat mode - Siminski, N.; Böhme, Stephanie; Zeller, J. B.M.; Becker, M. P.I.; Bruchmann, M.; Hofmann, D.; Breuer, F.; Mühlberger, A.; Schiele, M. A.; Weber, H.; Schartner, C.; Deckert, J.; et al. (Behavioural Brain Research, 2021)
Recent animal and human studies highlight the uncertainty about the onset of an aversive event as a crucial factor for the involvement of the centromedial amygdala (CM) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) activity. However, studies investigating temporally predictable or unpredictable threat anticipation and confrontation processes are rare. Furthermore, the few existing fMRI studies analyzing temporally predictable and unpredictable threat processes used small sample sizes or limited fMRI paradigms. Therefore, we measured functional brain activity in 109 predominantly female healthy participants during a temporally predictable-unpredictable threat paradigm, which aimed to solve limited aspects of recent studies. Results showed higher BNST activity compared to the CM during the cue indicating that the upcoming confrontation is aversive relative to the cue indicating an upcoming neutral confrontation. Both the CM and BNST showed higher activity during the confrontation with unpredictable and aversive stimuli, but the reaction to aversive confrontation relative to neutral confrontation was stronger in the CM compared to the BNST. Additional modulation analyses by NPSR1 rs324981 genotype revealed higher BNST activity relative to the CM in unpredictable anticipation relative to predictable anticipation in T-carriers compared to AA carriers. Our results indicate that during the confrontation with aversive or neutral stimuli, temporal unpredictability modulates CM and BNST activity. Further, there is a differential activity concerning threat processing, as BNST is more involved when focussing on fear-related anticipation processes and CM is more involved when focussing on threat confrontation.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-09-18
Keywords: Amygdala; Anticipation; BNST; Confrontation; Temporal predictability

Body posture and interpersonal perception in a dyadic interaction: A Big Two analysis - Abele-Brehm, Andrea; Yzerbyt, Vincent (European Journal of Social Psychology, 2021)
Body posture influences feelings about the self, but little is known about its impact on social cognition more generally. We apply the Big Two framework (Agency/Competence, Communion/Warmth) and study how body posture influences interpersonal perception in a dyadic interaction. In three experiments, we studied dyads with different body postures (Exps. 1 and 2: expanded/restricted; Exp. 3: expanded/neutral). Dyad members worked on a joint task, and rated self and other. Findings showed that participants in an expanded posture rated the self higher and the other lower on agency, whereas those in a submissive (or neutral) posture rated the self lower and the other higher on agency. In Experiment 2, participants in a submissive posture also rated their communion lower. Results are important both for the impact of body posture on interpersonal perception and for context effects in the relationship of Agency versus Communion ratings of self and others.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2021-02-19

Book review: An introduction to behavioral endocrinology (5th edition) - Köllner, Martin (Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2018)

Book Review: The Psychologist’s Companion (6th edition) - Schmiedl, Helena; Köllner, Martin (Frontiers in Psychology, 2019)

Bouldering psychotherapy is effective in enhancing perceived self-efficacy in people with depression: results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial - Kratzer, André; Luttenberger, Katharina; Karg-Hefner, Nina; Weiss, Maren; Dorscht, Lisa (BMC Psychology, 2021)
Background: Recent studies have suggested that therapeutic climbing/bouldering may have positive effects on perceived self-efficacy. Nevertheless, there is still an urgent need for high-quality studies, as many existing studies have suffered from methodological problems. Therefore, the current work was aimed at investigating the effect of a manualized bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) on perceived self-efficacy in people with depression, compared with a home-based physical exercise program (EP) and state-of-the-art cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBT). Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, 233 people with depression were randomly assigned to one group (BPT, EP, or CBT). Perceived self-efficacy was assessed at baseline (t0) and directly after the 10-week intervention period (t1) with the GSE. In addition, depression was assessed with the PHQ-9 and the MADRS. We computed t tests, analyses of variance (ANOVAs), confounder-adjusted hierarchical regression analyses, mediation analyses, and several sensitivity analyses. Results: BPT participants showed a significantly larger increase in perceived self-efficacy on the GSE compared with the EP (an increase of 3.04 vs. 1.26 points, p =.016, Cohen’s d = 0.39). In the confounder-adjusted hierarchical multiple regression analysis, group allocation (BPT vs. EP) was found to be the only significant predictor of the postintervention GSE score (β =.16, p =.014) besides the baseline GSE score (β =.69, p <.001). No differences were found between BPT and CBT participants regarding the effect on perceived self-efficacy. Only in the CBT group, the relationship between depression at baseline and postintervention was partially mediated (23%) by perceived self-efficacy. Conclusions: Participation in the manualized BPT in a group setting leads to a clinically relevant enhancement of perceived self-efficacy in people with depression. This effect is superior to that of physical exercise alone. The results provide also initial indications that BPT is comparable to CBT in enhancing perceived self-efficacy, suggesting a strong case for a broader use of BPT as a supplement to existing health services. Future studies should focus on the modes of action of BPT and its effect on perceived self-efficacy in people with other mental or physical disorders. Trial registration ISRCTN12457760, registered partly retrospectively, 26 July 2017.
Created from Fastlane, Scopus look-up
Keywords: Bouldering; Depression; Physical Exercise; Psychotherapy; Self Efficacy; Therapeutic climbing

Bouldering psychotherapy is not inferior to cognitive behavioural therapy in the group treatment of depression: A randomized controlled trial - Luttenberger, Katharina; Berking, Matthias; Kind, Leona; Weiss, Maren; Kornhuber, Johannes; Dorscht, Lisa; Karg-Hefner, Nina (British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2021)
Objectives: Bouldering has shown promising results in the treatment of various health problems. In previous research, bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) was shown to be superior to a waitlist control group and to physical exercise with regard to reducing symptoms of depression. The primary aim of this study was to compare group BPT with group cognitive behavioural psychotherapy (CBT) to test the hypothesis that BPT would be equally as effective as CBT. Design: We conducted a randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded non-inferiority trial in which 156 outpatients meeting the criteria of a depressive episode according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups (CBT: N = 77, BPT: N = 79). Methods: Intervention groups were manualized and treated for 10 weeks with a maximum of 11 participants and two therapists. The primary outcome was depressive symptom severity assessed with the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Patient Health questionnaire (PHQ-9) at the beginning and end of the treatment phase as well as one year after the end of treatment. Result: In both groups, depressive symptoms improved significantly by an average of one severity level, moving from moderate to mild depressive symptoms after therapy (MADRS difference scores: BPT −8.06, 95% CI [−10.85, −5.27], p <.001; CBT −5.99, 95% CI [−8.55, −3.44], p <.001). The non-inferiority of BPT in comparison with CBT was established on the basis of the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval falling above all of the predefined margins. BPT was found to be effective in both the short (d = 0.89) and long term (d = 1.15). Conclusion: Group BPT was found to be equally as effective as group CBT. Positive effects were maintained until at least 12 months after the end of therapy. Thus, BPT is a promising approach for broadening the therapeutic field of therapies for depression. Practitioner points: Physical activity is effective in the treatment of depression and current guidelines explicitly recommend it as a complementary method for the treatment of depression. Nevertheless, body-related interventions are still underrepresented in current treatments for depression. Bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) combines physical activity with psychotherapeutic content. Its concept relies on proven effective factors from CBT such as exposure training, problem solving and practicing new functional behaviours and is thus an enrichment and implementation of CBT methods on the bouldering wall. The positive effect of group bouldering psychotherapy (BPT) in reducing depressive symptoms in outpatients with depression is not inferior to the effect of group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Additionally the 10-weeks BPT-programme significantly improved symptoms of anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity as well as health-related quality of life, coping, body image, self-efficacy, and global self-esteem.
Created from Fastlane, Scopus look-up
Keywords: bouldering; cognitive behavioural therapy; depression; exercise; Group; physical activity; psychotherapy; rock climbing; sports

Brain activity during emotion perception: The role of attachment representation - Fraedrich, Eva; Lakatos, Kriszta; Spangler, Gottfried (Attachment and Human Development, 2010)
To examine emotional face processing in mothers of different attachment representations, event-related potentials were recorded from 16 mothers during presentation of infant emotion faces with positive, negative or neutral emotional expressions within a three-stimulus oddball paradigm, and frontal asymmetries were assessed. Insecure mothers, as compared to secure ones, showed a more pronounced negativity in the face-sensitive N170 component and a smaller N200 amplitude. Regarding the P300 component, secure mothers showed a stronger response to face stimuli than insecure mothers. No differences were found for frontal asymmetry scores. The results indicate that attachment differences may be related to neuropsychological functioning. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.

Brainspotting – the efficacy of a new therapy approach for the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in comparison to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - Hildebrand, Anja; Grand, David; Stemmler, Mark (Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2017)
Keywords: Evaluation; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Bridging the gaps between basic science and cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders in routine care: Current status and future demands - Richter, Jan; Pittig, Andre; Hollandt, Maike; Lueken, Ulrike (Journal of Psychology / Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 2017)
As a core component of cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT), behavioral exposure is an effective treatment for anxiety disorders. Still, recent treatment studies demonstrate relatively high rates of treatment dropout, nonresponse, and relapse, indicating a substantial need for optimizing and personalizing existing treatment procedures. In the present article, we aim to address current challenges and future demands for translational research in CBT for the anxiety disorders, including (a) a better understanding of those mechanisms conferring behavioral change, (b) identifying important sources of individual variation that may act as moderators of treatment response, and (c) targeting practical barriers for dissemination of exposure therapy to routine care. Based on a recursive process model of psychotherapy research we will describe distinct steps to systematically translate basic and clinical research "from bench to bedside" to routine care, but also vice versa. Some of these aspects may stimulate the future roadmap for evidence-based psychotherapy research in order to better target the treatment of anxiety disorders as one core health challenge of our time.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: Anxiety disorders; Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT); Exposure; Individualized psychotherpy; Routine care

Bullying at school as predictor of delinquency, violence and other antisocial behaviour in adulthood - Bender, Doris; Lösel, Friedrich (Criminal behaviour and mental health, 2011)

Burnout, hair cortisol, and timing: Hyper- or hypocortisolism? - Rohleder, Nicolas (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2017)

Business travel: The role of meaning and control. - Müller, Teresa; Hommelhoff, Sabine; Westman, Mina; Niessen, Cornelia (Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 2020)

Calling and Burnout: Integrating Career Research with Occupational Health Psychology - Hagmaier-Göttle, Tamara; Volmer, Judith; Spurk, Daniel (Psychology of burnout : new research, 2013)
People are increasingly in search for meaning in their work and private life. They want to increase their self-awareness and reach personal fulfillment. People who are not able to cope with life's challenges often suffer from burnout, anxiety and depression. Consequently, the construct of calling becomes more and more important in the occupational context because of its positive consequences regarding numerous work (e.g. organizational commitment) and non-work-related outcomes (e.g. depression, life satisfaction) for individuals as well as for organizations. Building on first promising findings, the aim of the following chapter is to investigate the association of experiencing a calling in one's job and burnout (here defined as psychological phenomenon of prolonged exhaustion and disengagement at work, cf., Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter, 2001). Our findings suggest that experiencing one's work as a calling is negatively related to burnout. Especially with regard to the sub-dimension of disengagement, experiencing a calling turned out to be a protective factor. Further, the burnout sub-dimension of disengagement mediated the relationship between the experience of a calling and job satisfaction. Implications for further research and health-related preventive strategies are discussed.
Keywords: Beruflicher Stress; Organisationsverbundenheit; Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz; Angst; Depressive Stimmung; Lebenszufriedenheit; Arbeitszufriedenheit; Protektive Faktoren

Can accepting criticism be an effective impression management strategy for public figures? A comparison with denials and a counterattack. - Methner, Nicole; Bruckmüller, Susanne; Steffens, Melanie (Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 2020)
The way public figures react to criticism can influence perceptions of and trust in them. We tested whether politicians who openly accepted criticism were perceived as more moral and warmer (i.e., more communal) and were trusted more than politicians who rejected criticism. Using fictitious politicians, Experiments 1–3 showed the expected positive effect of accepting criticism on communion and trust, moderated neither by the politician’s party affiliation (Experiment 2) nor by attacked dimension (competence or morality; Experiment 3, preregistered). With a front-runner in an upcoming election as target, Experiment 4 replicated the positive effect, but only for participants with a political orientation matching the politician’s affiliation. Taken together, acknowledging mistakes can be an effective impression management strategy for public figures.<br
Keywords: communication; impression management; warmth; agency; trust; social behavior

CAN EMINENCE IN STEAM PRODUCE MORE FEMALE ROLE MODELS? RECENT TRENDS IN PRIZES KNOWN AS THE NOBEL OR THE HIGHEST HONORS OF A FIELD - Nunez, Miguelina; Yu, Hsiao Ping; Ziegler, Albert (Contemporary Educational Research Quarterly, 2023)
Purpose In many STEM fields, the intersectionality of gender and excellence is a frequently noted phenomenon, i.e., women are underrepresented in STEM in general and specifically, at the top. Role models presumably play a key part in closing this equity gap. However, these are not available in sufficient numbers. Many researchers have suggested better outreach to female talents by integrating the arts into STEAM. One possibility might be that such an integration would make more female role models available to STEAM talent pools. (82) Design/methodology/approach We explored the availability of potential role models for female talents by analysing the ten most prestigious awards in STEM and the arts over the past 42-plus years using a 2 X 2 X 2 X 10 hierarchical log-linear analysis. Variables were gender (female vs. male), award type (STEM or arts), award (ten different awards per award type), and time period (1980–2000 vs 2001–2021). Three research questions were investigated: (1) whether and to what extent gender gaps exist in Nobel Prizes and prizes known as the Nobel, or the highest honors of a field in STEM and in the arts, (2) whether gender gaps in Nobel Prizes and prizes known as the Nobel or the highest honors are equally distributed across individual STEM fields and across the individual arts domains, and (3) what trends emerge in the recipient pool of Nobel Prize winners and winners of prizes known as the Nobel or the highest honors. (156) Findings/results First, women do receive substantially fewer of the top awards, with a slightly larger gender gap in STEM than in the arts. Second, findings showed large differences in the probabilities with which each STEM or arts prize was awarded to women. Thus, differences emerge not only between STEM and the arts, but also within STEM and arts awards. Third, there were comparable significant increases in awards to women in both STEM and the arts after the turn of the millennium. Originality/value The prizes explored in this study were awarded between 1980 and 2021. Future researchers should explore whether the gains made at the turn of the millennium for female talent pools have or are in the process of calcifying as of the publication date of this article. While the researchers of this study did not focus on the nomination pool, a cursory look at 100 years of Academy Award nominations reveals that female talent was not being considered, and thus could not be awarded. Does this extend to the nomination pools of other eminence prizes? Additionally, there are still far too few non-stereotypical, female role models at the top tiers of arts domains that might “inoculate” against the male STEM stereotype. If the introduction of male talent into female gender-typed work or ‘women’s work’ produces ever more eminence prizes for male talent, then a question of quality control has been raised and should be leveraged against talent pools, particularly in the STEM/STEAM domains where male talent dominates. Implications for policy/practice Introducing arts into STEM is not enough to bridge the achievement gender gap. Future studies might focus on whether eminence prizes are appropriate end-points of career development, particularly in the context of female talent development in STEM/STEAM fields. Moreover, this paper discussed the effect of gender concurrence and eminence prizes: the effect of female role models on women. However, this effect can also extend to male talent pools. Future research on the effects of successful female role models in STEAM should therefore include effects on boys.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-12-22
Keywords: arts; gender; Nobel Prize; role model; STEAM; STEM; talent development

Career Decision Making: Relationships with Constructs Related to Employability and Initial Validation of the German Career Decision Making Profile - Ebner, Katharina; Thiele, Lisa; Kauffeld, Simone; Spurk, Daniel (17th Congress of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2015)

Career stagnation: Underlying dilemmas and solutions in contemporary work environments. - Abele, Andrea E.; Volmer, Judith; Spurk, Daniel (Work and quality of life: ethical practices in organizations. International handbooks of quality-of-life., 2012)
Most people experience phases in which they do not move ahead or in which they feel that they are not making career progress. These phases can be factual, for example, when someone does not get promoted; they can also be a subjective interpretation, for example, when a person has unrealistic career goals, or a generally pessimistic worldview. In this chapter, we are concerned with career stagnation as the involuntary—at least temporary—end of one's career development. Career stagnation has a negative impact on a person's quality of life. This negative impact will be the stronger the longer this career stagnation is experienced and the more a person feels unable to overcome it. Career stagnation will become a dilemma when an individual is not able to cope with it and/or if every means of dealing with career stagnation has both desired and undesired consequences. This chapter deals with dilemmas associated with career stagnation and thereby focuses on objective (e.g., promotion stagnation) and subjective (e.g., dissatisfaction) aspects of career stagnation. In the first section of the chapter, specific person-level and interpersonal-level dilemmas (self-efficacy-related, goal-related, attitude-related, dual-career-related) are identified and possible influences on objective and subjective career stagnation will be addressed. In the second section of the chapter, specific organization-level dilemmas (lack of support, bullying/mobbing, stereotypes/discrimination) are identified and again influences on objective and subjective career stagnation are addressed. In the third section of the chapter, interventions to overcome these dilemmas will be presented (e.g., self-efficacy and self-management trainings, career counseling, mentoring, anti-mobbing/anti-bullying strategies, recruitment strategies for dual-career couples, and antidiscrimination strategies). Throughout this chapter, we will refer to unethical behavior as the injury of the employees' rights of balance, respect, responsibility, autonomy, participation, justice, and voice. More specifically, we will identify topics in which these rights may be ignored easily by the employer and/or the employee, and we will give recommendations on how to deal with these potentially unethical workplace situations. Further topics that may be relevant in regard to career stagnation such as job insecurity, unemployment, or dead-end jobs will not be discussed as they are beyond the scope of this chapter. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: career stagnation; work environments; career development; quality of life; quality of work life; job dissatisfaction; ethical behavior

CARWatch – A smartphone application for improving the accuracy of cortisol awakening response sampling - Richer, Robert; Abel, Luca; Küderle, Arne; Eskofier, Björn; Rohleder, Nicolas (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2023)
Background Many studies investigating the cortisol awakening response (CAR) suffer from low adherence to the study protocol as well as from the lack of precise and objective methods for assessing the awakening and saliva sampling times which leads to measurement bias on CAR quantification. Methods To address this issue, we have developed “CARWatch”, a smartphone application that aims to enable low-cost and objective assessment of saliva sampling times as well as to concurrently increase protocol adherence. As proof-of-concept study, we assessed the CAR of N=117 healthy participants (24.2 ± 8.7 years, 79.5% female) on two consecutive days. During the study, we recorded awakening times (AW) using self-reports, the CARWatch application, and a wrist-worn sensor, and saliva sampling times (ST) using self-reports and the CARWatch application. Using combinations of different AW and ST modalities, we derived different reporting strategies and compared the reported time information to a Naive sampling strategy assuming an ideal sampling schedule. Additionally, we compared the AUCI, computed using information from different reporting strategies, against each other to demonstrate the effect of inaccurate sampling on the CAR. Results The use of CARWatch led to a more consistent sampling behavior and reduced sampling delay compared to self-reported saliva sampling times. Additionally, we observed that inaccurate saliva sampling times, as resulting from self-reports, were associated with an underestimation of CAR measures. Our findings also revealed potential error sources for inaccuracies in self-reported sampling times and showed that CARWatch can help in better identifying, and possibly excluding, sampling outliers that would remain undiscovered by self-reported sampling. Conclusion The results from our proof-of-concept study demonstrated that CARWatch can be used to objectively record saliva sampling times. Further, it suggests its potential of increasing protocol adherence and sampling accuracy in CAR studies and might help to reduce inconsistencies in CAR literature resulting from inaccurate saliva sampling. For that reason, we published CARWatch and all necessary tools under an open-source license, making it freely accessible to every researche
Keywords: CAR; Saliva; Adherence; Sampling accuracy; Smartphone; App

Case report for an internet- and mobile-based intervention for internet use disorder - Bernstein, Karina; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Pekarek, Emilia; Schaub, Michael Patrick; Berking, Matthias; Baumeister, Harald; Ebert, David Daniel (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2023)
Background and aims: Internet use disorder (IUD), characterized as the inability to control one’s internet use, is associated with reduced quality of life and mental health comorbidities such as depression, substance abuse, or anxiety. Evidence-based treatment options are scarce due to the novelty of the diagnosis. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI) may be an effective means to deliver psychological treatment to individuals with IUD as they address affected individuals in their online setting. This study presents a newly developed IMI for IUD disclosing treatment satisfaction and preliminary effects by exemplifying with a case report. Methods: The case of a female participant with IUD, characterized by an excessive use of social media, is analyzed. The case report follows the CARE guidelines and presents qualitative and quantitative outcomes regarding potential symptom reduction measured by the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS), treatment satisfaction measured by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) and feasibility by analyzing participant’s written feedback during treatment. Results: The case report shows that internet- and mobile-based interventions may be feasible in supporting an individual in reducing symptoms of IUD as well as depressive symptoms, anxiety and procrastination behavior. Treatment satisfaction was reported as good. Discussion and conclusions: This case report illustrates that IMIs can have the potential to be an easily accessible and possibly effective treatment option for IUD. Case studies on IMIs may provide insights into important mechanisms for symptom change. Further studies are needed to expand our understanding of this diverse disorder to provide adequate treatment. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/,DRKS00015314.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-08-18
Keywords: case report; internet use disorder; internet- and mobile-based intervention; social media use; student

Ceilings, cliffs and labyrinths: Exploring metaphors for workplace gender discrimination - Bruckmüller, Susanne; Ryan, Michelle; Haslam, Stuart M.; Peters, Kim (The SAGE handbook of gender and psychology, 2013)

Challenges in Recruiting University Students for Web-Based Indicated Prevention of Depression and Anxiety: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (ICare Prevent) - Bolinski, Felix; Kleiboer, Annet; Neijenhuijs, Koen; Karyotaki, Eirini; Wiers, Reinout; De Koning, Lisa; Jacobi, Corinna; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Weisel, Kiona; Cuijpers, Pim; Riper, Heleen (Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2022)
Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health conditions in college and university student populations. Offering transdiagnostic, web-based prevention programs such as ICare Prevent to those with subclinical complaints has the potential to reduce some barriers to receiving help (eg, availability of services, privacy considerations, and students' desire for autonomy). However, uptake of these interventions is often low, and accounts of recruitment challenges are needed to complement available effectiveness research in student populations.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2023-05-05

Change in Juvenile Offending Versatility Predicted by Individual, Familial, and Environmental Risks - Wallner, Susanne; Thomas, Hoben; Stemmler, Mark (International journal of conflict and violence, 2021)
Developmental and life-course criminology elucidate the developmental course and change of antisociality over time, considering that longitudinal trajectories differ. Specific relations between risks and different antisociality outcomes are emphasized. We assume that adolescents have different longitudinal trajectories considering the change of offending over time and that risks contribute variably to offending pathways. The current study is based on a German research project in which adolescents (N = 577) were interviewed in two German cities. Based on self-reported crime data, we utilized the slope values of offending versatility (OV) over time as outcome values in regression mixture models capturing the trends for participants over age and exhibiting two components of offending adolescents. We explored the contribution of different risks to OV, defining specific risk patterns: Acceptance of violence and peer delinquency have significant negative effects on the emergence of OV within the group of adolescents with decreasing OV. Acceptance of violence has a significant negative effect, and corporal punishment has a significant positive effect on the emergence of OV within the group of adolescents with increasing or rather stable OV. The results underline the relevance of the violence-related risk factor corporal punishment for the emergence of OV within the last-mentioned group.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2021-10-29

Change of Threat Expectancy as Mechanism of Exposure-Based Psychotherapy for Anxiety Disorders: Evidence From 8,484 Exposure Exercises of 605 Patients - Pittig, Andre; Heinig, Ingmar; Goerigk, Stephan; Richter, Jan; Hollandt, Maike; Lueken, Ulrike; Pauli, Paul; Deckert, Jurgen; Kircher, Tilo; Straube, Benjamin; Neudeck, Peter; Koelkebeck, Katja; et al. (Clinical Psychological Science, 2022)
Individual responses to behavioral treatment of anxiety disorders vary considerably, which requires a better understanding of underlying processes. In this study, we examined the violation and change of threat beliefs during exposure. From 8,484 standardized exposure records of 605 patients with different anxiety disorders, learning indicators were derived: expectancy violation as mismatch between threat expectancy before exposure and threat occurrence, expectancy change as difference between original and adjusted expectancy after exposure, and prediction-error learning rate as extent to which expectancy violation transferred into change. Throughout sessions, high threat expectancy but low occurrence and adjusted expectancy indicated successful violation and change of threat beliefs by exposure. Expectancy violation, change, and learning rate substantially varied between patients. Not expectancy violation itself, but higher learning rate and expectancy change predicted better treatment outcome. Successful exposure thus requires expectancy violation to induce actual expectancy change, supporting learning from prediction error as transdiagnostic mechanism underlying successful exposure therapy.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-10-21

Changes in learning motivation and interest in vocational education: Halfway through the study - Kramer, Klaudia; Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; et al. (Interest and Learning. Proceedings of the Seeon Conference on Interest and Gender, 1998)

Charting the social neuroscience of human attachment (SoNeAt) - White, Lars; Kungl, Melanie; Vrticka, Pascal (Attachment and Human Development, 2023)
This introduction aims to set out the potential as well as some of the pitfalls of the newly emerging area of the Social Neuroscience of Human Attachment (SoNeAt). To organize and interconnect the burgeoning empirical studies in this line of research, including those in this special issue, we outline a programmatic framework including an extension of our conceptual proposals NAMA and NAMDA to guide future research. We hope that this special issue will act as a stimulus for redoubling our efforts advancing the newly emerging SoNeAt area bridging attachment theory and social neuroscience.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-02-17
Keywords: attachment; NAMA; NAMDA; Social neuroscience; SoNeAt

Child abuse and neglect: Screening for risks during the perinatal period - Besier, T.; Pillhofer, Melanie; Botzenhart, S.; Ziegenhain, Ute; Kindler, Heinz; Spangler, Gottfried; Bovenschen, Ina; Gabler, Sandra; Künster, Anne (Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, 2012)
Purpose: Currently, there is a claim for earlier interventions for families in order to prevent child maltreatment. Here, a screening instrument to assess risk indicators for child abuse and neglect already in the context of maternity clinics is introduced. The present study is the first report on the psychometric properties of this instrument, the "short questionnaire for risk indices around birtho" (RIAB). Material and Methods: Data were collected in the context of three different studies conducted at Ulm University Hospital. To examine interrater reliability eight case vignettes were rated by n = 90 study participants (50 students and 40 experts working at a maternity clinic). Criterion validity was examined in two studies applying the German version of the child abuse potential inventory CAPI (n = 96 families at risk and n = 160 additional families). Results: Both laymen and experts were able to understand and use the screening instrument correctly, leading to a high agreement with the sample solutions given. A high concordance was found between parents and experts ratings: In case of no reported risk factors applying the screening instrument RIAB, parents themselves reported significantly less stressors and burdens, compared to those parents with an indication for a thorough examination as pointed out in the RIAB. Conclusion: In the context of maternity clinics the RIAB is a useful, broadly applicable instrument, screening for existing risk factors at the earliest and thus allowing for the initiation of specific interventions when needed. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart • New York •.

Childhood physical neglect is associated with exaggerated systemic and intracellular inflammatory responses to repeated psychosocial stress in adulthood - Schreier, Hannah M. C.; Kuras, Yuliya I.; McInnis, Christine M.; Thoma, Myriam V.; St Pierre, Danielle G.; Hanlin, Luke; Chen, Xuejie; Wang, Diana; Goldblatt, Dena; Rohleder, Nicolas (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020)

Child problem behavior in kindergarten and in primary school: A comparison between configural frequency analysis and logistic regression - Stemmler, Mark Kurt; Lösel, Friedrich; Beelmann, Andreas; Jaursch, Stefanie; Zenkert, Barbara (Psychology Science, 2005)
This study compares a variable-oriented and a person-oriented analysis of the stability of child problem behavior from kindergarten to primary school. The sample contained 448 children from the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study (Lösel, Beelmann & Stemmler, 1998). Problem behavior in kindergarten was measured using preschool teachers’ ratings on the Social Behavior Questionnaire (Tremblay et al., 1992). Indicators of problem behavior in the classroom were derived from a content analysis of the teachers’ remarks in the school report cards of the first grade. Multiple regression and prediction configuration frequency analysis (CFA) were used for the methodological comparison. Male gender and externalizing problems in kindergarten proved to be significant predictors of problem behavior in school. In contrast to multiple regression, prediction CFA revealed significant interaction effects. Girls who did not exhibit beha vioral problems in kindergarten were significantly under-represented among difficult children at school (antitype). In the group of boys with intensive problems at school, boys with externalizing problems or with both externalizing problems and internalizing problems in kindergarten were significantly more frequent than expected (two types). The exclu- sion of these two small stable deviant groups from the total sample, led to a substantial reduction in the predictive validity of the variable-oriented analysis. The results are discussed within the context of developmental psychology and methodology.
Keywords: child behavior problems; externalizing and internalizing problems; prediction configural frequency analysis (P-CFA); multiple regression; person-oriented approach

Children of Mentally III Parents at Risk Evaluation (COMPARE): Design and Methods of a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Study-Part I - Christiansen, Hanna; Reck, Corinna; Zietlow, Anna-Lena; Otto, Kathleen; Steinmayr, Ricarda; Wirthwein, Linda; Weigelt, Sarah; Stark, Rudolf; Ebert, David; Buntrock, Claudia; Krisam, Johannes; Klose, Christina; et al. (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2019)
Objectives: Mental disorders are frequent, associated with disability-adjusted life years, societal, and economic costs. Children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) are at an increased risk to develop disorders themselves. The transgenerational transmission of mental disorders has been conceptualized in a model that takes parental and family factors, the social environment (i.e., school, work, and social support), parent-child-interaction and possible child outcomes into account. The goal of the "Children of Mentally Ill Parents At Risk Evaluation" (COMPARE) study will thus be twofold: (1) to establish the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a high-quality randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the aim of interrupting the intergenerational transmission of mental disorders in COPMI, (2) to test the components of the trans-generational transmission model of mental disorders.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-04-09

Child Social Skills Training in the Prevention of Antisocial Development and Crime - Lösel, Friedrich; Bender, Doris (The Oxford Handbook of Crime Prevention, 2012)
This article studies child social skills training, which can be easily implemented by teachers in schools or preschools. This training aims to prevent antisocial development in children, which may ultimately lead to criminal behavior in the future. The discussion begins with a brief conceptual and theoretical background of child social skills training. It is then followed by a description of some leading child skills programs, such as the I Can Problem Solve (ICPS) and Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS). Finally, this article considers the effects and effectiveness of these programs.
Keywords: child social skills training; antisocial development; child skills programs

Chinas Erfolg bei PISA: Zufall oder Artefakt - Ziegler, Albert; Harder, Bettina; Trottler, Susanne (Labyrinth, 2014)

Chronic interpersonal stress predicts activation of pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways 6 months later - Miller, Gregory E.; Rohleder, Nicolas; Cole, Steve (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2009)

Chronic Stress and Disease - Rohleder, Nicolas (Insights to Neuroimmune Biology, 2016)
Chronic stress is cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with disease development and reduced life expectancy. Chronic stress can take many different forms, from extreme or traumatic single life events such as rape, accidents, natural disasters to long-term exposure to stressful conditions, such as caregiving, and finally, to accumulation of daily hassles, in someone's private life as well as in the work environment. As summarized in this chapter, there is now strong evidence linking many different forms of chronic stress with different diseases, with shorter life expectancy. In our quest to understand, and potentially intervene against, the health effects of chronic stress, research has targeted the communication systems linking the CNS, in which stress experience is located, with the periphery of the organism, in which damage accumulates that ultimately leads to disease and death.
Keywords: Caregiving; Chronic stress; Dependent systems; HPA axis

Classification of Acute Stress-Induced Response Patterns - Abel, Luca; Richer, Robert; Küderle, Arne; Gradl, Stefan; Eskofier, Björn; Rohleder, Nicolas (EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth '19), 2019)
Modern machine learning techniques enable new possibilities for the analysis of psychological data. In the field of health psychology, it is of interest to explore the biological processes triggered by acute stress. This work introduces a method to automatically classify individuals into distinct stress responder groups based on these biological processes. Two important stress-sensitive markers were used: Salivary cortisol and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in blood plasma. Controlled stress was induced using the Trier Social Stress Test on two consecutive days. Results show that Support Vector Machines performed best on the given dataset. We distinguished four different cortisol and three different IL-6 responder types with high mean accuracies (92.2%±9.7% and 91.2%±6.3%, respectively). Classification results were mainly limited by class imbalances and high intra-class standard deviations. Whereas promising as a first application of machine learning on such datasets, generalizability and real-world applicability of our results need to be proven by further research.<br
Keywords: machine learning; health psychology; acute stress; psychosocial stress; TSST; cortisol; IL-6

Classification of body dysmorphic disorder - What is the advantage of the new DSM-5 criteria? - Schieber, Katharina; Kollei, Ines; De Zwaan, Martina; Martin, Alexandra (Journal of psychosomatic research, 2015)
In DSM-5 the diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has been subjected to two important changes: Firstly, BDD has been assigned to the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Secondly, a new criterion has been defined requiring the presence of repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to appearance concerns. The aims of this study were to report the prevalence rates of BDD based on a DSM-5 diagnosis, and to evaluate the impact of the recently introduced DSM-5 criteria for BDD by comparing the prevalence rates (DSM-5 vs.BDD-criteria (DSM-IV/DSM-5), dysmorphic concerns, and depressive symptoms, were assessed in a representative sample of the German general population (N=2129, aged 18-65years).The association between BDD case identification based on DSM-IV and DSM-5 was strong (Phi=.95, p<.001), although point prevalence of BDD according to DSM-5 was slightly lower (2.9%, n=62 vs. 3.2%, n=68). Approximately one third of the identified BDD (DSM-5) cases reported time-consuming behavioral acts in response to appearance concerns. In detail, 0.8% of the German general population fulfilled the BDD criteria and reported repetitive acts of at least one hour/day.The revised criteria of BDD in DSM-5 do not seem to have an impact on prevalence rates. However, the recently added B-criterion reflects more precisely the clinical symptoms of BDD, and may be useful for distinguishing between various severity levels related to repetitive behaviors/mental acts.
EVALuna2:24017

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a guided internet-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to improve chronic pain-related disability in green professions (PACT-A): study protocol of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial - Terhorst, Yannik; Braun, Lina; Titzler, Ingrid; Buntrock, Claudia; Freund, Johanna; Thielecke, Janika; Ebert, David; Baumeister, Harald (BMJ Open, 2020)
INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain is highly prevalent, associated with substantial personal and economic burdens, and increased risk for mental disorders. Individuals in green professions (agriculturists, horticulturists, foresters) show increased prevalence of chronic pain and other risk factors for mental disorders. Available healthcare services in rural areas are limited. Acceptance towards face-to-face therapy is low. Internet and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) might be a promising alternative for this population and may enable effective treatment of chronic pain. The present study aims to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an ACT-based IMI for chronic pain in green professions in comparison with enhanced treatment as usual (TAU+). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A two-armed pragmatic randomised controlled trial will be conducted. Two hundred eighty-six participants will be randomised and allocated to either an intervention or TAU+ group. Entrepreneurs in green professions, collaborating spouses, family members and pensioners with chronic pain are eligible for inclusion. The intervention group receives an internet-based intervention based on ACT (7 modules, over 7 weeks) guided by a trained e-coach to support adherence (eg, by positive reinforcement). Primary outcome is pain interference (Multidimensional Pain Interference scale; MPI) at 9 weeks post-randomisation. Secondary outcomes are depression severity (Quick Inventory Depressive Symptomology; QIDS-SR16), incidence of major depressive disorder, quality of life (Assessment of Quality of Life; AQoL-8D) and possible side effects associated with the treatment (Inventory for the Assessment of Negative Effects of Psychotherapy; INEP). Psychological flexibility (Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, Committed Action Questionnaire, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire) will be evaluated as a potential mediator of the treatment effect. Furthermore, mediation, moderation and health-economic analyses from a societal perspective will be performed. Outcomes will be measured using online self-report questionnaires at baseline, 9-week, 6-month, 12-month, 24-month and 36-month follow-ups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Ulm, Germany (file no. 453/17-FSt/Sta; 22 February 2018). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: German Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00014619. Registered on 16 April 2018.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-09-18
Keywords: chronic pain; green professions; internet- and mobile-based intervention; prevention; randomised controlled trial

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of guided internet-based interventions in the indicated prevention of depression in green professions (PROD-A): Study protocol of a 36-month follow-up pragmatic randomized controlled trial - Braun, Lina; Titzler, Ingrid; Ebert, David; Buntrock, Claudia; Terhorst, Yannik; Freund, Johanna; Thielecke, Janika; Baumeister, Harald (BMC Psychiatry, 2019)
Background: People in green professions are exposed to a variety of risk factors, which could possibly enhance the development of depression. Amongst possible prevention approaches, internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) have been shown to be effective and scalable. However, little is known about the effectiveness in green professions. The aim of the present study is to examine the (cost-)effectiveness of a tailored IMI program for reducing depressive symptoms and preventing the onset of clinical depression compared to enhanced treatment as usual (TAU+). Methods: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate a tailored and therapeutically guided preventive IMI program in comparison to TAU+ with follow-ups at post-treatment (9 weeks), 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months. Entrepreneurs in green professions, collaborating spouses, family members and pensioners (N = 360) with sufficient insurance status and at least subthreshold depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) are eligible for inclusion. Primary outcome is depressive symptom severity (QIDS-SR16). Secondary outcomes include incidence of depression (QIDS-SR16), quality of life (AQoL-8D) and negative treatment effects (INEP). A health-economic evaluation will be conducted from a societal perspective. The IMI program is provided by psychologists of an external service company and consists of six guided IMIs (6-8 modules, duration: 6-8 weeks) targeting different symptoms (depressive mood, depressive mood with comorbid diabetes, perceived stress, insomnia, panic and agoraphobic symptoms or harmful alcohol use). Intervention choice depends on a screening of participants' symptoms and individual preferences. The intervention phase is followed by a 12-months consolidating phase with monthly contact to the e-coach. Discussion: This is the first pragmatic RCT investigating long-term effectiveness of a tailored guided IMI program for depression prevention in green professions. The present trial builds on a large-scale strategy for depression prevention in green professions. The intended implementation of the IMI program with a nationwide rollout has the potential to reduce overall depression burden and associated health care costs in case of given effectiveness. Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00014000. Registered on 09 April 2018.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-09-17
Keywords: Depression; Green professions; Internet- and mobile-based interventions; Prevention; RCT

Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of Personalized Tele-Based Coaching for Farmers, Foresters and Gardeners to Prevent Depression: Study Protocol of an 18-Month Follow-Up Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (TEC-A) - Thielecke, Janika; Buntrock, Claudia; Titzler, Ingrid; Braun, Lina; Freund, Johanna; Berking, Matthias; Baumeister, Harald; Ebert, David (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020)
Background: Farmers show high levels of depressive symptoms and mental health problems in various studies. This study is part of a nationwide prevention project carried out by a German social insurance company for farmers, foresters, and gardeners (SVLFG) to implement internet- and tele-based services among others to improve mental health in this population. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness of personalized tele-based coaching for reducing depressive symptom severity and preventing the onset of clinical depression, compared to enhanced treatment as usual.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2020-05-02

Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of PSYCHOnlineTHERAPY: Study Protocol of a Multicenter Blended Outpatient Psychotherapy Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial for Patients With Depressive and Anxiety Disorders - Baumeister, Harald; Bauereiss, Natalie; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Braun, Lina; Buntrock, Claudia; Hoherz, Christian; Idrees, Abdul Rahman; Kraft, Robin; Meyer, Pauline; Nguyen, Tran Bao Dat; Pryss, Rudiger; Reichert, Manfred; et al. (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2021)
Introduction: Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) and their integration into routine psychotherapy (i.e., blended therapy) can offer a means of complementing psychotherapy in a flexible and resource optimized way. Objective: The present study will evaluate the non-inferiority, cost-effectiveness, and safety of two versions of integrated blended psychotherapy for depression and anxiety compared to standard cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Methods: A three-armed multicenter cluster-randomized controlled non-inferiority trial will be conducted comparing two implementations of blended psychotherapy (PSYCHOnlineTHERAPYfix/flex) compared to CBT. Seventy-five outpatient psychotherapists with a CBT-license will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio. Each of them is asked to include 12 patients on average with depressive or anxiety disorders resulting in a total sample size of N = 900. All patients receive up to a maximum of 16 psychotherapy sessions, either as routine CBT or alternating with Online self-help sessions (fix: 8/8; flex: 0–16). Assessments will be conducted at patient study inclusion (pre-treatment) and 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks and 12 months post-inclusion. The primary outcome is depression and anxiety severity at 18 weeks post-inclusion (post-treatment) using the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale. Secondary outcomes are depression and anxiety remission, treatment response, health-related quality of life, patient satisfaction, working alliance, psychotherapy adherence, and patient safety. Additionally, several potential moderators and mediators including patient characteristics and attitudes toward the interventions will be examined, complemented by ecological day-to-day digital behavior variables via passive smartphone sensing as part of an integrated smart-sensing sub-study. Data-analysis will be performed on an intention-to-treat basis with additional per-protocol analyses. In addition, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses will be conducted from a societal and a public health care perspective. Additionally, qualitative interviews on acceptance, feasibility, and optimization potential will be conducted and analyzed. Discussion: PSYCHOnlineTHERAPY will provide evidence on blended psychotherapy in one of the largest ever conducted psychotherapy trials. If shown to be non-inferior and cost-effective, PSYCHOnlineTHERAPY has the potential to innovate psychotherapy in the near future by extending the ways of conducting psychotherapy. The rigorous health care services approach will facilitate a timely implementation of blended psychotherapy into standard care. Trial Registration: The trial is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00023973; date of registration: December 28th 2020).
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-06-11
Keywords: anxiety; blended therapy; depression; E-Mental-Health; implementation; psychotherapy; routine care

Clinical depression and regulation of the inflammatory response during acute stress - Miller, Gregory E.; Rohleder, Nicolas; Stetler, Cinnamon; Kirschbaum, Clemens (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2005)

Clinical Ecopsychology: The Mental Health Impacts and Underlying Pathways of the Climate and Environmental Crisis - Thoma, Myriam V.; Rohleder, Nicolas; Rohner, Shauna L. (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2021)
Humankind is confronted with progressing climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and/or destruction of the air, soil, water, and ecosystems. The climate and environmental crisis is probably one of the greatest challenges in the history of humankind. It not only poses a serious current and continuing threat to physical health, but is also an existing and growing hazard to the mental health of millions of people worldwide. This synergy of literature provides a current summary of the adverse mental health impacts of the climate and environmental crisis from the perspective of Clinical Psychology. Furthermore, it presents potential underlying processes, including biological, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social pathways. The existing data suggest that the climate and environmental crisis not only acts as a direct stressor, but can also exert a detrimental impact on the various pathways, with the potential to amplify an individual's biopsychosocial vulnerability to develop mental ill-health. This is a call for an increased investigation into this emerging research field of Clinical Ecopsychology by clinical psychologists and other researchers.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-06-18
Keywords: climate change; mental disorder (disease); mental health; resilience; vulnerability

Coding implicit motives in movie clips: Descriptive statistics for a movie pool and coding reliability estimates. - Walther, Carola; Beyer, Bastian; Kerz, Katharina; Kleindienst, Anne; Krojer, Lena; Lentz, Sophie; Schultheiss, Oliver (Motivation Science, 2021)
The goal of the current study was to create a database of movie excerpts with descriptive data of their motivational content. A total sample of 20 movie clips of about 30 min each were selected from various motion pictures and documentaries that contain either (a) cues predominantly related to one motive, (b) cues related to multiple motives or (c) no or a minimum of motive imagery content. Adapting guidelines provided by Winter (1994) and using new software, the MovieMotiveCoder (Walther et al., 2016), six trained coders independently coded all excerpts for achievement, affiliation, and power motive imagery in the visual, auditory, and audiovisual channels. Satisfactory interrater reliability could be achieved for all motives and on all coding channels, suggesting that movies can be coded reliably. We present the motive content of the individual movie excerpts and make recommendations with regard to applications of coding motives in audiovisual material and the suitability of specific movies in future studies on motivation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-07-16
Keywords: audiovisual material; content coding; implicit motives; motivation arousal; movies

Cognitive ability and the instructional efficacy of collaborative concept mapping - Händel, Marion; Nesbit, John C.; Sandmann, Angela (Learning and individual differences, 2010)

Cognitive behavior therapy vs. control conditions, other psychotherapies, pharmacotherapies and combined treatment for depression: a comprehensive meta-analysis including 409 trials with 52,702 patients - Cuijpers, Pim; Miguel, Clara; Harrer, Mathias; Plessen, Constantin Yves; Ciharova, Marketa; Ebert, David; Karyotaki, Eirini (World Psychiatry, 2023)
Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is by far the most examined type of psychological treatment for depression and is recommended in most treatment guidelines. However, no recent meta-analysis has integrated the results of randomized trials examining its effects, and its efficacy in comparison with other psychotherapies, pharmacotherapies and combined treatment for depression remains uncertain. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies on CBT, and separated included trials into several subsets to conduct random-effects meta-analyses. We included 409 trials (518 comparisons) with 52,702 patients, thus conducting the largest meta-analysis ever of a specific type of psychotherapy for a mental disorder. The quality of the trials was found to have increased significantly over time (with increasing numbers of trials with low risk of bias, less waitlist control groups, and larger sample sizes). CBT had moderate to large effects compared to control conditions such as care as usual and waitlist (g=0.79; 95% CI: 0.70-0.89), which remained similar in sensitivity analyses and were still significant at 6-12 month follow-up. There was no reduction of the effect size of CBT according to the publication year (<2001 vs. 2001-2010 vs. >2011). CBT was significantly more effective than other psychotherapies, but the difference was small (g=0.06; 95% CI: 0-0.12) and became non-significant in most sensitivity analyses. The effects of CBT did not differ significantly from those of pharmacotherapies at the short term, but were significantly larger at 6-12 month follow-up (g=0.34; 95% CI: 0.09-0.58), although the number of trials was small, and the difference was not significant in all sensitivity analyses. Combined treatment was more effective than pharmacotherapies alone at the short (g=0.51; 95% CI: 0.19-0.84) and long term (g=0.32; 95% CI: 0.09-0.55), but it was not more effective than CBT alone at either time point. CBT was also effective as unguided self-help intervention (g=0.45; 95% CI: 0.31-0.60), in institutional settings (g=0.65; 95% CI: 0.21-1.08), and in children and adolescents (g=0.41; 95% CI: 0.25-0.57). We can conclude that the efficacy of CBT in depression is documented across different formats, ages, target groups, and settings. However, the superiority of CBT over other psychotherapies for depression does not emerge clearly from this meta-analysis. CBT appears to be as effective as pharmacotherapies at the short term, but more effective at the longer term.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-01-27
Keywords: antidepressants; cognitive behavior therapy; combined treatment; Depression; Internet-based interventions; meta-analysis; psychotherapies

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Complemented with Emotion Regulation Training for Patients with Persistent Physical Symptoms: A Randomised Clinical Trial - Kleinstäuber, Maria; Allwang, Christine; Bailer, Josef; Berking, Matthias; Brünahl, Christian; Erkic, Maja; Gitzen, Harald; Gollwitzer, Mario; Gottschalk, Japhia Marie; Heider, Jens; Hermann, Andrea; Lahmann, Claas; et al. (Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 2019)
INTRODUCTION: Persistent medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are a major burden for health care. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is efficacious for patients with MUS, with small to medium effects. The current study investigates whether therapy outcomes of a CBT for MUS patients can be improved by complementing it with emotion regulation training. METHODS: In a multicentre trial 255 patients with at least three persisting MUS were randomised to 20 sessions of either conventional CBT (n = 128) or CBT complemented with emotion regulation training (ENCERT; n = 127). Somatic symptom severity and secondary outcomes were assessed at pre-treatment, therapy session 8, end of therapy, and 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: Linear mixed-effect models revealed medium to large effects in both study arms for almost all outcomes at the end of therapy and 6-month follow-up. ENCERT and CBT did not differ in their effect on the primary outcome (d = 0.20, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.44). Significant time × group cross-level interactions suggested ENCERT to be of more benefit than conventional CBT for a few secondary outcomes. Moderator analyses revealed higher effects of ENCERT in patients with co-morbid mental disorders. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS: Current findings are based on a representative sample. Results demonstrate that both CBT and ENCERT can achieve strong effects on primary and secondary outcomes in MUS patients. Our results do not indicate that adding a training in emotion regulation skills generally improves the effect of CBT across all patients with MUS. Large effect sizes of both treatments and potential specific benefits of ENCERT for patients with co-morbid mental disorders are discussed.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-10-08
Keywords: Cognitive behaviour therapy; Emotion regulation; Persistent physical symptoms; Randomised controlled trial; Somatic symptom severity

Cognitive control strategies and adaptive performance in a complex work task. - Niessen, Cornelia; Lang, Jonas W.B. (The Journal of Applied Psychology, 2020)

Cognitive interference and a food-related memory bias in binge eating disorder. - Svaldi, Jennifer; Schmitz, Florian; Trentowska, Monika; Tuschen-Caffier, Brunna; Berking, Matthias; Naumann, Eva (Appetite, 2014)
The present study was concerned with cognitive interference and a specific memory bias for eating-related stimuli in binge eating disorder (BED). Further objectives were to find out under which circumstances such effects would occur, and whether they are related with each other and with reported severity of BED symptoms. A group of women diagnosed with BED and a matched sample of overweight controls completed two paradigms, an n-back task with lures and a recent-probes task. The BED group generally experienced more interference in the n-back task. Additionally, they revealed selectively increased interference for food items in the recent-probes task. Findings can be reconciled with the view that control functions are generally impaired in BED, and that there is an additional bias for eating-related stimuli, both of which were related with reported severity of BED symptoms.

Collaborative modelling of the vascular system - Designing and evaluating a new learning method for secondary students - Händel, Marion; Sandmann, Angela (Journal of biological education, 2010)

Combining EEG with eye tracking: Effects of filter settings on ERP amplitude for trials containing task relevant saccades - Kulke, Louisa; Kulke, Vincent (2020)
Co-registration of electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movements is becoming increasingly popular, as technology advances. This new method has several advantages, including the possibility of testing non-verbal populations and infants. However, eye movements can create artefacts in EEG data. Previous methods to remove eye-movement artefacts, have used high-pass filters before data processing. However, the role of filter settings for eye-artefact exclusion has not directly been investigated. The current study examined the effect of filter settings on EEG recorded in a dataset containing task-relevant eye movements. Part 1 models the effects of filters on eye-movement artifacts and part 2 demonstrates this effect on an EEG dataset containing task-relevant eye-movements. It shows that high-pass filters can lead to significant distortions and create artificial responses that are unrelated to the target. In conclusion, high-pass filter settings of 0.1 or lower can be recommended for EEG studies involving task-relevant eye movement

Commentary: Connecting cytokines to distress via cortisol concentrations - Cipriani, Enzo; Kerr, Philippe; Longpré-Poirier, Christophe; Rohleder, Nicolas; Juster, Robert Paul (Brain Behavior and Immunity, 2021)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-04-23

Commentary: Discrepancies Between Explicit Feelings of Power and Implicit Power Motives Are Related to Anxiety in Women With Anorexia Nervosa - Schultheiss, Oliver (Frontiers in Psychology, 2021)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-06-18
Keywords: assessment; critique; declarative measures; implicit motives; motivation; self-attributed needs

Commentary: Sexual dimorphism of facial width-to-height ratio in human skulls and faces: A meta-analytical approach - Köllner, Martin; Janson, Kevin; Schultheiss, Oliver (Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2018)

Communal and agentic content in social cognition: A dual perspective model. - Abele, Andrea E.; Wojciszke, Bogdan (Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2014)

Communication strategies for automated merging in dense traffic - Potzy, Johannes; Feuerbach, Magdalena; Bengler, Klaus (IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Proceedings, 2019)
The aim to integrate automated vehicles in manual traffic motivates the investigation of the communication of road users. Especially in situations of high traffic density, an automated lane change without cooperation of interacting traffic participants cannot be executed. Therefore, an automated vehicle needs a distinct interpretable strategy to inform interacting road users of its intention. In this presented driving study, different variations to announce a lane change to interacting traffic are performed on a test track and are evaluated (with 40 participants) in a within-subjects design. To gain standardized situations, all lane change maneuvers are executed automatically. During the study, different factors to announce a lane change, like the time to set the indicator, a weak or strong deceleration to the target gap or a lateral offset in advance of the lane change are investigated. Moreover, the influence of the lane change direction as well as the velocity of the target gap are analysed. The study illustrates that not only an indicator is crucial to announce a lane change. Also a strong deceleration to the target gap influences the processing of the information and cooperation of interacting traffic participants. Other factors, such as a lateral offset in advance of a lane change is evaluated as less important. In addition, the study implies higher cooperation and an influence of the lane change direction at slow velocities.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-09-27
Keywords: Automated driving; Communication; Lane change; Merging

Communion and self-esteem: No relationship? A closer look at the association of agency and communion with different components of self-esteem. - Hauke, Nicole; Abele, Andrea E. (Personality and individual differences, 2020)
Previous research has shown that self-esteem is dominated by agency, whereas communion shows no or only weak associations (Abele et al., 2016; Wojciszke, Baryla, Parzuchowski, Szymkow, & Abele, 2011). But does it really not matter for self-esteem if someone is honest or friendly? In our research, we will show that an in-depth analysis helps to resolve this question and provides new insights into the relationship of agency, communion, and self-esteem. Therefore, on the one hand, we differentiated the facets of agency (assertiveness and competence) and communion (warmth and morality). On the other hand, we looked at different components of self-esteem (performance, social, physical, and relational). We predicted communion to be related at least to social and relational self-esteem. This detailed analysis was conducted with different samples with altogether 2.357 participants stemming from six countries (Germany, France, Australia, Poland, China, and USA). Results showed that assertiveness dominates the performance, social, and physical components of personal self-esteem. While communion shows no strong association with personal self-esteem, as expected, warmth and morality have a substantial influence on relational self-esteem (in addition to agency). Thus, although agency definitively has a stronger impact on self-evaluation overall, communion is also related to self-esteem and important for a positive self-evaluatio
Keywords: Facets of agency and communion; Components of self-esteem; Personal self-esteem; Relational self-esteem

Comparative effectiveness of three versions of a stepped care model for insomnia differing in the amount of therapist support in internet-delivered treatment: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial (GET Sleep) - Spiegelhalder, Kai; Baumeister, Harald; Al-Kamaly, Abdulwahab; Bader, Martina; Bauereiss, Natalie; Benz, Fee; Braun, Lina; Buntrock, Claudia; Burkhardt, Maike; Cuijpers, Pim; Domschke, Katharina; Dülsen, Patrick; et al. (BMJ Open, 2022)
INTRODUCTION: It is unclear how internet-delivered cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can be integrated into healthcare systems, and little is known about the optimal level of therapist guidance. The aim of this study is to investigate three different versions of a stepped care model for insomnia (IG1, IG2, IG3) versus treatment as usual (TAU). IG1, IG2 and IG3 rely on treatment by general practitioners (GPs) in the entry level and differ in the amount of guidance by e-coaches in internet-delivered CBT-I. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: In this randomised controlled trial, 4268 patients meeting International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) criteria for insomnia will be recruited. The study will use cluster randomisation of GPs with an allocation ratio of 3:3:3:1 (IG1, IG2, IG3, TAU). In step 1 of the stepped care model, GPs will deliver psychoeducational treatment; in step 2, an internet-delivered CBT-I programme will be used; in step 3, GPs will refer patients to specialised treatment. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, and 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months after baseline assessment. The primary outcome is insomnia severity at 6 months. An economic evaluation will be conducted and qualitative interviews will be used to explore barriers and facilitators of the stepped care model. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Centre-University of Freiburg. The results of the study will be published irrespective of the outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: DRKS00021503.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-08-19
Keywords: Adult psychiatry; PSYCHIATRY; SLEEP MEDICINE

COMPARE Family (Children of Mentally III Parents at Risk Evaluation): A Study Protocol for a Preventive Intervention for Children of Mentally III Parents (Triple P, Evidence-Based Program That Enhances Parentings Skills, in Addition to Gold-Standard CBT With the Mentally III Parent) in a Multicenter RCT-Part II - Stracke, Markus; Gilbert, Kristin; Kieser, Meinhard; Klose, Christina; Krisam, Johannes; Ebert, David; Buntrock, Claudia; Christiansen, Hanna (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2019)
Background: Mental health problems are highly frequent, as well as being associated with enormous societal and economic costs and significant disability-adjusted life years. Children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) are at a tremendously increased risk to develop disorders themselves. According to the literature, parental mental disorders launch a wave of risk factors that in turn predict the emergence of psychological problems in the offspring, and effective treatment of the parental disorder has been associated with reduced child psychopathology (launch and grow assumption). Furthermore, studies focusing on parent-child interaction demonstrate generally poorer parenting skills in parents with mental disorders, and the enhancement of such skills has been a significant mediator in improving child outcomes (parenting assumption).
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-03-06

Comparing the facets of the big two in global evaluation of self versus other people - Abele-Brehm, Andrea; Hauke, Nicole (European Journal of Social Psychology, 2019)
The Big Two of agency and communion can be divided into the facets of agency-assertiveness, agency-competence, communion-morality, and communion-warmth. The present research studies how these facets are related to global evaluation of self versus others. In five studies we tested whether self-evaluation is reliably related to agency-assertiveness (H1), and evaluation of others to communion-morality (H2). Participants had to describe themselves (or a specific other person) on the facets and later to rate their self-evaluation (or other-evaluation). Supporting hypotheses, Studies 1, 3, and 4 showed that agency-assertiveness was reliably related to self-evaluation (Study 4: also agency-competence). Studies 2–5 showed that communion-morality was reliably related to evaluation of an acquaintance, but agency-competence (Studies 3 and 5) and communion-warmth (Study 2) were also important. We conclude that supporting H1, agency-assertiveness is particularly important for self-evaluation, whereas partly supporting H2, evaluation of others is associated with communion-morality, but also agency-competence and communion-warmth.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-12-24
Keywords: assertiveness; facets of the Big Two; global evaluation of others; global self-evaluation; morality

Comparison focus in intergroup comparisons: Who we compare to whom influences who we see as powerful and agentic. - Bruckmüller, Susanne; Abele, Andrea E. (Personality and social psychology bulletin, 2010)
In intergroup comparisons one group usually becomes the implicit norm that other groups are compared to. Three studies address the consequences that the direction of the comparison has for perceptions of the compared groups. For real groups (Experiment 1) and fictitious groups (Experiments 2 and 3) participants perceived a group as more powerful and higher in status when it had been the norm rather than the effect to be explained in a text comparing two groups. Moreover, norm groups and their "typical" members were perceived as more agentic and less communal than comparison groups, and these attributions were mediated by the ascription of power. The authors conclude that systematic ways of explaining one group rather than another could serve as a subtle tool to perpetuate the status quo of intergroup power relations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: intergroup comparisons; social comparison

Comparison of C-Reactive Protein in Dried Blood Spots and Saliva of Healthy Adolescents - Plank, Anne-Christine; Maschke, Janina; Rohleder, Nicolas; Fasching, Peter; Beckmann, Matthias; Kornhuber, Johannes; Eichler, Anna; Moll, Gunther; Kratz, Oliver (Frontiers in Immunology, 2021)
Background/AimDetermining C-reactive protein (CRP) by non-invasive methods is of great interest for research addressing inflammation in young people. However, direct comparisons of such methods applied in children and adolescents are lacking so far. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CRP measured in dried blood spots (DBS CRP) and in saliva (sCRP), two less invasive alternatives to venipuncture, in 12- to 14-year-old adolescents. To evaluate the validity of both measurements in the context of biobehavioral studies, the potential of DBS CRP and sCRP to discriminate between defined BMI subgroups was assessed. Materials and MethodsCRP levels in DBS and saliva collected from 87 healthy adolescents (M = 13.25 years, SD = 0.30, 51.7% females) were determined using high sensitive CRP ELISA for serum and salivary CRP ELISA, respectively. Characteristics and correlation of both measurements were assessed for the total sample and for three subgroups classified by BMI percentile ranges (A: <= 25; B: 26-74; C: >= 75). ResultsIn the total sample, DBS CRP and sCRP were significantly associated (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Splitting the sample into BMI-dependent subgroups revealed similarly strong associations of DBS CRP with sCRP for all three groups (A: r = 0.51; B: r = 0.61; C: r = 0.53). However, comparing the mean CRP values per BMI subgroup, one-way ANOVA reported significant differences for DBS CRP, but not for sCRP mean values. ConclusionsThe significant correlation of DBS CRP with sCRP was independent of the investigated BMI range groups, yet BMI-dependent distinction was only provided by DBS CRP mean values. Overall, our results suggest that DBS CRP is likely to reflect systemic inflammation more precisely. Salivary CRP can be alternatively determined in studies with adolescents when conditions require it, given the oral health status is assessed. Considering that DBS CRP and sCRP share only 35% of common variance, further studies should examine their specific validity.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-01-14

Comparison of psychotherapies for adult depression to pill placebo control groups: a meta-analysis. - Mohr, D. C.; Hofmann, S. G.; Berking, Matthias; Andersson, Gerhard; Coyne, J.; Turner, E. H.; Cuijpers, Pim (Psychological Medicine, 2014)
BACKGROUND: The effects of antidepressants for treating depressive disorders have been overestimated because of selective publication of positive trials. Reanalyses that include unpublished trials have yielded reduced effect sizes. This in turn has led to claims that antidepressants have clinically insignificant advantages over placebo and that psychotherapy is therefore a better alternative. To test this, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing psychotherapy with pill placebo. METHOD: Ten 10 studies comparing psychotherapies with pill placebo were identified. In total, 1240 patients were included in these studies. For each study, Hedges' g was calculated. Characteristics of the studies were extracted for subgroup and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS: The effect of psychotherapy compared to pill placebo at post-test was g = 0.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-0.36, I² = 0%, 95% CI 0-58]. This effect size corresponds to a number needed to treat (NNT) of 7.14 (95% CI 5.00-12.82). The psychotherapy conditions scored 2.66 points lower on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) than the placebo conditions, and 3.20 points lower on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Some indications for publication bias were found (two missing studies). We found no significant differences between subgroups of the studies and in meta-regression analyses we found no significant association between baseline severity and effect size. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are differences between the role of placebo in psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy research, psychotherapy has an effect size that is comparable to that of antidepressant medications. Whether these effects should be deemed clinically relevant remains open to debate.

Competencies for successful self-regulated learning in higher education: structural model and indications drawn from expert interviews - Dresel, Markus; Schmitz, Bernhard; Schober, Barbara; Spiel, Christiane; Ziegler, Albert; Engelschalk, Tobias; Jöstl, Gregor; Klug, Julia; Roth, Anne; Wimmer, Bastian; Steuer, Gabriele (Studies in Higher Education, 2015)
<!–StartFragment–>A global characteristic of higher education is the opportunity and necessity for students to self-regulate their learning. In contrast to considerable research focusing on self-regulated learning (SRL) from a behavioural perspective, little is known concerning the underlying competencies which enable students to succeed in SRL. A structural model is proposed that differentiates SRL competencies in terms of descriptive, procedural, and conditional knowledge regarding different types of self-regulation strategies in different phases of the learning process. Indications drawn from semi-structured interviews with N = 108 experts (39 lecturers and 69 as excellent nominated students) from 4 fields of study are in line with core assumptions of the proposed model. Moreover, the results provide a basis to ensure the content validity of assessments of students' SRL competencies and from which to derive standards to judge these competencies.<!–EndFragment–>
Keywords: competencies; expert interviews; learning situations

Conceptual Analysis: A Social Neuroscience Approach to Interpersonal Interaction in the Context of Disruption and Disorganization of Attachment (NAMDA) - White, Lars O.; Schulz, Charlotte C.; Schoett, Margerete J. S.; Kungl, Melanie; Keil, Jan; Borelli, Jessica L.; Vrticka, Pascal (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020)
Humans are strongly dependent upon social resources for allostasis and emotion regulation. This applies especially to early childhood because humans-as an altricial species-have a prolonged period of dependency on support and input from caregivers who typically act as sources of co-regulation. Accordingly, attachment theory proposes that the history and quality of early interactions with primary caregivers shape children's internal working models of attachment. In turn, these attachment models guide behavior, initially with the set goal of maintaining proximity to caregivers but eventually paving the way to more generalized mental representations of self and others. Mounting evidence in non-clinical populations suggests that these mental representations coincide with differential patterns of neural structure, function, and connectivity in a range of brain regions previously associated with emotional and cognitive capacities. What is currently lacking, however, is an evidence-based account of how early adverse attachment-related experiences and/or the emergence of attachment disorganization impact the developing brain. While work on early childhood adversities offers important insights, we propose that how these events become biologically embedded crucially hinges on the context of the child-caregiver attachment relationships in which the events take place. Our selective review distinguishes between direct social neuroscience research on disorganized attachment and indirect maltreatment-related research, converging on aberrant functioning in neurobiological systems subserving aversion, approach, emotion regulation, and mental state processing in the wake of severe attachment disruption. To account for heterogeneity of findings, we propose two distinct neurobiological phenotypes characterized by hyper- and hypo-arousal primarily deriving from the caregiver serving either as a threatening or as an insufficient source of co-regulation, respectively.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2021-01-22

Conducting experiments and intervention studies to understand age and work - Hommelhoff, Sabine; Scheibe, Susanne (Age and work: Advances in theory, methods, and practice, 2021)

Confidence in performance judgment accuracy: the unskilled and unaware effect revisited - Händel, Marion; Dresel, Markus (Metacognition and Learning, 2018)
Since its introduction in the late 1990s, the unskilled and unaware effect motivated several further studies. As it stands, low-performing students are assumed to provide inaccurate and overconfident performance judgments. However, as research with second-order judgments (SOJs) indicates, they apparently have some metacognitive awareness of this. The current study with 266 undergraduate students aimed to provide in-depth insights into both the reasons for (in)accurate performance judgments and the appropriateness of SOJs. We implemented a general linear mixed model (GLMM) approach to study item-specific performance judgments in the domain of mathematics at the person and item level. The analyses replicated the well-known effects. However, the GLMM analyses revealed that low-performing students' lower confidence apparently did not indicate subjective awareness, given that these students made inappropriate SOJs (lower confidence in accurate than in inaccurate judgments). In addition, students' self-generated explanations for their judgements indicated that low-performing students have difficulties recognizing that they possess topic knowledge to solve an item, whereas high-performing students struggle with admitting that they do not know the answer to a question. In sum, our results indicate that students at all performance levels have some metacognitive weaknesses, which, however, occur subject to different judgment accuracy.
Keywords: Metacognitive judgments; Performance level; Accuracy; Item-specific judgments; Second-order judgments

Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) and other non-parametrical statistical methods: Introduction to Special Topic (Part I) - Stemmler, Mark; von Eye, Alexander (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2012)

Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) and other non-parametrical statistical methods: Introduction to Special Topic (Part II) - Stemmler, Mark; von Eye, Alexander (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2012)

Configural frequency analysis of dependent samples for intra-patient treatment comparisons - Stemmler, Mark; Hammond, Sean (Studia Psychologica, 1997)
The dependent sample Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA; cf. A. von Eye, 1990) a nonparametrical test, is suggested as an alternative to the parametrical t-test for dependent samples. The dependent sample CFA may be used, for example, for detecting intra-patient treatment effects in pre-post or cross-over designs. Contrary to the t-test the dependent sample CFA can be applied to nominal (i.e., binary), ordinal, or continuous response variables. Furthermore, the proposed test may be generalized to two and more response variables. Significant test results or identified cells may be interpreted as discrimination types. Discrimination types are patterns of discrete or polychotomous response variables which contain frequencies occurring more often than expected under a null hypothesis of no treatment effects. The test for discrimination types follows the rationale of the W. Lehmacher (1980) simultaneous sign test which compares row with column marginals in a square contingency table. The dependent sample CFA is illustrated using examples from pharmacological research.
Keywords: Dependent Variables; Experimental Design; Measurement; Treatment

Consensus statement on defining and measuring negative effects of Internet interventions - Ebert, David; Andersson, Gerhard; Cuijpers, Pim; Knaevelsrud, Christine; Rozental, Alexander; Boettcher, Johanna; Ljótsson, Brjánn; Kaldo, Viktor; Titov, Nickolai; Carlbring, Per (Internet Interventions, 2014)

Consequences of aimless overcommitment at work: A longitudinal study. - Hommelhoff, Sabine; Richter, David; Niessen, Cornelia; Gerstorf, Denis; Heckhausen, Jutta (Tagung der Fachgruppe Arbeits-, Organisations- und Wirtschaftspsychologie, 2017)

Contactless analysis of heart rate variability during cold pressor test using radar interferometry and bidirectional LSTM networks - Shi, Kilin; Steigleder, Tobias; Schellenberger, Sven; Michler, Fabian; Malessa, Anke; Lurz, Fabian; Rohleder, Nicolas; Ostgathe, Christoph; Weigel, Robert; Kölpin, Alexander (Scientific Reports, 2021)
Contactless measurement of heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and provides crucial information on the health status of a person, would provide great benefits for both patients and doctors during prevention and aftercare. However, gold standard devices to record the HRV, such as the electrocardiograph, have the common disadvantage that they need permanent skin contact with the patient. Being connected to a monitoring device by cable reduces the mobility, comfort, and compliance by patients. Here, we present a contactless approach using a 24 GHz Six-Port-based radar system and an LSTM network for radar heart sound segmentation. The best scores are obtained using a two-layer bidirectional LSTM architecture. To verify the performance of the proposed system not only in a static measurement scenario but also during a dynamic change of HRV parameters, a stimulation of the ANS through a cold pressor test is integrated in the study design. A total of 638 minutes of data is gathered from 25 test subjects and is analysed extensively. High F-scores of over 95% are achieved for heartbeat detection. HRV indices such as HF norm are extracted with relative errors around 5%. Our proposed approach is capable to perform contactless and convenient HRV monitoring and is therefore suitable for long-term recordings in clinical environments and home-care scenario
Keywords: hrv; radar; vitalparameter; herztöne; berührungslos; herzratenvariabilität

Continuity and patterns of externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in girls: A variable- and person-oriented study from preschool to youth age - Lösel, Friedrich; Stemmler, Mark (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2012)

Control and meaning in the context of business travel - Müller, Teresa; Hommelhoff, Sabine; Westman, Mina; Niessen, Cornelia (77th Annual Academy of Management Conference, 2017)

Coping with everyday stress and links to adaptation in diabetic adolescents with varying metabolic control - Seiffge-Krenke, Inge; Stemmler, Mark Kurt (Journal of Adolescent Health, 2003)
PURPOSE: To study coping with everyday stressors in a longitudinal sample of 98 adolescents with insulin-dependent mellitus (type 1) diabetes. METHODS: The adolescents with type 1 diabetes were classified into three homogeneous groups of metabolic control by latent class analysis, based on annual tests of hemoglobin A1 values. Questionnaires assessing frequent minor stressors as well as ways of coping with these stressors were given annually over the course of 4 years. Latent class analysis revealed three distinctive groups of metabolic control over time. Adolescents who exhibited continuously poor, satisfactory, and good metabolic control. Eighty percent of the adolescents stayed in the group assigned to them over the 4-year period. RESULTS: Adolescents with stable good metabolic control were characterized by lower levels of minor stressors that decreased over time, but those with stable satisfactory and poor metabolic control experienced continuously higher stress levels. Adolescents with stably good metabolic control also employed less avoidant coping in dealing with minor stressors, compared with the two other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the danger of long-term complications, it is important to discriminate among different groups of metabolic control over time. Further, the impact of non-illness-related minor stressors on metabolic control should be considered for prevention purposes.
Keywords: Adolescents; Chronic illness; Coping; Diabetes mellitus; Latent class analysis; Longitudinal study; Metabolic control; Minor stressors; Germany

Correspondence Heuristic and Filter-Empowerment Heuristic: Investigating the Reversed Gender Achievement Gap in a Sample of Secondary School Students in Saudi Arabia within the Framework of Educational and Learning Capital - Stoeger, Heidrun; Almulhim, Norah; Ziegler, Albert (Education Sciences, 2022)
The reversed gender achievement gap in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in favor of girls developed in a societal environment that still predominantly favors men. The finding illustrates how equity gaps at higher systemic levels may not translate seamlessly to lower systemic levels. We propose that this lack of correspondence between systemic levels regarding equity gaps can be explained by the fact that more exogenous learning resources (educational capital) selectively reach girls' actiotopes, enabling them to build more effective endogenous learning resources (learning capital) and, in particular, effective action repertoires. To investigate this assumption, we introduce a filter-empowerment heuristic and contrast it with a simpler correspondence heuristic. We employ the filter-empowerment heuristic and the education and learning capital approach to investigate the reversed gender achievement gap in a sample of secondary school students in the KSA. We test four hypotheses: (a) Girls have higher academic achievement than boys. (b) Girls have more educational capital and (c) more learning capital than boys. (d) Educational and learning capital mediate the relationship between gender and academic achievement. The hypotheses were tested with a sample of 2541 ninth-grade students from 55 KSA schools. The four hypotheses were confirmed and support a filter-empowerment heuristic rather than a correspondence heuristic.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-12-23

Corrigendum: The effects of inhibitory control training for preschoolers on reasoning ability and neural activity - Liu, Q; Shi, Jiannong; Ziegler, Albert (Scientific Reports, 2016)

Corrigendum to “The influence of emotion regulation on posttraumatic stress symptoms among Japanese people” [Journal of Affective Disorders 277 (2020) 577–583] (Journal of Affective Disorders (2020) 277 (577–583), (S0165032720326628), (10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.056)) - Fujisato, Hiroko; Ito, Masaya; Berking, Matthias; Horikoshi, Masaru (Journal of Affective Disorders, 2021)
The authors regret the errors in Table 4 of the original article. The t values and asterisks for “PTSS at baseline” and “PTSS four months later” were wrongly denoted. Please see the corrected table below. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-01-29

Cortical Hierarchies Perform Bayesian Causal Inference in Multisensory Perception - Rohe, Tim; Noppeney, Uta (Plos Biology, 2015)
To form a veridical percept of the environment, the brain needs to integrate sensory signals from a common source but segregate those from independent sources. Thus, perception inherently relies on solving the “causal inference problem.” Behaviorally, humans solve this problem optimally as predicted by Bayesian Causal Inference; yet, the underlying neural mechanisms are unexplored. Combining psychophysics, Bayesian modeling, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and multivariate decoding in an audiovisual spatial localization task, we demonstrate that Bayesian Causal Inference is performed by a hierarchy of multisensory processes in the human brain. At the bottom of the hierarchy, in auditory and visual areas, location is represented on the basis that the two signals are generated by independent sources (= segregation). At the next stage, in posterior intraparietal sulcus, location is estimated under the assumption that the two signals are from a common source (= forced fusion). Only at the top of the hierarchy, in anterior intraparietal sulcus, the uncertainty about the causal structure of the world is taken into account and sensory signals are combined as predicted by Bayesian Causal Inference. Characterizing the computational operations of signal interactions reveals the hierarchical nature of multisensory perception in human neocortex. It unravels how the brain accomplishes Bayesian Causal Inference, a statistical computation fundamental for perception and cognition. Our results demonstrate how the brain combines information in the face of uncertainty about the underlying causal structure of the worl

CORTISOL AND ALPHA-AMYLASE RESPONSES TO A PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS TEST IN GERMAN COMPARED TO NATIVE LANGUAGE - Hauck, Felicitas; Romero Gibu, Lucia; Valdes-Santiago, Damian; Jansen, Silke; Rohleder, Nicolas (PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, 2020)
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2020-08-14

Costly avoidance in anxious individuals: Elevated threat avoidance in anxious individuals under high, but not low competing rewards - Pittig, Andre; Scherbaum, Stefan (Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2020)
Background and objectives: When avoiding threat conflicts with approaching rewards, balanced responses to threat and reward information is required to guide functional behavior. Elevated threat avoidance characterizes anxious psychopathology. However, little is known about the mutual impact of threat and reward information on approach-avoidance behavior and its link to anxiety. Methods: High trait-anxious and low-anxious individuals (N = 74) repeatedly choose between two options. A threat/high-reward option was linked to two outcomes: a varying chance to receive an aversive stimulus and a varying high reward. A safe/low-reward option was linked to absence of the aversive stimulus and a low reward. Results: Avoidance of the threat/high-reward option increased with increasing threat. Despite threat, low-anxious individuals increasingly approached the threat/high-reward option when rewards increased. High- compared to low-anxious individuals showed elevated avoidance, but only in the presence of high competing rewards. Limitations: Future research should examine boundary conditions by manipulating type and motivational value of appetitive and aversive outcomes (e.g., food as primary reinforcer). Conclusions: These findings suggest that a weaker impact of rewards competing with threat contributes to elevated threat avoidance in anxious psychopathology. Costly avoidance may thus be a factor involved in anxious psychopathology.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: Anxiety; Approach-avoidance behavior; Avoidance; Discounting

Costly avoidance of Pavlovian fear stimuli and the temporal dynamics of its decision process - Boschet, Juliane M.; Scherbaum, Stefan; Pittig, Andre (Scientific Reports, 2022)
Conflicts between avoiding feared stimuli versus approaching them for competing rewards are essential for functional behavior and anxious psychopathology. Yet, little is known about the underlying decision process. We examined approach-avoidance decisions and their temporal dynamics when avoiding Pavlovian fear stimuli conflicted with gaining rewards. First, a formerly neutral stimulus (CS+) was repeatedly paired with an aversive stimulus (US) to establish Pavlovian fear. Another stimulus (CS−) was never paired with the US. A control group received neutral tones instead of aversive USs. Next, in each of 324 trials, participants chose between a CS−/low reward and a CS+/high reward option. For the latter, probability of CS+ presentation (Pavlovian fear information) and reward magnitude (reward information) varied. Computer mouse movements were tracked to capture the decision dynamics. Although no more USs occurred, pronounced and persistent costly avoidance of the Pavlovian fear CS+ was found. Time-continuous multiple regression of movement trajectories revealed a stronger and faster impact of Pavlovian fear compared to reward information during decision-making. The impact of fear information, but not reward information, modestly decreased across trials. These findings suggest a persistently stronger weighting of fear compared to reward information during approach-avoidance decisions, which may facilitate the development of pathological avoidance.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-05-06

Costly avoidance triggered by categorical fear generalization - Wong, Alex H. K.; Pittig, Andre (Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2020)
Fear generalization refers to the spread of acquired fear to novel stimuli that resemble the original fear-related stimulus. Preliminary evidence suggests that excessive fear generalization is a pathogenic feature of anxiety disorders, however, it remains unclear how fear generalization affects pathological avoidance. The current study thus aimed to examine the link between categorical fear generalization and costly avoidance. By combining a fear acquisition training phase and an avoidance test, the current findings showed that acquired fear spreads to novel stimuli that belonged to the same category of the original fear-related stimuli, but not to those that belonged to the fear-irrelevant categories. Importantly, participants avoided these fear-related novel stimuli despite costs. The current findings indicate that categorical fear generalization triggers costly avoidance. In terms of clinical implication, a decrease in costly avoidance aligned with a decrease in US expectancies. This emphasizes that behavioral approach may initiate extinction learning.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: Approach-avoidance conflict; Avoidance; Categorical generalization; Cost; Fear conditioning; Fear generalization

Costly habitual avoidance is reduced by concurrent goal-directed approach in a modified devaluation paradigm - Glück, Valentina M.; Zwosta, Katharina; Wolfensteller, Uta; Ruge, Hannes; Pittig, Andre (Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2021)
Avoidance habits potentially contribute to maintaining maladaptive, costly avoidance behaviors that persist in the absence of threat. However, experimental evidence about costly habitual avoidance is scarce. In two experiments, we tested whether extensively trained avoidance impairs the subsequent goal-directed approach of rewards. Healthy participants were extensively trained to avoid an aversive outcome by performing simple responses to distinct full-screen color stimuli. After the subsequent devaluation of the aversive outcome, participants received monetary rewards for correct responses to neutral object pictures, which were presented on top of the same full-screen colors. These approach responses were either compatible or incompatible with habitual avoidance responses. Notably, the full-screen colors were not relevant to inform approach responses. In Experiment 1, participants were not instructed about post-devaluation stimulus-response-reward contingencies. Accuracy was lower in habit-incompatible than in habit-compatible trials, indicating costly avoidance, whereas reaction times did not differ. In Experiment 2, contingencies were explicitly instructed. Accuracy differences disappeared, but reaction times were slower in habit-incompatible than in habit-compatible trials, indicating low-cost habitual avoidance tendencies. These findings suggest a small but consistent impact of habitual avoidance tendencies on subsequent goal-directed approach. Costly habitual responding could, however, be inhibited when competing goal-directed approach was easily realizable.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-10-01
Keywords: Costly avoidance; Devaluation paradigm; Goal-directed behavior; Habit

Counseling the gifted in different countries and contexts - Harder, Bettina (Symposium bei der 3rd International Conference on Talent Development & Excellence, 2013)

COVID-19, normative attitudes and pluralistic ignorance in employer-employee relationships - Abraham, Martin; Collischon, Matthias; Grimm, Veronika; Kreuter, Frauke; Moser, Klaus; Niessen, Cornelia; Schnabel, Claus; Stephan, Gesine; Trappmann, Mark; Wolbring, Tobias (Journal for Labour Market Research, 2022)
Keywords: Chancengleichheit

COVID-19 vaccination exacerbates ex vivo IL-6 release from isolated PBMCs - Langgartner, Dominik; Winkler, Raphael; Brunner-Weisser, Jonas; Rohleder, Nicolas; Jarczok, Marc N.; Gündel, Harald; Weimer, Katja; Reber, Stefan O. (Scientific Reports, 2023)
Ex vivo culturing of isolated PBMCs from individuals vaccinated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine BNT162b1 revealed a pronounced T cell response in the presence of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. The latter was 10-fold more pronounced than the ex vivo response of PBMCs from the same individuals to other common pathogen T cell epitope pools, suggesting COVID-19 vaccination to induce RBD-specific T cell responses and not to facilitate T cell (re)activity in general. In the current study we investigated whether COVID-19 vaccination long-lastingly affects plasma interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations, complete blood counts, ex vivo IL-6 and IL-10 secretion of PBMCs cultured under basal conditions or in the presence of concanavalin (Con) A and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), salivary cortisol and α-amylase, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) as well as mental and physical health status. The study was initially designed to investigate whether the presence vs. absence of own pets during urban upbringing has protective effects against psychosocial stress-induced immune activation during adulthood. However, as COVID-19 vaccines were approved while the study was ongoing and as, therefore, both vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals have been recruited, we were able to stratify our data set with respect to the COVID-19 vaccination status and to assess the long-lasting effects of COVID-19 vaccination on physiological immunological, cardiovascular and psychosomatic health parameters. This data is presented in the current study. We show that isolated PBMCs from individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 show a 600-fold increase in basal and a 6000-fold increase in ConA-induced proinflammatory IL-6 secretion, and a 2-fold increase in basal and ConA-induced antiinflammatory IL-10 secretion, both in comparison with non-vaccinated individuals. In contrast, LPS-induced ex vivo IL-6 and IL-10 secretions were not affected by vaccination status, as were plasma IL-6 concentrations, complete blood counts, salivary cortisol and α-amylase, cardiovascular measures and psychosomatic health. In summary, our findings are of relevance for many clinical studies ran before/during the pandemic, clearly indicating that consideration of participants’ vaccination status is critical, at least when assessing ex vivo PBMC functionality.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-06-30

Creative, thus connected: The power of sociometric creativity on friendship formation in gifted adolescents—a longitudinal network analysis of gifted students - Hopp, Manuel; Zhang, Zhitian; Hinch, Leeanne; O’reilly, Colm; Ziegler, Albert (Special Issue:The Future of Research in Talent Development: Promising Trends, Evidence, and Implications of Innovative Scholarship for Policy and Practice, 2019)
The current study’s purpose is to explore the influence of peer-perceived creativity (sociometric creativity) on the short-term development of friendships during a summer program for high ability students. Specifically, the two main objectives of our study are: (1) How did students’ friendships network and sociometric creativity network evolve in the summer program? (2) How did sociometric creativity influence the friendship formation? The longitudinal study was conducted at the beginning, middle and the end of a 3-week long program for gifted students in Ireland. The sample consisted of Irish gifted students (N = 702, aged 13–18 years, 52% female, over thirty-one classes). Overall, our longitudinal multilevel and multigroup social network analysis shows that gifted adolescents formed reciprocated friendship ties and cohesive peer group structures in the investigated period; similar age and the same gender predicted friendship formation. Regarding the sociometric creativity, they tended to nominate a similar age and same gender student as very creative. Moreover, the sociometric creativity positively influenced adolescents’ friendship networks on a dyadic level, indicating that adolescents select friends based on their perception of the other student’s creativity. Further results, explanations, and implications are discussed.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-11-29

Creativity in Research with Gifted Samples in Turkey - Bicakci, Mehmet; Baloglu, Mustafa (Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 2018)
Özel yeteneklilerin yaratıcılık becerileri üzerine birçok araştırma yapılmasının sebebi, yaratıcılığın bu bireylerin temel özelliklerinden biri olarak anılmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nitel doküman analizi çalışmasının amacı, Türkiye’deki özel yetenekli öğrencilerin yaratıcılık beceriler üzerine yapılan çalışmaları incelemektir. Literatür taraması sürecinde, elektronik veri tabanlarının gözden geçirilmesi araştırmaların başlıklarında, özetlerinde ya da anahtar kelimelerinde özel yetenekli (gifted/talented), yaratıcı düşünme (creative thinking) ve yaratıcılık (creativity) kelimelerinin kullanımı ile yapılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda, dışlama ve dahil etme kriterlerine uyan çalışmaların seçilmesinin ardından 12 doktora tezi, altı yüksek lisans tezi ve üç araştırma makalesi olmak üzere toplam 21 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye’deki özel yeteneklilerin yaratıcılık becerileri üzerine yapılan bu araştırmalardan 18’i deneysel desende gerçekleşirken, üçü diğer nicel araştırma desenleri ile yapılmıştır. Doküman incelemesinin ardından elde edilen verilere göre bu çalışmalarda dört kez Yaratıcı Düşünme – Şekilsel Üretim Testi, iki kez Yaratıcılık Ölçeği (How Creative Are You?) ve 16 kez Torrance Yaratıcı Düşünme Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaların çoğu 2011-2014 yılları arasında yapılmıştır. Güncel araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu söylenebilir. <br

Cross-Lagged Effects of Voluntary Job Changes and Well-Being: A Continuous Time Approach - Sons, Meike; Niessen, Cornelia (Journal of Applied Psychology, 2021)
Well-being plays an important role in organizational entry and exit processes. However, longitudinal research on the relationship between voluntary job change and well-being is still sparse, and focuses on rather short time intervals (max. 3 years). Using 12 waves of the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, the present study extends previous research by examining whether and how well-being is affected by a voluntary external job change, and vice versa. We tested cross-lagged effects between voluntary job change and well-being (job satisfaction, vitality, sense of belonging) with a sample of 2,565 workers, and between job change and work–family conflicts as another indicator for well-being with a sample of 1,574 working parents. Results of continuous time modeling revealed that job change predicted decreased job satisfaction and vitality and increased work–family conflicts. Job change had no significant effect on the sense of belonging. The strongest relations between job change and well-being were observed in the first 5 years after an organizational entry (job satisfaction 1 year 2 months; vitality 4 years 4 months; work–family strains 3 years 5 months; sense of belonging 3 years 8 months). Job change had no significant effect on the sense of belonging. We also found partial support for reverse effects: Increased job satisfaction made a job change less likely (strongest effect after 2 years) and higher work–family conflicts more likely (strongest effect after 4 years). Thus, the results indicate when it is especially important to support newcomers to improve adjustment and prevent quitting
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-11-26
Keywords: continuous time modeling; organizational socialization; turnover; well-being; work–family conflicts

Cross-Validation of the Newly-Normed SKT for the Detection of MCI and Dementia - Hessler, Johannes Balthasar; Stemmler, Mark; Bickel, Horst (GeroPsych, 2016)

Cue reactivity towards bodies in anorexia nervosa - common and differential effects in adolescents and adults - Horndasch, Stefanie; Kratz, Oliver; Van Doren, Jessica; Graap, Holmer; Kramer, Robert; Moll, Gunther; Heinrich, Hartmut (Psychological Medicine, 2018)
BACKGROUND: Aberrant reward mechanisms with regard to slim body shapes are discussed in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of the present study was to examine of cue reactivity toward body shapes in AN via the late positive potential (LPP), an event-related electroencephalography (EEG) component. By including adolescents and adults, aspects of development and chronification could be studied (2 × 2 design). METHODS: Thirty-two female AN patients (19 adolescents and 13 adults) and 37 control participants (16 adolescents and 21 adults) were included. Standardized photographic stimuli showing women's bodies in underwear from five body mass index (BMI) categories (extremely underweight to extremely overweight) were presented. During picture evaluation, EEG activity was recorded (10-20 system). The LPP was measured in two time windows characterized by different topographies (450-700 ms: posterior; 1000-1300 ms: central). RESULTS: Regarding the posterior component, LPP amplitudes were clearly reduced in adult but not in adolescent patients; for both time windows the LPP showed differential patterns over BMI categories for patients and controls. Regarding the central component, a highly significant linear decrease from extremely underweight to extremely overweight body shapes was revealed in patients and no significant modulation in control participants. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent and adult patients show increased sustained attention toward extremely underweight bodies. In chronically ill patients, this bias appears to be accompanied by generally reduced automatic attention. The LPP findings provide a differentiated picture of aberrant cue reactivity which could be interpreted as motivated attention toward body shapes in AN.
EVALuna2:33525

(untitled) - Stöger, Heidrun; Sturm, K; Heilemann, M; Pufke, E; Schirner, Sigrun; Reutlinger, Marold; Ziegler, Albert (Österreichisches Zentrum für Begabtenförderung und Begabungsforschung)

CyberMentor: E-Mentoring für begabte Mädchen in MINT - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun; Sturm, K; Heilemann, M; Pufke, E; Schirner, Sigrun; Reutlinger, Marold (Begabung - Wissen - Werte : Wege zur Leistungsexzellenz, 2011)

CyberMentor - E-Mentoring für Mädchen im MINT-Bereich vor dem Hintergrund des Aktiotopansatzes - Stöger, Heidrun; Ziegler, Albert; Greindl, Teresa; Heilemann, M; Neubauer, Tanja; Schirner, Sigrun; Sturm, K (Druck Team, 2014)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-02:Pub.2014.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.cyberm

Cyber-support: An analysis of online self-help forums (online self-help forums in bipolar disorder) - Kagerbauer, Tanja; Bauer, Rita; Bauer, Michael; Spiessl, Hermann (Nordic journal of psychiatry, 2013)

Das Angstbewältigungsinventar für medizinische Situationen (ABI-MS) - Sturmbauer, Sarah; Hock, Michael; Rathner, Eva-Maria; Schwerdtfeger, Andreas (Diagnostica, 2019)
Das „Angstbewältigungsinventar für medizinische Situationen“ (ABI-MS) ist ein Situations-Reaktions-Inventar, das habituelle Präferenzen für den Einsatz kognitiv vermeidender und vigilanter Bewältigungsstrategien in potenziell bedrohlichen medizinischen Kontexten messen soll. Im ABI-MS, das sich konzeptuell und methodisch an das Angstbewältigungs-Inventar (ABI; Krohne & Egloff, 1999) anlehnt, werden vier Szenarien vorgegeben („Blutabnahme“, „Schnittwunde“, „Darmspiegelung“ und „Narkose“), in die sich die Personen hineinversetzen sollen. Zu jedem Szenario werden jeweils vier kognitiv vermeidende und vier vigilante Reaktionsoptionen gegeben, deren Zutreffen die Personen beurteilen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden Struktur und psychometrische Qualität des ABI-MS geprüft. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen (N= 2131) auf der Basis des Zwei-Parameter logistischen Item-Response-Modells bestätigen die Annahme zweier situationsübergreifender Faktoren der Angstbewältigung in medizinischen Kontexten. Das Inventar erreicht zufriedenstellende Reliabilitäten. Eine Retest-Untersuchung belegt, dass primär habituelle Präferenzen erfasst werden. Korrelationen mit Verfahren zur Messung von Angstbewältigung und Persönlichkeitseigenschaften geben Hinweise auf die konvergente und diskriminante Validität des ABI-MS.<br
Keywords: Angstbewältigung; Kognitive Vermeidung; Medizinische Situationen; Vigilanz

Das Beratungskonzept der Landesweiten Beratungs- und Forschungsstelle für Hochbegabung (LBFH) - Ziegler, Albert; Grassinger, Robert; Stöger, Heidrun; Harder, Bettina (Konzepte der Hochbegabtenberatung in der Praxis, 2012)

Das Bundesprogramm "Elternchance ist Kinderchance". Zentrale Befunde der Evaluation - Gerleigner, Susanne; Guglhör-Rudan, Angelika; Hein, Kerstin; Müller, Dagmar; Walper, Sabine; Beck, Mira; Schwaß, Mariann; Stemmler, Mark (2014)
Die Kurzbroschüre "Das Bundesprogramm 'Elternchance ist Kinderchance' - Zentrale Befunde der Evaluation" vermittelt einen Überblick über die Erkenntnisse der Begleitforschung zu "Elternchance ist Kinderchance". Das Deutsche Jugendinstitut und die Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg haben programm- und prozessbegleitend erhoben, wie sich die teilehmenden Fachkräfte Wissen und Kompetenzen zur Elternbegleitung aneignen und wie durch die veränderte Zusammenarbeit mit Eltern deren Erziehungskompetenzen und Bildung in den Familien gefördert werden. Weitere, detaillierte Ergebnisse werden im wissenschaftlichen Abschlussbericht des Evaluationsteams zum Bundesprogramm "Elternchance ist Kinderchance" zu finden sein.

Das Cracow Risk Assessment Instrument zur Prognose von Dissozialität. Die deutsche Fassung der kanadischen Originalversion von Corrado et al. - Lösel, Friedrich; Wallner, Susanne; Jaursch, Stefanie; Stemmler, Mark (2007)

Das Eltern-Belastungs-Inventar (EBI) Einsatz und Nutzen in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und –psychotherapie - Irlbauer-Müller, Viktoria; Eichler, Anna; Donhauser, Johanna; Poehlmann, Nina E.; Stemmler, Mark; Moll, G.H.; Kratz, Oliver (Diagnostica, 2017)
Keywords: Elterliche Belastung; psychisch/verhaltensauffällige Kinder/Jugendliche; KJP; Diagnostik; Behandlung

Das Eltern-Belastungs-Screening zur Kindeswohlgefährdung (EBSK) als Instrument zur kurz- und langfristigen Vorhersage des elterlichen Erziehungsverhaltens und der kindlichen Entwicklung - Glaubitz, Katharina (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2011)

Das implizite Machtmotiv und Marker organisationaler Hormoneffekte: Zusammenhänge mit 2D:4D und fWHR [The implicit power motive and markers of organizational hormone effects: Associations with 2D:4D and fWHR] - Janson, Kevin; Bleck, Kira; Fenkl, Julia; Jägel, Franziska; Riegl, Lea T.; Köllner, Martin (36th Colloquium on Motivational Psychology, 2016)

Das Präventionsprogramm EFEEKT (1. Teil): Entwicklungsförderung in Familien: Eltern- und Kinder-Training - Lösel, Friedrich; Runkel, Daniela; Beelmann, Andreas; Jaursch, Stefanie; Stemmler, Mark (Forum Kriminalprävention, 2010)
Gewalt und Kriminalität junger Menschen sind in vielen Ländern sehr aktuelle Probleme. Dies wird einerseits durch die mediale Berichterstattung über besonders gravierende Einzelfälle gefördert. Andererseits geben auch die weniger spektakulären Verhaltensprobleme Anlass zur Besorgnis. Schwerwiegende Störungen des Sozialverhaltens treten bei etwa 10 % der Kinder und Jugendlichen auf. Darüber hinaus weisen viele zumindest leichtere temporäre Störungen auf. In ihren schweren, früh beginnenden und oft relativ dauerhaften Formen führt die Dissozialität nicht nur zu viel Leid bei den Opfern, Familien und dem weiteren sozialen Umfeld, sondern auch zu erheblichen gesellschaftlichen Kosten. Diese können pro Fall durchaus in die Millionenhöhe führen.

Das Präventionsprogramm EFFEKT (2. Teil): Ausblick und Weiterentwicklung - Lösel, Friedrich; Runkel, Daniela; Beelmann, Andreas; Jaursch, Stefanie; Stemmler, Mark (Forum Kriminalprävention, 2010)
In Teil 1 (fk 1/2010) wurden Ziele, Elemente und Maßnahmen des Präventionsprogramms sowie die Evaluationsergebnisse/differenzielle Effekte vorgestellt. Teil 2 gibt einen Ausblick auf die Weiterentwicklung des Programms. 5. Ausblick und Weiterentwicklungen von EFFEKT Die Ergebnisse der Prozessevaluierung sprechen für eine gelungene Implementierung von EFFEKT. Hinsichtlich der Wirkungsevaluation konnten sowohl für das Kinder- als auch das Elterntraining signifikante Effekte im kindlichen Sozialverhalten nachgewiesen werden. In hier nicht dargestellten Auswertungen fanden wir auch Auswirkungen auf theoretisch vermittelnde Merkmale, zum Beispiel auf die soziale Informationsverarbeitung beim Kindertraining und das Erziehungsverhalten beim Elterntraining.

Das Präventionsprogramm Entwicklungsförderung in Familien: Eltern- und Kinder-Training (EFFEKT) - Lösel, Friedrich; Runkel, Daniela; Beelmann, Andreas; Jaursch, Stefanie; Stemmler, Mark (Theorie und Praxis gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalts, 2008)

Das Problem der Identifikation differentieller Entwicklungsverläufe: Neuere methodische Ansätze zur Analyse von inter- und intraindividuellen Unterschieden - Stemmler, Mark Kurt (2001)

Das Setzen von Prioritäten in komplexen, dynamischen Aufgabenumgebungen. - Niessen, Cornelia (Berlin-Forschung, 2002)

Deactivating attachment strategies associate with early processing of facial emotion and familiarity in middle childhood: an ERP study - Kungl, Melanie; Vrticka, Pascal; Heinisch, Christine; Beckmann, Matthias; Fasching, Peter; Ziegler, Clara; Spangler, Gottfried (Attachment and Human Development, 2022)
Neurophysiological evidence suggests associations between attachment and the neural processing of emotion expressions. This study asks whether this relationship is also evident in middle childhood, and how it is affected by facial familiarity. Attachment strategies (deactivation, hyperactivation) were assessed in 51 9- to 11-year olds using a story stem completion task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during children's passive viewing of mother and stranger emotional faces (angry/happy). At the stage of facial information encoding (N250), attachment deactivation was associated with a pattern pointing to increased vigilance towards angry faces. Further, the attention-driven LPP was increased to happy mother faces as highly salient stimuli overall, but not in children scoring high on deactivation. These children did not discriminate between mothers' facial emotions and showed a general attentional withdrawal from facial stimuli. While our results on attachment deactivation support a two-stage processing model, no effect of hyperactivation was found.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-10-21

Dealing with unforeseen crises - Kulke, Louisa; et al. (Postgraduate Study in the UK – Surviving and Succeeding, 2017)

Deficits in fine motor skills and its influence on persistence among gifted elementary school pupils - Stöger, Heidrun; Ziegler, Albert (Gifted education international, 2013)

Deficits in general emotion regulation skills–Evidence of a transdiagnostic factor - Lukas, Christian; Ebert, David; Trevisi, Hugo; Caspar, Franz; Berking, Matthias (Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
Objective: Deficits in emotion regulation (ER) skills are discussed as a transdiagnostic factor contributing to the development and maintenance of various mental disorders. However, systematic comparisons of a broad range of ER skills across diagnostic groups that are based on comparable definitions and measures of ER are still rare. Method: Therefore, we conducted two studies assessing a broad range of ER skills with the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire in individuals meeting criteria for mental disorders (N-1=1448; N-2=137) and in a general population sample (N=214). Results: Consistent across the two studies, participants in the clinical samples reported lower general and lower specific ER skills than participants in the general population sample. Also consistent across the two studies, diagnostic subgroups of the clinical samples differed significantly with regard to general and specific ER skills. Conclusion: The studies provide evidence that deficits in ER are associated with various forms of psychopathology. However, mental disorders seem to differ with regard to how strongly they are linked to ER skills.
Keywords: mental disorders; emotion regulation; skills; psychopathology; transdiagnostic

Definiteness in Molise Slavic - Compensis, Paul (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2017)
This study is the first attempt to describe aspects of Molise Slavic information structure. Molise Slavic is a micro-language of Slavic (štokavian) descendance spoken only in three villages in Southern Italy. Claims have been made that in contrast to most Slavic languages Molise Slavic has articles: Indefiniteness is expressed with an article, while no overt article exists for the expression of definiteness. Consequently, the aim of this study is two-fold. First, it aims to provide a systematic overview of those modifiers that can impose definiteness on a nominal phrase. These markers are also investigated regarding typological peculiarities. It turns out that demonstratives and personal pronouns convey definiteness, but numerals and possessives only to some extent, whereas the long forms of adjectives and the genitive-accusative distinction do not trigger definiteness. Second, definiteness is seen as a semanto-pragmatic category that can be expressed by other means than morphosyntactic ones. The investigation shows a clear tendency for topics to be definite, and a restriction of topicalization strategies to definite referents. For the analysis of intonation, a ToBI annotation tool for Molise Slavic was developed that can also be used for future analyses of Molise Slavic intonation. The analysis shows that, while focus is clearly achieved by pitch variation, topic is not marked intonationall
Keywords: Molise Slavic; definiteness; information structure; topic; focus; topicalization; intonation; ToBI; language contact

Delinquentes Verhalten Jugendlicher im Selbstbericht: Worin unterscheiden sich Täter von Nichttätern? - Wallner, Susanne; Stemmler, Mark (15. Tagung der Fachgruppe Rechtspsychologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs), 2013)

Demenzdiagnostik - Stemmler, Mark; Kornhuber, Johannes (Hogrefe, 2018)

Dependent Data in Social Sciences Research - Forms, Issues, and Methods of Analysis - Stemmler, Mark; von Eye, Alexander; Wiedermann, Wolfgang (Springer, 2015)

Depressive symptoms and delinquency as predictors of substance use in young adulthood - Wallner, Susanne; Stemmler, Mark; Petersen, Anne C. (International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development (ISSBD), 2012)

Der 3x2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire und das Problem der semantischen Ähnlichkeit - Jacob, Barbara; Händel, Marion; Markus, Stefan; Eberle, Thomas (79. Tagung der Arbeitsgruppe für Empirische Pädagogische Forschung der DGfE (AEPF), 2014)
Die  Debatte  um  die  Konzeptualisierung  von  Leistungszielen  ist  aus  der  Motivationsforschung  seit  zwei  Jahrzehnten  nicht mehr wegzudenken. Elliot, Murayama und Pekrun haben 2011 mit dem 3x2–Modell der Achievement Goals eine Erweiterung der  bisherigen  Modelle vorgestellt,  die  der  dichotomen  Wertkomponente  (Annäherung  vs.  Vermeidung)  einen evaluativen Standard zur Definition von Kompetenz (selbstbezogen, aufgabenbezogen, fremdbezogen) hinzufügt. Die postulierte Struktur der  Leistungsziele  haben  die  Autoren  mit Hilfe des  Achievement  Goal  Questionnaire  (AGQ)  bestätigt.  Beim  Einsatz  des  AGQ zeigen  sich  jedoch  starke  Interkorrelationen  zwischen  den  einzelnen  Komponenten  sowie  den  Evaluationsstandards (vgl. Johnson & Kestler, 2013). Sehr hohe Korrelationen traten auch in früheren eigenen Studien der Autoren auf, daher stellt sich die  Frage,  inwieweit  tatsächlich  unterschiedliche  Zielsetzungen erfasst  werden.  Diesem  Problem  könnte  ein  potentieller Response Bias durch die semantische Ähnlichkeit der Items zugrunde liegen (vgl. Murayama et al., 2011). Erstes  Ziel  der  vorliegenden  Studie  ist  es,  die  3x2-faktorielle  Struktur  des  AGQ  in  einer  deutschen  Fassung  zu  replizieren. Zweitens soll überprüft werden, ob sich ein Response Bias durch eine zeitliche Trennung der Erfassung ähnlicher Items reduzieren lässt. Für die Studie wurden die Daten von N = 314 Lehramtsstudierenden in einer Psychologievorlesung zu zwei Zeitpunkten (t1 = zwei Wochen vor der Abschlussklausur, t2 = eine Woche vor der Abschlussklausur) erhoben. Die Studierenden wurden dabei randomisiert in drei  Gruppen eingeteilt. Von ihnen  erhielt  Gruppe A zu t1 zuerst die  Annäherungsziele, Gruppe B zuerst die Vermeidungsziele und dann zu t2 die jeweils andere Wertkomponente zur Bearbeitung.  Gruppe C beantwortete ausschließlich zu t2 alle Items auf einmal. Die Reliabilitäten der Einzelskalen waren insgesamt gut (self-approach α = .89, self-avoidance α = .80, task-approach α = .65, task-avoidance α = .69, other-approach α =.90, other-avoidance α = .87). Die Faktorstruktur des 3x2-Modells konnte in einer CFA bestätigt werden (χ² = 18.457, df = 6, CFI = .98, RMSEA = .08; SRMR = .01). Die Interkorrelationen der Zielorientierungen bei Gruppe C (alle Ziele gleichzeitig bearbeitet) fielen erwartungskonform relativ hoch aus (.40 < r < .83). Für die Gruppen A und B, die die Items zu Annäherungs- und Vermeidungszielen zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten  beantworteten,  zeigten  sich  insgesamt  niedrigere  Korrelationen  (.30  < r <  .79),  die  Korrelationsunterschiede waren signifikant (p < .05). Die semantische Ähnlichkeit der Items ruft folglich einen Response Bias hervor. Dieser ist durch eine zeitlich versetzte Beantwortung  der  ähnlichen  Items  verminderbar.  Ob  sich  eine  zeitversetzte  Variante  jedoch  bei  zukünftigen  Erhebungen  realisieren lässt, soll diskutiert werden.
Keywords: Motivation; Achievement Goals; Response Bias

Der Anreizwert eines Gesichts: Das implizite Machtmotiv und Aufmerksamkeitsorientierung [The incentive value of a face: The implicit power motive and attentional orienting] - Janson, Kevin; Köllner, Martin; Mair, Liane; Pülschen, Lea; Rudnaya, Alexandra; Schultheiss, Oliver (39th Colloquium on Motivational Psychology, 2019)

Der Beitrag von geringer Selbstkontrolle, problematischem Erziehungsverhalten, gewalthaltigen Medien und Peerdevianz zur Vorhersage von Jugenddelinquenz - Sauter, Katharina; Wallner, Susanne; Stemmler, Mark (Rechtspsychologie, 2018)

Der Einfluss der beruflichen Zukunftsperspektive auf soziale Präferenzen am Arbeitsplatz - Hommelhoff, Sabine; Müller, Teresa; Scheibe, Susanne (50. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, 2016)

Der Einfluss des "Stereotype Threat" auf die Gedächtnisleistung älterer Menschen - Ott, Michael (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2010)

Der Einfluss einer Eigenkündigung auf die Wahl der sozialen Kontakte am Arbeitsplatz. - Müller, Teresa; Hommelhoff, Sabine (9. Fachgruppentagung Arbeits-, Organisations- und Wirtschaftspsychologie der DGPs, 2015)
Der Einfluss einer Eigenkündigung auf die Wahl der sozialen Kontakte am Arbeitsplatz   Fragestellung Diese Studie beleuchtet die sozioemotionale Selektivitätstheorie im Arbeitskontext. Sie untersucht, wie sich eine Eigenkündigung - welche die Zeitperspektive am Arbeitsplatz in der Regel auf drei Monate verkürzt - auf die Wahl der sozialen Kontakte am Arbeitsplatz auswirkt. Untersuchungsdesign In einer online durchgeführten Vignetten Studie stellten sich die Teilnehmer in randomisierter Reihenfolge einmal eine unbefristete Arbeitssituation und einmal eine Eigenkündigung vor. Im Anschluss beurteilten sie die Attraktivität verschiedener Sozialpartner für eine gemeinsame Mittagspause. Weiterhin erfassten wir die möglichen Moderatoren Alter, Geschlecht und Leistungsmotivation. Ergebnisse Wenn sich Personen  in die unbefristete Arbeitssituation hineinversetzten (unbefristete Perspektive), wählten sie eher instrumentelle Kontakte (d.h. für das berufliche Vorankommen nützliche Personen) für das gemeinsame Mittagessen. Wenn sich Personen dagegen vorstellten, selbst gekündigt zu haben  (befristete Perspektive), wurden emotionale Kontakte (d.h. liebenswerte Personen) für den Kantinenbesuch bevorzugt. Bezüglich des Alters zeigten sich teilweise Moderationseffekte. Limitationen Es handelt sich um eine Querschnittstudie mit einer relativ jungen Stichprobe (M = 27.87 Jahre) und einem Studentenanteil von 58%. Theoretische/praktische Implikationen Die vorliegende Arbeit weist auf die Übertragbarkeit der sozioemotionalen Selektivitätstheorie auf den  Arbeitskontext hin und legt nahe, dass sich das soziale Gefüge am Arbeitsplatz im Zeitraum zwischen Eigenkündigung und Ausscheiden verändert. Relevanz/Beitrag Unsere Studie verdeutlicht die Motive, die dem sozialen Kontaktverhalten am Arbeitsplatz zugrunde liegen und zeigt, dass sich  die sozioemotionale Selektivitätstheorie auch im Arbeitskontext anwenden lässt, obwohl wir in der Wahl unserer Kontakte am Arbeitsplatz eingeschränkter sind als in anderen Kontexten.

Der Einfluss von Therapie auf die Legalbewährung von Sexualstraftätern: Ergebnisse aus kontrollierten Wirksamkeitsuntersuchungen - Schmucker, Martin ("Gefährliche Straftäter" - eine Problemgruppe der Kriminalpolitik?, 2005)

Der Mythos „Che“ - Kulke, Louisa (Auf Tour – Kuba, 2011)

Der Soziotop-Ansatz in der Begabungsförderung: Theoretischer Hintergrund und Anwendungsperspektiven - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2016)

Der Umgang mit Forschungsdaten im Fach Psychologie: Konkretisierung der DFG-Leitlinien. - Schönbrodt, Felix; Gollwitzer, Mario; Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Psychologische Rundschau, 2017)
Es werden Empfehlungen für den Umgang mit Forschungsdaten gegeben, die mit zur Qualitätssicherung der psychologischen Forschung beitragen sollen und die Leitlinien der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) zur gesicherten Aufbewahrung und Bereitstellung digitaler Forschungsprimärdaten konkretisieren. Im Sinne einer offenen und transparenten Wissenschaft sollen publizierte Befunde nachvollziehbar und Daten zur Nachnutzung durch andere Forscherinnen und Forscher zugänglich sein. Zunächst wird darauf hingewiesen, dass es dabei einer sorgfältigen Abwägung von Rechten, Kosten und Nutzen aus der Perspektive aller Beteiligten bedarf (Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer an Studien; Forschende, die die Daten erheben; Öffentlichkeit (einschließlich der Inhaber relevanter Urheberrechte); wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft (einschließlich der potenziellen Nachnutzer erhobener Daten). Ferner wird verdeutlicht, dass Forschende, die Originaldaten erheben, gegenüber Forschenden, die Daten anderer nachnutzen keinen karrierebezogenen Nachteil erleiden dürfen (etwa weil/falls sie im gleichen Zeitraum weniger Publikationen vorweisen können). Die Konkretisierung der DFG-Leitlinien soll die angesprochenen Interessen ausbalancieren. Thematisiert wird zunächst die Bedeutung eines nachhaltigen Managements von Forschungsdaten. Anschließend wird eine Definition von "Primärdaten" und ihrer sinnvollen Speicherung vorgelegt; ferner werden Standards und eventuelle Einschränkungen bei der Veröffentlichung von Forschungsdaten sowie Rechte und Pflichten derer, die Daten bereitstellen und derer, die die Daten nachnutzen, definiert. In fünf Anhängen werden ergänzende Texte vorgelegt: Konkretisierungsbeispiele; Formulierungsbeispiel für eine Einwilligungserklärung der Studienteilnehmer; Auszug aus den Ethik-Richtlinien der DGPs; Auszug aus dem Antragsformular der Ethikkommission der Fakultät für Psychologie und Pädagogik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Beispiele für Datenveröffentlichungstypen und Datennachnutzung.

Der weite Weg zur Chancengerechtigkeit - Frauenförderung an Hochschulen. - Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Die Ära Schöck: Festschrift für Thomas A.H. Schöck, Kanzler der FAU von 1988 bis 2013., 2013)

Der Zusammenhang von Bindungsrepräsentationen zwischen Pflegeeltern und Pflegekindern unter Berücksichtigung von Geschlechterunterschieden - Nowacki, Katja; Kliewer, Josephine; Bovenschen, Ina; Lang, Katrin; Zimmermann, Janin; Spangler, Gottfried (Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 2015)

Der Zusammenhang zwischen Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und der Einstellung gegenüber Minoritäten - Lösch, Regina; Bauer, Felix (17. Fachtagung FGSP Köln, 2019)
Keywords: Persönlichkeitsfaktoren; Big Five; Einstellungen gegenüber Minoritäten; Ausländerfeindlichkeit

Design of a Guided Internet- and Mobile-Based Intervention for Internet Use Disorder-Study Protocol for a Two-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial - Saruhanjan, Karina; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Schaub, Michael Patrick; Ebert, David Daniel (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020)
Context: Internet Use Disorder (IUD), characterized as the inability to control one's internet use, is emerging as an increasing societal concern as it is associated with reduced quality of life and mental health comorbidities. Evidence-based treatment options are, however, scarce due to the novelty of the diagnosis. Internet- and mobile-based interventions may be an effective means to deliver psychological treatment to individuals with IUD as they address individuals affected in their online setting. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed, guided internet- and mobile-based intervention for IUD.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2020-04-24

Detection of Acute Psychosocial Stress from Body Movements using Machine Learning - Richer, Robert; Koch, Veronika; Küderle, Arne; Müller, Victoria; Wirth, Vanessa; Stamminger, Marc; Rohleder, Nicolas; Eskofier, Björn (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2022)

Determinants of altered intracellular endocrine-immune interplay in Bosnian war refugees suffering from PTSD. - Pitts, Kenneth P.; Joksimovic, Ljiljana; Steudte-Schmiedgen, Susann; Rohleder, Nicolas; Wolf, Jutta (Biological Psychology, 2016)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been repeatedly linked to changes in glucocorticoid (GC) sensitivity. To increase our understanding of this phenomenon and its potential relevance for PTSD development and treatment, the current study investigates the interplay between two key moderators, glucocorticoid receptor (GRα) and GR co-chaperone FKBP5, and their relation to GC sensitivity. A GC sensitivity assay was performed in 52 Bosnian war refugees (19m; 40.8±8.7 years) clinically diagnosed with PTSD to divide the patient group into a high (HS) and a low (LS) GC sensitivity group. Expression of GRα and FKBP5 mRNA was quantified by real-time RT-PCR. Links between gene expression and GC sensitivity were driven by the HS group of PTSD patients, which also showed increased expression of GRα but not FKBP5 compared to the LS group. Further, expressions of FKBP5 and GRα were strongly correlated in the HS patient group, while this association was missing in the LS PTSD group. Our findings suggest that PTSD phenotypes may be characterized by differences in intracellular signaling transduction processes. The associations of expression of GRα and FKBP5 in the high-sensitive PTSD subgroup may thereby reflect physiological adaptation to preserve immune-relevant GC signaling. Further research is needed to understand the role and consequences of GRα-FKBP5 dissociation in low GC sensitivity PTSD patients.

Determinants of Job Satisfaction: Living one's calling as a neglected predictor. - Hagmaier-Göttle, Tamara; Abele, Andrea E. (Job Satisfaction: Determinants, Workplace Implications and Impacts on Psychological Well-Being., 2015)

Determinants of salivary α-amylase in humans and methodological considerations - Rohleder, Nicolas; Nater, Urs (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2009)