How does job insecurity relate to adaptive performance? - Niessen, Cornelia; Mäder, Inge (17th congress of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2015)
Niessen, C. & Mäder, I. (2015, May). How does job insecurity relate to adaptive performance?. Paper presented at the 17th congress of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, Oslo, Norway.

How do German police officers of varying empathy levels react to different styles of interviewing a suspected sex offender? - Baker-Eck, Bianca; Bull, Ray (International Journal of Law Crime and Justice, 2023)
The United Nations' ‘Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’, disseminated an extensive ‘Universal protocol’ on interviewing/interrogation styles in summer 2021. Its implementation across the world is likely to be influenced by current practices in various countries (such as the rapport building and empathy employed). The aims of the present study were (i) to examine German police officers' estimates of suspect interviews in four different styles of suspect interviews (‘humane’, dominant’, ‘theme development’ or ‘neutral’); and (ii) to see whether interviewers' level of empathy is associated with their reactions to the interview styles. There were significant effects found in the dominant interviewing style regarding the participants' estimation of (i) interviewer fairness towards suspect, (ii) interviewer's understanding on suspect's thought-process toward the crime, (iii) whether the interviewer was aggressive, or (iv) humane, and (v) whether the interview was conducted well. Officers' empathy level only had an effect for the dominant interviewing style.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-06-09
Keywords: Empathy; German Police; Interviewing style; Investigative interviewing; Police interview

How do objective and subjective career success interrelate over time? - Abele, Andrea E.; Spurk, Daniel (Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 2009)
The present research is concerned with the direction of influence between objective and subjective career success. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study with five waves of measurement that covered a time span of 10 years. Participants were professionals working in different occupational fields (N = 1,336). We modelled the changes in objective success (income, hierarchical position), in other-referent subjective success (subjective success as compared to a reference group), and in self-referent subjective success (job satisfaction) by means of latent growth curve analysis. Objective success influenced both the initial level and the growth of other-referent subjective success, but it had no influence on job satisfaction. Most importantly, both measures of subjective success and both their initial levels and their changes had strong influences on the growth of objective success. We conclude that the ‘objective success influences subjective success’ relationship is smaller than might be expected, whereas the ‘subjective success influences objective success’ relationship is larger than might be expected. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: objective and subjective career success; time; income; hierarchical position; other-referent subjective success; self-referent subjective success; job satisfaction

How fine motor skills influence the assessment of high ability and unterachievement - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun (Journal for the education of the gifted, 2010)
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2010.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.howfin

How gender influences objective career success and subjective career satisfaction: The impact of self-concept and of parenthood. - Abele, Andrea E. (Gender differences in aspirations and attainment. A life course perspective., 2014)
Despite excellent educational backgrounds women are still less successful in their occupational careers than men. The present research tests hypotheses derived from a dual-impact model of gender- and career-related processes in a longitudinal study with 1,015 German professionals over a time span of 10 years. In line with predictions, parenthood had a negative influence on women's objective career success that was completely due to a reduced workload and career discontinuities during their children's early childhood. In contrast, parenthood had a slightly positive effect on men's objective career success that was independent of workload. Moreover, the participants' self-concept had an influence both on parenthood (participants with a more "communal" self-concept, e.g., warmth and empathy, were more often parents) and on career success (participants with a more "agentic" self-concept, e.g., assertiveness and independence, were more successful). Both men's and women's career satisfaction could be predicted by their degree of agency and by workload. Parents were more satisfied with their careers than non-parents, and this effect was stronger for women than for men. Implications of these findings with respect to the dual-impact model of gender and with respect to applied issues are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: gender influences; objective career success; subjective career satisfaction; self concept; parenthood; educational backgrounds

How implicit theories of human motivation relate to customer service strategies - Hommelhoff, Sabine (Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management (AOM), 2015)

How intelligent, popular and nice are high achieving students according to the perceptions of their school teachers? Results of a cross-cultural study with teachers from eight countries - Leana-Tasçilar, MarilenaZ.; Blumen, S; Eberle, Thomas; Escobedo, P. S.; Jurisevic, M; Li, X.; Roy, P.; Sak, U.; Shi, J; Vialle, W; Ziegler, Albert (Talents in Motion, 2016)

How job crafting relates to task performance - Niessen, Cornelia; Weseler, Daniela (Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2016)
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between extending and reducing job crafting behavior, cognitive crafting and task performance. Design/methodology/approach – Hierarchical regression analyses of data from 131 employee-supervisor pairs were conducted to analyze the differential relations of five job crafting dimensions to self- and supervisor-rated task performance. Findings – The present study shows that reduction behavior is rated as counterproductive, and extension behavior is rated as productive in terms of task performance by employees themselves. Supervisors rated task performance higher when employees extended their tasks, and lower when they reduced relationships. Research limitations/implications – Future research should test the hypotheses in a longitudinal setting and should focus processes that moderate the differential job crafting-task performance relationships. Originality/value – By distinguishing extending and reducing task and relational boundaries and cognitive crafting, the authors give first evidence to possible negative sides of job crafting.
Keywords: Counterproductive work behaviour; Employee behaviour; Job crafting; Proactivity; Task performance

How managers respond to exhausted employees - Kranabetter, Caroline; Niessen, Cornelia (Journal of Personnel Psychology, 2016)
The purpose of this study is (1) to investigate how managers act in situations when employees are exhausted and (2) to compare these leadership behaviors to more general, context-independent leadership styles (transformational leadership, consideration, initiating structure). Interviews with 48 managers of different industries were used to examine how managers respond to exhausted employees. Based on action regulation theory, interview protocols provided insight into managers' information collection, planning, execution of actions, and feedback processing when responding to exhausted employees. In addition, context-specific leadership behaviors were identified and compared to prominent leadership styles. Managers highlighted redesigning the task and emotionally supporting the employee as particularly useful in situations when employees are exhausted.
Keywords: Consideration; Exhaustion; Health; Initiating structure; Qualitative research; Transformational leadership

How Mentors Think About the Attainability of Mentoring Goals: The Impact of Mentoring Type and Mentoring Context on the Anticipated Regulatory Network and Regulatory Resources of Potential Mentors for School Mentoring Programs - Mader, Matthias; Stoeger, Heidrun; Veas, Alejandro; Ziegler, Albert (Frontiers in Psychology, 2021)
Research shows that trained mentors achieve better results than untrained ones. Their training should particularly address their expectations for their future mentoring. Our study involved 190 preservice teachers, potential mentors of ongoing school mentoring for primary and secondary school students of all grades. They were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2-x-2 between-subjects design of mentoring type (traditional mentoring versus e-mentoring) and mentoring context (non-pandemic versus COVID-19 pandemic). Participants assessed mentoring conducted under these four conditions in terms of its appropriateness for achieving four mentoring program targets: learning, key skills, social targets, and problem coping. Participants were also asked to assess the resources available to achieve each program target. Overall, the potential mentors considered the various conditions to be suitable for achieving the four program targets. They were particularly favorable in their assessment of the possibility for the realization of learning targets. Likewise, they assumed that sufficient resources were available to achieve the targets. However, a repeated-measures MANOVA showed that the potential mentors considered more ambitious targets to be possible in traditional mentoring than in e-mentoring and normal (i.e., pre-pandemic) contextual conditions than during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, they estimated the resources available to achieve the targets to be about the same in the four conditions. This indicates a decoupling of mentoring targets from the consideration of the resources needed to achieve them. This assumption was confirmed in correlation analyses and has implications for mentor training.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-12-03
Keywords: COVID-19; e-mentoring; mentor expectation; mentor training; mentoring; mentoring goal; mentors; school mentoring

How much are we concerned if others think we act immorally? - Hauke, Nicole; Abele-Brehm, Andrea (EASP Medium Size Meeting on Moral Judgment and Behavior, 2015)

How much are we concerned if others think we are immoral, cold, incompetent, or unassertive? - Hauke, Nicole; Abele-Brehm, Andrea (14th European Congress of Psychology, 2015)

How relationship norms affect consumers’ stance on differential customer treatment - Hommelhoff, Sabine; von Wangenheim, Florian (Schmalenbachs Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung, 2015)
SBR ist mit Peer Review, die automatische Angabe oben ist leider nicht korrekt

How to promote usage of telehealth interventions for farmers' mental health? A qualitative study on supporting and hindering aspects for acceptance and satisfaction with a personalized telephone coaching for depression prevention - Thielecke, Janika; Buntrock, Claudia; Freund, Johanna; Braun, Lina; Ebert, David D.; Berking, Matthias; Baumeister, Harald; Titzler, Ingrid (Internet Interventions, 2023)
Low-threshold and remotely delivered preventive interventions, like telephone coaching, are warranted for farmers who experience multiple risk factors for depression, live in underserved areas, and show low help-seeking behavior. Factors facilitating uptake and actual use of effective remote interventions are important to reduce depression disease burden. This study aimed at identifying factors that potentially can influence acceptance of and satisfaction with a telephone coaching in this occupational group. Semi-structured interviews were based on the ‘Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology’, the ‘Evaluation’, and ‘Discrepancy’ models for satisfaction. Interviews were conducted with 20 of 66 invited participants of a 6-months telephone coaching during an effectiveness or implementation study. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed (deductive-inductive qualitative content analysis). Independent coding by two persons resulted in good agreement (Κ = 0.80). Participants validated results via questionnaire. Overall, 32 supporting (SF) and 14 hindering factors (HF) for acceptance and satisfaction were identified and organized into five dimensions: Coaching result (SF = 9, HF = 3), coach (SF = 9, HF = 1), organization (SF = 5, HF = 2), the telephone as communication medium (SF = 4, HF = 5) and participant characteristics (SF = 5, HF = 3). Most named SFs were ‘Flexible appointment arrangement’ (n = 19/95 %) and ‘low effort’ (n = 17/85 %), while most reported HFs were ‘lack of visual cues’ (n = 12/60 %) and ‘social/professional involvement restricts change process’ (n = 10/50 %). The perceived changes initiated by coaching, a low effort through telephone conduct, and the indicated personalization were identified as important influencing factors on acceptance and satisfaction based on interviewees' statements. Both may be further enhanced by offering choice and advice for delivery formats (e.g., video-calls) and training of coaches in farm-related issues. Study registration: German Clinical Trial Registrations: DRKS00017078 and DRKS00015655.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-09-29
Keywords: Acceptance; Depression; Farmers; Interviews; Satisfaction; Telephone coaching

How to reach the Farmers for Participation in digital Prevention Services: 'Lessons learned' from a national Depression Prevention Project - Thielecke, Janika; Freund, Johanna; Buntrock, Claudia; Braun, L.; Baumeister, H.; Berking, Matthias; Ebert, D. D.; Titzler, Ingrid (GESUNDHEITSWESEN, 2022)
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-09-16

How to sweeten bitter relationships: Reparation of political trust - Methner, Nicole; Bruckmüller, Susanne; Steffens, Melanie (Late Autumn School on “Trust and Distrust in a Digitized World”, 2015)

How women end up on the 'glass cliff' - Bruckmüller, Susanne; Branscombe, Nyla (Harvard Business Review, 2011)

HPA-axis and inflammatory reactivity to acute stress is related with basal HPA-axis activity. - Chen, Xuejie; Gianferante, Danielle; Hanlin, Luke; Fiksdal, Alexander; Breines, Juliana; Thoma, Myriam; Rohleder, Nicolas (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2017)
INTRODUCTION Inflammation is drawing attention as pathway between psychosocial stress and health, and basal HPA axis activity has been suggested to exert a consistent regulatory influence on peripheral inflammation. Here we studied the relationship between basal HPA axis activity and inflammatory and HPA axis acute stress reactivity. METHODS We recruited 48 healthy individuals and collected saliva for diurnal cortisol sampling at 6 points. Participants were previously exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) on two consecutive days. Plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and salivary cortisol reactivity to acute stress were measured, and their relationships with basal HPA axis activity were analyzed. RESULTS Steeper cortisol awakening response (CAR) linear increase was related with stronger cortisol stress reactivity (γ=0.015; p=0.042) and marginally significantly with greater habituation (γ=0.01; p=0.066). Greater curvilinearity of CAR was related with stronger cortisol reactivity (γ=-0.014; p=0.021) and greater cortisol habituation (γ=-0.011; p=0.006). Steeper daily linear decline was related with significant or marginally significantly stronger cortisol and IL-6 reactivity (cortisol: γ=-0.0004; p=0.06; IL-6: γ=-0.028; p=0.031) and greater habituation (cortisol: γ=-0.002; p=0.009, IL-6: γ=-0.015; p=0.033). Greater curvilinearity of daily decline was related with stronger IL-6 reactivity (γ=0.002; p=0.024) and also greater cortisol and IL-6 habituation (cortisol: γ=0.00009; p=0.03, IL-6: γ=0.001; p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS Patterns of basal HPA axis activity that are related with healthier outcomes were found to be related with stronger initial cortisol and IL-6 reactivity and greater habituation. This is an important step in understanding the long-term health implications of acute stress responsiveness, and future studies should employ longitudinal designs to identify the direction of these relationships.

Human salivary alpha-amylase reactivity in a psychosocial stress paradigm - Nater, Urs; Rohleder, Nicolas; Gaab, Jens; Berger, Simona; Jud, Andreas; Kirschbaum, Clemens; Ehlert, Ulrike (International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2005)

Hypnotic ingroup-outgroup suggestion influences economic decision-making in an Ultimum Game - Brüne, Martin; Tas, Cumhur; Wischniewski, Julia; Welpinghus, Anna; Heinisch, Christine; Newen, Albert (Consciousness and cognition, 2012)

Hypocortisolism and increased glucocorticoid sensitivity of pro-Inflammatory cytokine production in Bosnian war refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder - Rohleder, Nicolas; Joksimovic, Ljiljana; Wolf, Jutta; Kirschbaum, Clemens (Biological Psychiatry, 2004)

Identification of underachievement: an empirical study on the agreement among various diagnostic sources - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun (Gifted and talented education : major themes in education, 2009)

Identifying effective learning environments. Part 1 [Special issue] - Schorer, J; Baker, Joseph; Stöger, Heidrun; Ziegler, Albert (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2015)

Identifying effective learning environments. Part 2 - Stöger, Heidrun; Baker, Joseph; Schorer, J; Ziegler, Albert (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2015)

Identifying the causes of underachievement: A plea for the inclusion of fine motor skills - Stöger, Heidrun; Suggate, S; Ziegler, Albert (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2013)

Impact of an acceptance facilitating intervention on diabetes patients' acceptance of Internet-based interventions for depression: a randomized controlled trial. - Baumeister, H.; Nowoczin, L.; Lin, J.; Seifferth, H.; Seufert, J.; Laubner, K.; Ebert, David (Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2014)
AIMS To (1) determine diabetes patients' acceptance of Internet-based interventions (IBIs) for depression, to (2) examine the effectiveness of an acceptance facilitating intervention (AFI) and to (3) explore subgroup specific effects. METHODS 141 diabetes patients from two inpatient rehabilitation units and one outpatient clinic in Germany were randomly allocated to an intervention (IG) and a no-intervention control group (CG). The IG received an AFI consisting of a personal information session before filling-out a questionnaire on patients' acceptance of IBIs, predictors of acceptance (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and Internet anxiety) as well as sociodemographic, depression-related and diabetes-related variables. The CG filled out the questionnaire immediately. Patients' acceptance of IBIs was measured with a four-item scale (sum-score ranging from 4 to 20). RESULTS The CG showed a low (50.7%) to medium (40.8%) acceptance with only 8.5% of all diabetes patients reporting a high acceptance of IBIs for depression. The AFI had no significant effect on acceptance (IG: M=10.55, SD=4.69, n=70; KG: M=9.65, SD=4.27, n=71; d=0.20 [95%-CI: -0.13;0.53]) and the predictors of acceptance. Yet, subgroup analyses yielded a trend for depressed, diabetes-related distressed, female and younger (<59) participants and for those who do not frequently use the Internet to profit from the AFI. CONCLUSION Diabetes patients show a rather low acceptance toward IBIs for depression. Findings indicate that the AFI is likely to be effective in the subgroup of depressed, diabetes-related distressed, female or younger diabetes patients, but not in the whole target population. Hence, AFIs might need to be tailored to the specific needs of subpopulations.

Impact of a teacher-led intervention on preference for self-regulated learning finding main ideas in expository texts and reading comprehension - Stöger, Heidrun; Sontag, Christine; Ziegler, Albert (Journal of Educational Psychology, 2014)
We examined the impact of a teacher-led intervention, implemented during regular classroom instruction and homework, on fourth-grade students' preference for self-regulated learning, finding main ideas in expository texts, and reading comprehension. In our quasi-experimental study with intact classrooms, (a) students (n = 266, 12 classrooms) who received regular classroom instruction (REG) were compared with (b) students (n = 268, 12 classrooms) who were taught text reduction strategies (TEXT) and © students (n = 229, 9 classrooms) who were introduced to text reduction strategies within the framework of a 7-step cyclical model of self-regulated learning (SRL + TEXT). Participating classrooms were semi-randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 conditions, with the restriction that teachers from one school could not be in different intervention conditions. Both in their posttest and follow-up test results (11 weeks after the intervention), SRL + TEXT students showed a stronger preference for self-regulated learning than students of the 2 other groups. The SRL + TEXT students also identified more main ideas over the course of the intervention. Positive effects on reading comprehension in a standardized test were restricted to students without migration background. (PsycINFO Database Record © 2014 APA, all rights reserved).
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2014.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.impact

Impact of oral contraceptive use on glucocorticoid sensitivity of pro-inflammatory cytokine production after psychosocial stress - Rohleder, Nicolas; Wolf, Jutta; Piel, Marcel; Kirschbaum, Clemens (Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2003)

Implementing and up-scaling evidence-based eMental health in Europe: The study protocol for the MasterMind project - Vis, Christiaan; Kleiboer, Annet; Prior, Reinhard; Bønes, Erland; Cavallo, Marco; Clark, Stella Anne; Dozeman, Els; Ebert, David; Etzelmueller, Anne; Favaretto, Gerardo; Zabala, Ane Fullaondo; Kolstrup, Nils; et al. (Internet Interventions, 2015)
Background: Depressive disorder is a major societal challenge. Despite the availability of clinically and cost-effective treatments including Internet interventions, the number of patients receiving treatment is limited. Evidence-based Internet interventions promise wide availability and high efficiency of treatments. However, these interventions often do not enter routine mental healthcare delivery at a large scale. The MasterMind project aims to provide insight into the factors that promote or hinder the uptake and implementation of evidence-based Internet interventions by mental healthcare practice. Internet-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (iCBT) and videoconferencing facilitating collaborative care (ccVC) will be implemented in routine mental healthcare. The services will be offered to 5230 depressed adults in 15 European regions. The current paper describes the evaluation protocol for this large-scale implementation project. Design: Current summative evaluation study follows a naturalistic one-group pretest-posttest design and assesses three distinct stakeholders: patients, mental healthcare professionals, and mental healthcare organisations. The Model for Assessment of Telemedicine applications (MAST) will be employed to structure the implementation and evaluation study. The primary focal points of interest are reach, clinical effect, acceptability, appropriateness, implementation costs, and sustainability of the interventions in practice. Mixed-methods are used to provide an understanding of what (quantitative) the implementation projects have achieved and their meaning to various stakeholders (qualitative). Discussion: The use of Internet interventions in routine practice is limited. MasterMind attempts to bridge the gap between routine practice and effectiveness research by evaluating the implementation of evidence-based Internet interventions for depressive disorders in routine mental healthcare settings in Europe.
Keywords: Depression; EMental health; Evidence-based; Implementation; Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy; Routine practice; Telemedicine; Up-scaling; Videoconferencing

Implementing internet- and tele-based interventions to prevent mental health disorders in farmers, foresters and gardeners (ImplementIT): study protocol for the multi-level evaluation of a nationwide project - Freund, Johanna; Titzler, Ingrid; Thielecke, Janika; Braun, Lina; Baumeister, Harald; Berking, Matthias; Ebert, David (BMC Psychiatry, 2020)
BACKGROUND: Farmers are a vulnerable population for developing depression or other mental health disorders due to a variety of risk factors in their work context. Beyond face-to-face resources, preventive internet- and tele-based interventions could extend available treatment options to overcome barriers to care. The German Social Insurance Company for Agriculture, Forestry and Horticulture (SVLFG) implements several guided internet- and mobile-based interventions and personalised tele-based coaching for this specific target group provided by external companies within a nation-wide prevention project for their insured members. The current study aims to evaluate the implementation process and to identify determinants of successful implementation on various individual and organisational levels. METHODS: The current study includes two groups of participants: 1) insured persons with an observable need for prevention services, and 2) staff-participants who are involved in the implementation process. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will be used to track and evaluate the implementation process. A mixed-method approach will provide insights on individual and organizational level (e.g. degree of normalization, readiness for change) and helps to identify determinants of successful implementation. In-depth insights on experiences of the participants (e.g. acceptance, satisfaction, barriers and facilitating factors of intervention use) will be yielded through qualitative interviews. Focus groups with field workers provide insights into barriers and facilitators perceived during their consultations. Furthermore, intervention as well as implementation costs will be evaluated. According to the stepwise, national rollout, data collection will occur at baseline and continuously across 24 months. DISCUSSION: The results will show to what extent the implementation of the internet- and tele-based services as a preventive offer will be accepted by the participants and involved employees and which critical implementation aspects will occur within the process. If the implementation of the internet- and tele-based services succeeds, these services may be feasible in the long-term. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00017078 . Registered on 18.04.2019.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-09-11
Keywords: Farmers; Implementation; Internet- and tele-based interventions; Mental health; Prevention; RE-AIM framework

Implicit and explicit motive measures – A meta-analysis of their correlation and potential moderators of the relationship - Köllner, Martin; Schultheiss, Oliver (16th European Conference on Personality, 2012)

Implicit managerial theories about followers and customers - Hommelhoff, Sabine (Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 2017)

Implicit Measures in Clinical Sex Research: A Critical Evaluation - Hinzmann, Jessica; Borg, Charmaine; de Jong, Peter J. (Sexual Medicine Reviews, 2020)
Introduction: Current information-processing models of sexual arousal imply that both controlled and automatic affective-motivational processes are critically involved in sexual responding and suggest that dysfunctional automatic processes may be involved in the development and persistence of sexual dysfunctions. Because (dysfunctional) automatic processes and responses cannot be adequately captured by common self-report measures, implicit performance-based measures have been developed to index these processes. Objectives: This review provides an overview of studies that used implicit tasks in clinical sexual research, and critically evaluates the contribution and promise of these measures to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in sexual dysfunctions. Methods: 6 electronic main databases (AMED, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycINFO, and SocINDEX) were searched for studies involving implicit measurement techniques to measure automatic processes in clinical sex research. Results: A series of studies examined if lowered (or heightened) attention for sex stimuli may be involved in low sexual arousal, low desire, and genital pain. Preliminary evidence showed that lowered attention is involved in low sexual arousal. The pattern with regard to desire and genital pain was mixed which may be due to heterogeneity in assessment instruments. A limited number of studies examined automatic memory associations with sexual cues. Preliminary evidence showed negative (sex-threat/sex-disgust) associations in women with genito-pelvic pain or penetration disorder, less positive associations in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, and sex-positive and sex-failure associations in men with sexual distress. Thus far, no studies have examined lowered (or heightened) automatic sexual approach tendencies related to sexual dysfunctions. Conclusion: Implicit measures showed some promise as tools to index automatic sex-relevant cognitive mechanisms in sexual dysfunctions. Yet, more systematic research and the development of psychometrically sound measures are critical for a more comprehensive evaluation of the relevance of implicit measures in clinical sex research and their usefulness as indices of individual differences in clinical practice. Hinzmann J, Borg C, de Jong PJ. Implicit Measures in Clinical Sex Research: A Critical Evaluation. Sex Med Rev 2020;XX:XXX–XXX.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-08-14
Keywords: Automatic Processes; Clinical Sex Research; Implicit Tasks; Sexual Dysfunctions

Implicit motive profile analysis: An if-then contingency approach to the picture-story exercise - Schultheiss, Oliver; Schultheiss, Maria (Social and personality psychology compass, 2014)
Picture-story exercise (PSE) measures of implicit motives provide objective, stable, and valid scores. However, PSE scores are also characterized by substantial variability from one picture to the next, resulting in low internal consistency estimates. We argue that this variability is a critical source of the PSE's validity because it reveals stable if-then contingencies between the situational contexts represented by the picture cues and individuals' motivational responses to them. We also present the correspondence hypothesis, according to which the situational cues in the PSE are representative of specific real-life situations and a person's imaginative-story responses to the PSE cues therefore also reflect his or her real-life responses to such situations. We review corroborating research and discuss the implications of the if-then contingency approach for assessment, prediction, and for the measurement of motivational congruence. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Implicit motives and hemispheric processing differences are critical for understanding personality disorders: A Commentary on Hopwood - Schultheiss, Oliver (European Journal of Personality, 2018)

Implicit motives and leadership performance revisited: What constitutes the leadership motive pattern? - Steinmann, Barbara; Dörr, Stefan; Schultheiss, Oliver; Maier, Günter W. (Motivation and Emotion, 2015)
Previous research suggests that a combination of high need for power, low need for affiliation, and high activity inhibition—the so-called leadership motive pattern—is related to high leader effectiveness. However, when studying this relation, research has mainly relied on a typological approach based on dichotomous configurations of motives instead of using a dimensional approach via regression analysis with interaction terms. Applying the latter approach, we explored separate and interactive effects of need for power, need for affiliation, and activity inhibition on managerial performance. We administered picture story exercises to 70 managers, and found the three-way interaction between predictors to account for increases in income and team goal attainment. Follow-up analyses indicated that managers are most successful when they are high in all three predictors.
Keywords: Activity inhibition; Leadership motive pattern; Leadership performance; Need for affiliation; Need for power

Implicit motives and the development of competencies: A virtuous-circle model of motive-driven learning. - Schultheiss, Oliver; Köllner, Martin (International handbook of emotions in education, 2014)
Keywords: implicit motives; implicit-explicit correlation; independence postulate; meta-analysis; motive congruence; picture-story exercise; questionnaire; self-attributed motivation

Implicit motives - Schultheiss, Oliver; Brunstein, Joachim (Oxford University Press, 2010)

Implicit motives - Schultheiss, Oliver (Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 2008)

Implicit motives: Current topics and future directions - Schultheiss, Oliver; Rösch, Andreas; Rawolle, Maika; Kordik, Annette; Graham, Stacie C. (The decade ahead : theoretical perspectives on motivation and achievement, 2010)

Implicit Motives, Explicit Motives, and Motive-Related Life Events in Clinical Depression - Neumann, M.; Schultheiss, Oliver (Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2015)
Past research suggests that implicit motive dispositions moderate individuals’ affective responses to stimuli and life events and are related to well-being and symptoms of depression. We examined whether this association also extends to clinical depression by comparing patients diagnosed with a depressive disorder (n = 30) with a control group of surgery patients (n = 31) on implicit motives, assessed with a picture-story exercise, explicit motives, assessed via questionnaire, and recall and affect ratings of motive-related positive and negative life events. Depressed patients had lower levels of implicit needs for achievement and power than controls. Differences for implicit affiliation motivation as well as for the corresponding explicit motives were in the same direction, but considerably smaller. Compared to controls, depressed individuals recalled more positive and negative life events, but only rated the latter (particularly in the domains of power and achievement) more negatively. These findings suggest that implicit motive concepts and measures may provide a fruitful approach to understanding depression.
Keywords: Depression; Explicit motives; Implicit motives; Life events; Need for achievement; Need for affiliation; Need for power; Picture-story exercise

Implicit Motives, Laterality, Sports Participation and Competition in Gymnasts - Schütz, Lisa Marie; Schultheiss, Oliver (Frontiers in Psychology, 2020)
The implicit motivational needs for power, achievement, and affiliation are relevant for sports performance. Due to their hypothesized association with functions of the right hemisphere (McClelland, 1986), they may influence lateralized perceptual and motor processes. And due to their interactions with motive-specific incentives, they may influence performance conditional on the presence of suitable incentives. This preregistered study, conducted mostly online, examines motivational needs using a standard picture-story exercise (PSE) and their associations with indicators of perceptual and motor laterality and sports performance in gymnasts (N = 67). Further it explores how implicit motives interact with suitable motivational incentives in the prediction of sports performance. Results partly confirm a link between indicators of cerebral rightward laterality and implicit motives: the implicit affiliation and achievement motives are positively associated with an indicator of emotional-perceptional laterality (chimeric-faces task), but not with an indicator of motor laterality (turning bias). Moreover, the implicit achievement motive was positively correlated with training hours. The implicit affiliation motive was negatively associated with the highest attained competition level. The presence of achievement incentives (perceived control, failure) and affiliation incentives (training together or alone) did not interact with corresponding motives to predict sports performance.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-06-16
Keywords: competition; gymnasts; implicit motives; performance; sports participation

Implicit motives modulate attentional orienting to perceived facial expressions of emotion - Schultheiss, Oliver; Hale, J. A. (Motivation and Emotion, 2007)

Implicit motives predict affective responses to emotional expressions - Rösch, Andreas; Stanton, Steven J.; Schultheiss, Oliver (Frontiers in Psychology, 2013)
We explored the influence of implicit motives and activity inhibition (AI) on subjectively experienced affect in response to the presentation of six different facial expressions of emotion (FEEs; anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) and neutral faces from the NimStim set of facial expressions (Tottenham et al., 2009). Implicit motives and AI were assessed using a Picture Story Exercise (PSE) (Schultheiss et al., 2009b). Ratings of subjectively experienced affect (arousal and valence) were assessed using Self-Assessment Manikins (SAM) (Bradley and Lang, 1994) in a sample of 84 participants. We found that people with either a strong implicit power or achievement motive experienced stronger arousal, while people with a strong affiliation motive experienced less arousal and less pleasurable affect across emotions. Additionally, we obtained significant power motive × AI interactions for arousal ratings in response to FEEs and neutral faces. Participants with a strong power motive and weak AI experienced stronger arousal after the presentation of neutral faces but no additional increase in arousal after the presentation of FEEs. Participants with a strong power motive and strong AI (inhibited power motive) did not feel aroused by neutral faces. However, their arousal increased in response to all FEEs with the exception of happy faces, for which their subjective arousal decreased. These differentiated reaction patterns of individuals with an inhibited power motive suggest that they engage in a more socially adaptive manner of responding to different FEEs. Our findings extend established links between implicit motives and affective processes found at the procedural level to declarative reactions to FEEs. Implications are discussed with respect to dual-process models of motivation and research in motive congruence. © 2013 Rösch, Stanton and Schultheiss.
Keywords: Activity inhibition; Affect; Arousal; Emotion; Implicit motives; Inhibited power motive; Valence

Implicit motives show sex-dimorphic associations with digit ratio - Schultheiss, Oliver; Frisch, Miriam; Özbe, Dominik; Oßmann, Anna; Schultheiss, Maria; Rösch, Andreas (Motivation Science, 2019)

Implicit need for achievement predicts attenuated cortisol responses to difficult tasks - Schultheiss, Oliver; Wiemers, Uta; Wolf, Oliver T. (Journal of research in personality, 2014)
The present research tested the hypothesis that the implicit need for achievement (n Achievement) predicts attenuated cortisol (C) responses to difficult tasks, because it represents a propensity to view difficulty as a cue to mastery reward. In two studies, n Achievement was assessed through content-coding of imaginative stories and salivary C was assessed both at baseline and post-task. In Study 1 (N= 108 US students), n Achievement predicted an attenuated C response to a one-on-one competition in the laboratory, regardless of whether participants won or lost. In Study 2 (N= 62 German students), n Achievement predicted an attenuated C response to the Trier Social Stress Test (Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, 1993), but not to a non-stressful control task. In Study 2 only, the attenuating effect of n Achievement was moderated by gender, with only men showing the effect. Across both studies, the average effect size of the association between n Achievement and C responses to difficult tasks was r= -28. These findings point to a role of n Achievement in emotion regulation. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Keywords: Content coding; Emotion regulation; Implicit motives; Personality; Picture story exercise; Stress response; Task difficulty

Implicit need for affiliation is associated with increased corrugator activity in a non-positive, but not in a positive social interaction - Kordik, Annette; Schultheiss, Oliver; Eska, Kathrin (Journal of research in personality, 2012)
Affective changes in response to motive-relevant stimuli are a defining feature of implicit motives. We therefore expected to find an effect of individual differences in the implicit need for affiliation (nAff) on corrugator supercilii activity, an indicator of affect, when participants were confronted with nonverbal indicators of a conversational partner’s withdrawal. Participants’ nAff was assessed with a Picture Story Exercise (PSE). They were then involved in an interaction with a smiling or a neutral experimenter while their corrugator activity was measured with electromyography (EMG). As expected, we found higher corrugator activity for people high in nAff compared to people low in nAff when the experimenter kept a neutral facial expression throughout the interaction but not when he/she was smiling.
Keywords: Implicit motives; Affiliation motive; EMG; Affect; Facial expressions of emotion; Neutral facial expression; Corrugator supercili

Implicit normativity in intergroup comparisons : the cultural reproduction of status inequalities via the comparative framing of differences - Bruckmüller, Susanne (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2011)

Implicit personality theories on the modifiability and stability of the action repertoire as a meaningful framework for individual motivation: A cross-cultural study - Ziegler, Albert; Fidelman, Marina; Reutlinger, Marold; Vialle, W; Stöger, Heidrun (High ability studies, 2010)

Implicit Theory of Mind – An overview of current replications and non-replications - Kulke, Louisa; Rakoczy, Hannes (Data in Brief, 2018)
Keywords: Implicit Theory of Mind; Replications; Replication crisis

Implicit Theory of Mind under realistic social circumstances measured with mobile eye-tracking - Kulke, Louisa; Hinrichs, Max (Scientific Reports, 2021)
Recently, there has been a debate whether implicit Theory of Mind can be reliably measured using anticipatory looking tasks. Previous anticipatory looking paradigms used video stimuli to measure implicit Theory of Mind; however, numerous replications of these paradigms were unsuccessful. This lack of replications may be due to video stimuli not being sufficiently engaging. As Theory of Mind is an inherently social phenomenon, robust evidence might only be observed in a real social situation. Therefore, the current preregistered study aimed to test anticipatory looking with real-life social stimuli. A mobile eye-tracker was used to measure gaze patterns indicative of Theory of Mind while participants observed a real-life interaction of an experimenter and a confederate. The realistic scenario did not provide clear evidence for implicit Theory of Mind. Furthermore, anticipatory looking behavior did not reliably occur during familiarization trials, in line with previous research. However, looking patterns were slightly more in line with belief tracking than in some more controlled studies using video stimuli. In general, implicit Theory of Mind was not reliably reflected in anticipatory looking patterns even if they were measured in realistic social situations. This questions the suitability of anticipatory looking measures for implicit Theory of Min
Keywords: implicit Theory of Mind; mobile eye-tracking; social interaction; live interaction

Implizite Motive als Prädiktoren von Leader- Member- Exchange: die Rolle von Moderatoren - Mäder, Inge (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2012)

Improving psychological science: further thoughts, reflections and ways forward - O'Connor, Daryl B.; Abele, Andrea E.; Baguley, Thom; Daly, Michael; Doherty, Nicola; Grange, James A.; Leman, Patrick J.; Pressman, Sarah D.; Rossit, Stephanie; Simms, Victoria (Cogent Psychology, 2022)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-08-05

Improving the family environment to prevent child behavior problems: A study on the parent training of the EFFEKT program - Stemmler, Mark Kurt; Beelmann, Andreas; Jaursch, Stefanie; Lösel, Friedrich (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2007)
Inappropriate parenting behavior in the family can be one of many risk factors in children's social development. Accordingly, prevention programs aim at improving parenting. The relation between parenting and problem behavior was investigated and an evaluation reported of parent training in the German prevention program EFFEKT (Entwicklungsförderung in Familien: Eltern- und Kinder-Training – Enhancing the development of families: parent and child training). As part of the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study [Lösel, F., Beelmann, A., Jaursch, S., Koglin, U., Stemmler, M., 2005a. Entwicklung und Prävention früher Problem des Sozialverhaltens: Die Erlangen-Nürnberger Studie. In: Cierpka, M. (Ed.), Möglichkeiten der Gewaltprävention. Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, Göttingen, pp. 201–249.], this paper presents data on 128 mothers and 16 fathers who participated in the parent training. The trained parents were compared with a matched control group on scales of self-reported parenting behavior. Significant effects were found 2–3 months after training and in a follow-up survey 1 year later. Trained mothers showed more positive parenting and less inconsistent discipline than control mothers. Results for fathers were not significant. Our results suggest that with the EFFEKT parent training it is possible to change the child's family environment in a positive manner, with relatively low costs for the parents regarding time and money, but with sustainable effects.
Keywords: Prevention of antisocial behavior; Parenting behavior; Parent training; Evaluation; Social environment

Improving the generalizability of infant psychological research: The ManyBabies model - Visser, Ingmar; Bergmann, Christina; Byers-Heinlein, Krista; Dal Ben, Rodrigo; Duch, Wlodzislaw; Forbes, Samuel; Franchin, Laura; Frank, Michael; Geraci, Alessandra; Hamlin, J Kiley; Kaldy, Zsuzsa; Kulke, Louisa; et al. (Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2021)
Yarkoni’s analysis clearly articulates a number of concerns limiting the generalizability and explanatory power of psychological findings, many of which are compounded in infancy research. ManyBabies addresses these concerns via a radically collaborative, large - scale and open approach to research that is grounded in theory - building, committed to diversification, and focused on understanding sources of variation.

Imputing missing data values in repeated measurement within-subjects designs - Bingham, C. Raymond; Stemmler, Mark; Petersen, Anne C.; Graber, Julia A. (Methods of Psychological Research, 1998)
Introduces a procedure for inputing missing data values in repeated measurement within-subjects designs. Two sets of simulations were performed. The first used a single data set to examine the influence of the proportion of cases with missing values, the number of repeated measures, and the shape of the individual response curve on the discrepancy between the imputed and observed data, and to compare this method with mean-substitution. A Monte Carlo simulation was also conducted which examined the proportion of cases with missing values, the shape of the individual response curve, and the sample size in relation to the discrepancy between the observed and imputed standard errors and moments. Results indicated that the imputed data closely approximated observed values, that estimation improved as the number of repeated measures increased and proportion of cases with missing values decreased, and that sample sizes greater than 100 provided equivalent results.
Keywords: imputing missing data values; repeated measurement within subjects designs

Incentive-based extinction of safety behaviors: Positive outcomes competing with aversive outcomes trigger fear-opposite action to prevent protection from fear extinction - Pittig, Andre (Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2019)
Maladaptive safety behavior maintains fear and anxiety by prohibiting inhibitory learning about the non-occurrence of feared outcomes (known as protection from extinction). Not engaging in safety behavior, however, requires to act opposite to fear-motivated behavioral tendencies. The initiation of such fear-opposite action by positive outcomes, which were in conflict with safety behavior, was tested. Following fear acquisition to a warning signal (CS+), participants acquired safety behavior to prevent the aversive outcome (n = 48). Next, safety behavior also prevented gaining rewards. In a control group (n = 50), neutral outcomes were presented to control for novelty effects of the second outcome. Subsequently, no aversive outcome occurred anymore. Phases with safety behavior were intermitted by phases without safety behavior being available to examine cognitive and physiological indicators of fear and anxiety. Without competing positive outcomes, safety behavior was frequently executed, persisted in absence of the aversive outcome, and prohibited extinction learning. Positive outcomes clearly reduced safety behavior despite equal levels of acquired fear. This enabled fear extinction as soon as the aversive outcome was absent. Importantly, this extinction learning resulted in attenuated fear and anxiety responses when safety behavior became unavailable. Post-hoc findings indicated that the mere anticipation of positive outcomes slightly reduced safety behavior. Thus, competing positive outcomes triggered fear-opposite action that prevented persistent safety behavior and protection from extinction.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: Anxiety; Avoidance; Fear conditioning; Fear extinction; Positive reinforcement; Safety behavior

Incentive-based, instructed, and social observational extinction of avoidance: Fear-opposite actions and their influence on fear extinction - Pittig, Andre; Wong, Alex H. K. (Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2021)
Avoidance is a transdiagnostic symptom of clinical anxiety and its reduction a major focus of cognitive-behavioral treatments. This study examined the instrumental extinction of goal-directed avoidance by means of incentives, verbal instruction, and social observation and their influence on fear extinction. Participants acquired conditioned fear and instrumental avoidance responses (N = 160). In four randomized groups, the reduction of avoidance by incentives for non-avoidance, instructions to refrain from avoidance, and social observation of non-avoidance was compared to no intervention before removing the aversive outcome. Conditioned fear when avoidance became unavailable subsequently was tested. Incentives, instruction, and observation all reduced avoidance better than no intervention, however, with different degrees and influence on conditioned fear. Incentives and instructions strongly reduced avoidance despite high levels of fear (i.e., fear-opposite actions). This initiated fear extinction, thereby reducing conditioned fear when avoidance became unavailable. Social observation directly reduced conditioned fear, presumably because it conveyed additional information about the absence of the aversive outcome. However, observation only moderately reduced avoidance and resulted in higher fear when avoidance became unavailable. The effects of social observation may depend on the nuances of the demonstrator's behavior. The clear effects of incentive and instructions provide support for clinical interventions to reduce avoidance during exposure therapy and can serve as experimental models for their controlled investigation.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: Anxiety; Avoidance; Fear conditioning; Fear extinction; Fear-opposite action; Safety behavior

Inclusive gifted education: If not now, when? - Nunez, Miguelina; Gläser-Zikuda, Michaela; Ziegler, Albert (2020)

Inclusive gifted education: Voices from around the world - Nunez, Miguelina; Gläser-Zikuda, Michaela; Ziegler, Albert (2020)

Increased alpha-amylase response to an acute psychosocial stress challenge in healthy adults with childhood adversity - Kuras, Yulia; McInnis, Christine; Thoma, Myriam; Chen, Xuejie; Hanlin, Luke; Gianferante, Danielle; Rohleder, Nicolas (Developmental Psychobiology, 2017)

Increased anxiety of public situations during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a community and a patient sample - Pittig, Andre; Glück, Valentina M.; Boschet, Juliane M.; Wong, Alex H.K.; Engelke, Paula (Clinical Psychology in Europe, 2021)
Keywords: COVID-19; Anxiety; Public situations; Emotional distress

Increasing intentions to use mental health services among university students. Results of a pilot randomized controlled trial within the World Health Organization's World Mental Health International College Student Initiative - Mortier, Philippe; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Alonso, Jordi; Karyotaki, Eirini; Berking, Matthias; Cuijpers, Pim; Kessler, Ronald C.; Auerbach, Randy P.; Baumeister, Harald; Ebert, David; Franke, Marvin; Kählke, Fanny; et al. (International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2019)
Keywords: health behavior; risk factors; psychoeducation; public mental health

Increasing the acceptance of internet-based mental health interventions in primary care patients with depressive symptoms. A randomized controlled trial - Ebert, David; Berking, Matthias; Cuijpers, Pim; Lehr, Dirk; M., Pörtner; Baumeister, Harald (Journal of Affective Disorders, 2015)
Conclusion: Primary care patients' acceptance of IBIs for depressive symptoms was low but could be increased significantly using a brief acceptance facilitating intervention on the basis of an informational video. Future studies should further examine the potential of acceptance facilitating interventions for patients and health care providers to exploit the public health impact of IBIs. (C) 2015 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Depression; Acceptance; Randomized-controlled trial; Internet-based intervention; Implementation; e-health

Increasing the clinical interpretability of PHQ-9 through equipercentile linking with health utility values by EQ-5D-3L - Furukawa, Toshi A.; Levine, Stephen Z.; Buntrock, Claudia; Cuijpers, Pim (Evidence-Based Mental Health, 2021)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-08-06
Keywords: adult psychiatry; anxiety disorders; psychiatry

India in World Science - Porath, Marion; Ziegler, Albert (Talent Talks, 2010)

Individual behavioral activation in the treatment of depression: A meta analysis - Cuijpers, Pim; Karyotaki, Eirini; Harrer, Mathias; Stikkelbroek, Yvonne (Psychotherapy Research, 2023)
ObjectiveBehavioral activation (BA) is an extensively examined treatment for depression which is relatively simple to apply in comparison to other psychotherapies. BA aims to increase positive interactions between a person and the environment. All previous meta-analyses focused on BA in groups and guided self-help, but none focused on BA in individual psychotherapy. The goal of the current meta-analysis is to examine the pooled effects of trials comparing individual BA to control conditions.MethodsWe conducted systematic searches and conducted random effects meta-analyses to examine the effects of BA.ResultsWe included 22 randomized controlled trials (with 819 patients) comparing individual behavioral activation with waitlist, usual care, or other control conditions on distal treatment outcomes. Nine studies were rated as low risk of bias. We found a large effect (Hedges' g = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.57; 1.1) with high heterogeneity (75%; 95% CI: 62; 83). When only studies with low risk of bias were considered, the effect size was still significant (g = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.09; 1.03), with high heterogeneity (I-2 = 80%; 95% CI: 66; 89; prediction interval: -0.85; 1.98).ConclusionBA is an effective, relatively simple type of therapy that can be applied broadly in differing populations/.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2023-05-05

Individual Case Coaching through Telephone as a Prevention Offer for Farmers, Foresters and Horticulturists? - Results of a randomized controlled Efficacy Trial (TEC-A) - Thielecke, Janika; Buntrock, Claudia; Titzler, Ingrid; Freund, Johanna; Braun, L.; Baumeister, H.; Ebert, David (GESUNDHEITSWESEN, 2021)
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-05-20

Individual differences in local and global metacognitive judgments - Händel, Marion; De Bruin, Anique B. H.; Dresel, Markus (Metacognition and Learning, 2020)
Extensive research has been conducted to understand how accurately students monitor their studying and performance via metacognitive judgments. Moreover, the bases of students’ metacognitive judgments are of interest. While previous results are quite consistent regarding the importance of performance for the accuracy of metacognitive judgments, results regarding motivational and personality variables are rather heterogeneous. This paper reports on two studies that simultaneously examined the predictive power of several performance, motivational, and personality variables on metacognitive judgments. The studies investigated a set of judgments (local and global postdictions in Study 1 and global pre- and postdictions in Study 2) and accuracy scores (bias, sensitivity, and specificity) in two different settings. Individual differences in judgments and judgment accuracy were studied via hierarchical regression analyses. Study 1 with N = 245 undergraduate students identified performance and domain-specific self-concept as relevant predictors for judgments after test taking. This was consistently found for local and global judgments. Study 2 with N = 138 undergraduate students hence focused on domain-specific self-concept and extended results to predictions. Study 2 replicated results for global postdictions but not predictions. Specifically, before task processing, students’ judgments relied mostly on domain-specific self-concept but not on test performance itself. The studies indicate that different judgments and measures of judgment accuracy are needed to obtain comprehensive insights into individual differences in metacognitive monitoring.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-02-11
Keywords: Individual differences; Judgment accuracy; Performance; Self-concept

Individual dispositions as precursors of differences in attachment quality: why maternal sensitivity is nevertheless important - Spangler, Gottfried (Attachment and Human Development, 2013)
This paper explores the interplay of maternal sensitivity (or, more generally, the quality of the caregiving social environment) and infant individual dispositions in predicting infant-mother attachment. After a brief theoretical introduction, the focus turns to studies conducted during the 1980s that predicted attachment security vs. insecurity at 12 months from newborns' ability to regulate orientation and arousal. A re-analysis of two longitudinal studies, formerly coded only with the ABC system, subsequently revealed that disorganized (vs. organized) attachment was predictable from newborns' regulatory abilities, whereas secure (vs. insecure) attachment was predictable from the quality of maternal care. This suggested that the two dichotomies represented distinct dimensions and that - in low risk samples - disorganized SSP behavior may be associated with infant behavioral dispositions. More recent attempts to predict disorganized attachment from infant genetic (as opposed to newborn behavioral) dispositions yielded inconsistent results when only main effects models were examined. A set of subsequent studies examining the interplay of genetic and caregiving influences in the prediction of disorganized attachment suggested that maternal sensitivity is of particular importance in cases of genetic risk. © 2013 © Taylor & Francis.

Individual self > relational self > collective self-But why? Processes driving the self-hierarchy in self- and person perception - Nehrlich, Andreas D.; Gebauer, Jochen E.; Sedikides, Constantine; Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Journal of Personality, 2019)
Objective: The self has three parts: individual, relational, and collective. Typically, people personally value their individual self most, their relational self less, and their collective self least. This self-hierarchy is consequential, but underlying processes have remained unknown. Here, we propose two process accounts. The content account draws upon selves' agentic-communal content, explaining why the individual self is preferred most. The teleology account draws upon selves' instrumentality for becoming one's personal ideal, explaining why the collective self is preferred least.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-04-09

Individual variation in fathers’ testosterone reactivity to infant distress predicts parenting behaviors with their 1-year-old infants. - Kuo, Patty X.; Saini, Ekjyot K.; Thomason, Elizabeth; Schultheiss, Oliver; Richard, Gonzalez; Volling, Brenda L. (Developmental Psychobiology, 2016)

Individuelle Begabungsförderung in Lernsoziotopen - Ziegler, Albert (Individuelle Förderung multipler Begabungen, 2010)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2010.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.indivi

Individuelle Zielorientierung und wahrgenommene Klassenzielstruktur im Grundschulalter - Finsterwald, Monika; Ziegler, Albert; Dresel, Markus (Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 2009)

Infants' attention is biased by emotional expressions and eye gaze direction - Heinisch, Christine; Höhl, Stefanie; Palumbo, Letizia; Striano, Tricia (NeuroReport, 2008)

Inflammation - Rohleder, Nicolas; Wolf, Jutta (Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2012)

Influence of Sensor Position and Body Movements on Radar-Based Heart Rate Monitoring - Herzer, Liv; Mücke, Annika; Richer, Robert; Albrecht, Nils Christian; Heyder, Markus; Jäger, Katharina; König, Veronika; Koelpin, Alexander; Rohleder, Nicolas; Eskofier, Björn (2022 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI), 2022)
Cardiac parameters are important indicators for health assessment. Radar-based monitoring with microwave interferometric sensors (MIS) is a promising alternative to conventional measurement methods, as it enables completely contactless cardiac function diagnostics. In this study, we evaluated the effects of sensor positioning and movement on the accuracy of radar-based heart rate measurements with MIS. For this purpose, we recruited 29 participants which performed semi-standardized movements, a reading task, and a standardized laboratory stress test in a seated position. Furthermore, we compared three different sensor positions (dorsal, upper pectoral, and lower pectoral) to a gold standard 1-channel wearable ECG sensor node. The dorsal positioning achieved the best results with a mean error (ME) of 0.2±5.4 bpm and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.5±4.1 bpm for no movement and also turned out to be most robust against motion artifacts with an overall ME of 0.1±14.1 bpm (MAE: 9.5±10.4 bpm). No correlation was found between movement intensity and measurement error. Instead, movement type and direction were identified as primary impact factors. This study provides a valuable contribution towards the applicability of radar-based vital sign monitoring with MIS in real-world scenarios. However, further research is needed to sufficiently prevent and compensate for movement artifacts.<br

Informationen zu Lernmotivation, Autonomieunterstützung und Kompetenzunterstützung - Materialien für Lehrerinnen und Lehrer - Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; Kliewe, Anke; Kramer, Klaudia; Röber, Nicola; et al. (2000)

Inhibited power motivation is associated with the facial width-to-height ratio in females - Janson, Kevin; Bleck, Kira; Fenkl, Julia; Riegl, Lea T.; Jägel, Franziska; Köllner, Martin (Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, 2018)

Inhibited symptoms of Attachment Disorder in children from institutional and foster care samples - Spangler, Gottfried; Bovenschen, Ina; Jorjadze, Nino; Zimmermann, Janin; Werner, Anne; Riedel, Nadine; Gabler, Sandra; Kliewer-Neumann, Josephine D.; Nowacki, Katja (Attachment and Human Development, 2019)
The main objective of the article was to study the prevalence of symptoms of the inhibited attachment disorder depending on type and quality of the caregiving environment. Analyses were based on data of a sample of institutionalized children from Georgia (N = 16), and two samples of foster children from Georgia (N = 27) and Germany (N = 55). Inhibited attachment disorder symptoms were assessed by the Disturbances of Attachment Interview (DAI) and the Rating of Inhibited Attachment Behavior (RInAB). Further assessments included behavior problems in children, quality of caregiving behavior in foster parents/caregivers, and presence of preferred caregiver in the institution. Regarding inhibited attachment behavior, expected differences between institutional (high scores) and foster samples (low scores) found for both measures (RInAB and DAI), and convergent validity between these measures was found in the institutional sample, but not in the foster samples. There were also indications of construct validity (regarding preferred caregiver in institution and caregiver supportive presence). The findings also suggest methodological issues brought about by skewed distributions of positive and negative measures in high-risk and low-risk samples, respectively.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-02-21
Keywords: foster care; inhibited attachment behavior; institutional care; Reactive Attachment Disorder

Inhibition of return in fear of spiders: Discrepant eye movement and reaction time data - Berdica, Elisa; Gerdes, Antje B. M.; Pittig, Andre; Alpers, Georg W. (Journal of Ophthalmology, 2014)
Inhibition of return (IOR) refers to a bias against returning the attention to a previously attended location. As a foraging facilitator it is thought to facilitate systematic visual search. With respect to neutral stimuli, this is generally thought to be adaptive, but when threatening stimuli appear in our environment, such a bias may be maladaptive. This experiment investigated the influence of phobia-related stimuli on the IOR effect using a discrimination task. A sample of 50 students (25 high, 25 low in spider fear) completed an IOR task including schematic representations of spiders or butterflies as targets. Eye movements were recorded and to assess discrimination among targets, participants indicated with button presses if targets were spiders or butterflies. Reaction time data did not reveal a significant IOR effect but a significant interaction of group and target; spider fearful participants were faster to respond to spider targets than to butterflies. Furthermore, eye-tracking data showed a robust IOR effect independent of stimulus category. These results offer a more comprehensive assessment of the motor and oculomotor factors involved in the IOR effect. © 2014 Elisa Berdica et al.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26

Inkonsistenz im Erziehungsverhalten zwischen Müttern und Vätern und Verhaltensprobleme des Kindes - Jaursch, Stefanie; Lösel, Friedrich; Beelmann, Andreas; Stemmler, Mark (Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 2009)

Inpatient Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) for treatment resistant and chronically depressed patients: adverse effects related to response and relapse - Spies, J.; Zimmermann, J.; Radtke, M.; Becker, M.; Jacobi, Frank; Normann, C.; Berking, Matthias; Brakemeier, E. L. (23rd World Congress on Psychosomatic Medicine, 2015)

Inputs, outputs and multisensory processing - Rohe, Tim; Zeise, Marc (Neuroscience for Psychologists: An Introduction, 2021)
Keywords: Sensory processing; multisensory perception

INSELpro: Ein elektronischer Marktplatz für personennahe Dienstleistungen - Hensel, Lisa; Henselmann, Daniel; Hofmann, Jan (Personennahe Dienstleistungen der Zukunft, 2023)
Im BMBF-geförderten Verbundprojekt INSELpro bieten Prosumer ihre Dienste auf einem Markt der örtlichen Nachbarschaftsdienstleistungen an. Hilfebedürftigen Mitbürgern in einem geografischen Quartierbereich werden über eine Dienstleistungsplattform zu ihrer jeweiligen Unterstützungsanforderung passende Helfer vermittelt, die sich grundsätzlich dazu bereiterklärt haben, Hilfe zu leisten. Angebot und Nachfrage werden über die Plattform zusammengeführt, die Dienstleistungen aber extern zwischen den Beteiligten konkretisiert und ausgeführt. Die Besonderheit ist dabei, dass die Vermittlung mithilfe einer flexiblen Matrix aus benötigten und vorhandenen Fähigkeiten erfolgt, was die Vermittlungsqualität verbessert. Das Forschungsprojekt setzt auf den wissenschaftlichen Ansatz des Prototyping, bei dem ein Artefakt (hier: die Vermittlungsplattform mit einer App als Frontend) in mehreren iterativen Zyklen entwickelt wird. Dabei sind jeweils nutzerzentrierte Evaluationen direkt an die einzelnen Entwicklungsschritte angekoppelt, um ggf. Fehlentwicklungen frühzeitig gegensteuern zu können. Um die Beteiligung an dieser elektronisch unterstützten und koordinierten Art der Nachbarschaftshilfe auszubauen bzw. auf einem hohen Niveau zu halten, sind unterschiedliche Maßnahmen denkbar. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Ansätze zur Incentivierung der beteiligten Prosumenten auf, die sowohl online als auch offline durchführbar sind.<br
Keywords: Dienstleistung; Prosument; Motivation; Anreizsetzung; Zuordnung; Algorithmus; Evaluation

Instructed threat enhances threat perception in faces. - Kavcioglu, Fatih C.; Bublatzky, Florian; Pittig, Andre; Alpers, Georg W. (Emotion, 2021)
Anxiety can boost the detection of potential threats in many ways. There is evidence that one and the same facial expression can be perceived differently depending on whether it is seen in a neutral or in a threatening situation. The present study investigated how aversive anticipation influences the accuracy of facial emotion recognition and the perceived emotional intensity of faces that had their objective emotional intensity manipulated. Forty-three participants categorized and rated the intensity of morphed faces (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) of fearful, angry, and happy expressions. Differently colored picture frames indicated either threat of electric shock or safety. Threat of shock enhanced the categorization accuracy specifically for fearful faces. During threat, 80% fearful and happy faces, and all levels of angry faces (20%–80%) were rated as more intense. In addition, we found that more trait-anxious individuals more frequently erroneously categorized neutral faces as fearful. Thus, state anxiety enhanced accurate fear categorization and boosted the perceived intensity of emotional faces, whereas trait anxiety led to a biased threat perception in nonthreatening faces. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-26
Keywords: anxiety; emotional faces; face recognition; intensity ratings; threat of shock

Integrated STEM for regular and gifted students in Germany - Händel, Marion; Ziegler, Albert (Promoting the gifted to be real-world problem-solvers through interdisciplinary education, 2012)

Intelligence, Educational and Learning Capital, and Domain Impact Level of Activities as Predictors of School Achievement - Harder, Bettina; O'Reilly, Colm; Debatin, Tobias (Journal for the education of the gifted, 2018)
Intelligence is a well-supported predictor of school achievement, however, it refers only to the cognitive facet of learning determinants. The aim of this article is to contrast the predictive properties of two comprehensive concepts developed within the actiotope model of giftedness (AMG) with that of intelligence. These concepts are educational and learning capital (ELC) and the domain impact level of activities (DILA), which were contrasted with a nonverbal intelligence measure (Raven’s standard progressive matrices). We investigated N = 90 fourth graders from regular classes in a German urban area. Results showed that achievement in German language was better predicted by ELC and DILA than by intelligence, whereas mathematical achievement was predicted by intelligence and educational and learning capital to similar degrees. The AMG concepts also showed incremental predictive power over intelligence. These findings suggest that ELC and, with some limitation, DILA (a) are well suited for predictions of school achievement and (b) capture valuable different aspects of the learning system than intelligence measures. Implications for education and research are discussed.
Created from Fastlane, Scopus look-up
Keywords: domain impact level of activities; educational and learning capital; intelligence; performance prediction; school achievement

Intentionales Vergessen im Arbeitsalltag: Eine Critical Incident Untersuchung - Niessen, Cornelia; Göbel, Kyra; Siebers, Michael; Schmid, Ute (10th Conference of the section Work, Organizational and Business Psychology of the German Psychological Society, 2017)

„Intention to treat“ oder „treatment as received“ - der Umgang mit Abbrechern in der Forschung zur Straftäterbehandlung: Methodische Überlegungen und Beispiele aktueller Studien - Endres, Johann; Breuer, Maike Miriam; Stemmler, Mark (Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 2016)

Interaction of family risk and child care as well as early child care providers' characteristics on toddlers' social-emotional problems: Relevance for promoting resilience in kindergarten - Ortelbach, Niklas; Gerlach, Jennifer; Bovenschen, Ina; Peter, Charlotte; Liel, Christoph; Scheithauer, Herbert (Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 2023)
Children with family risk factors (e. g. poverty, low parental education) may benefit from high quality early day-care. This study investigated a sample of 353 toddlers (52.9 % boys; age: M = 27.1 months) whose parents provided information on family risk factors. Professionals (N = 56) from 47 day-care centers assessed the children's social-emotional competencies and problems and provided information on characteristics of the day-care center, their occupational situation, and self-efficacy. In multi-level regression models, the number of proximal (but not distal) risk factors predicted the toddlers' social-emotional problems, and this relationship was moderated by caregiver self-efficacy. In addition to child age and gender, social-emotional competencies were predicted only by professionals' self-efficacy. To conclude, the relevance of early day-care providers' -self-efficacy for the promotion of resilience through universal prevention programs is discussed.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2023-03-03

Interformat reliability of the patient health questionnaire: Validation of the computerized version of the PHQ-9 - Erbe, Doris; Eichert, Hans Christoph; Rietz, Christian; Ebert, David (Internet Interventions, 2016)
Keywords: Assessment; Computer; Depression; Interformat reliability; Internet; PHQ-9; Psychometric; Questionnaire

Interindividuelle Unterschiede in der Salienz und Kontrollierbarkeit von Sehnsüchten: Die Rolle der Big Five - Scheibe, Susanne; Hommelhoff, Sabine (7. Arbeitstagung der Fachgruppe Persönlichkeitspsychologie, 2003)

INTERLEUKIN-6 AND PLACENTAL CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE: THE ROLES OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXT - Kofman, Yasmin B.; Rohleder, Nicolas; Campos, Belinda; Yim, Ilona S. (PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE, 2019)
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-05-28

Interleukin-6, cortisol, and depressive symptoms in ovarian cancer patients - Lutgendorf, Susan; Weinrib, Aliza; Penedo, Frank; Russel, Daniel; DeGeest, Koen; Constanzo, Erin; Henderson, Patrick; Sephton, Sandra; Rohleder, Nicolas; Lucci, Jospeh; Cole, Steve; Sood, Anil K.; et al. (Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2008)

Interleukin-6 secretion upon acute psychosocial stress as a potential predictor of psychotherapy outcome in posttraumatic stress disorder - Rhein, Cosima; Hepp, Tobias; Kraus, Olga; von Majewski, Kristin; Lieb, Marietta; Rohleder, Nicolas; Erim, Yesim (Journal of Neural Transmission, 2021)
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe mental disorder that can develop after a traumatic event. PTSD has been reported to be associated with activation of the innate immune system, as measured by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. While it is well known that PTSD patients display increased levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) when compared with healthy controls, the relationship between cytokine secretion and treatment outcome has been hardly investigated yet. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association of inflammatory activation and therapy outcome in PTSD. Before therapeutic intervention, we applied the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) as a method to elicit psychosocial stress and an acute inflammatory response. IL-6 levels were measured in blood plasma of PTSD patients at different time points before and after the TSST. Severity of depressive, trauma-related, and somatic symptoms was assessed before and 8 weeks after trauma-focused treatment in a multimodal day clinic setting. We showed that high reactivity of IL-6 to psychosocial stress at the beginning of the therapy was associated with a negative therapy outcome in PTSD, especially regarding depressive symptoms. This study suggests plasma IL-6 reactivity as a potential molecular marker to predict treatment outcome in PTSD.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-05-28
Keywords: BDI-II; Interleukin 6; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Psychotherapy; Therapy outcome; Trier Social Stress Test

Interleukins, -1 (IL-1), -6 (IL-6), -18 (IL-18). - Rohleder, Nicolas (Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2012)

International perspectives and trends in research on giftedness and talent development - Stöger, Heidrun; Balestrini, Daniel Patrick; Ziegler, Albert (APA Handbook on giftedness and talent, 2016)

International perspectives on psychology and law - Lösel, Friedrich; Bender, Doris; Bliesener, Thomas (Psychology and law: International perspectives, 1992)

Internet- and App-Based Stress Intervention for Distance-Learning Students With Depressive Symptoms: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial - Harrer, Mathias; Apolinario-Hagen, Jennifer; Fritsche, Lara; Druege, Marie; Krings, Ludwig; Beck, Korinna; Salewski, Christel; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Lehr, Dirk; Baumeister, Harald; Ebert, David (Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2019)
Background: Mental disorders are highly prevalent among university students. Distance-learning students are particularly burdened and have limited access to conventional university health services. Interventions for stress are sought after in distance learners and may help increase treatment coverage. Internet-based interventions have been shown to be effective in preventing and treating depression, but it remains unclear if interventions directed at academic stress also have this potential.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-06-07

Internet and Computer-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Outcome Trials - Ebert, David; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Christensen, Helen; Stikkelbroek, Yvonne; Cuijpers, Pim; Berking, Matthias; Heleen, Riper (PLoS ONE, 2015)
Results provide evidence for the efficacy of cCBT in the treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms in youth. Hence, such interventions may be a promising treatment alternative when evidence based face-to-face treatment is not feasible. Future studies should examine long-term effects of treatments and should focus on obtaining patient-level data from existing studies, to perform an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Internet- and mobile-based approaches: Psycho-social diagnostics and treatment in medical rehabilitation - Baumeister, Harald; Lin, Jiaxi; Ebert, David (Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, 2017)
Technology-based approaches for psychosocial diagnostics and interventions provide an attractive opportunity to optimize medical rehabilitation. Based on an Internet- and mobile-based assessment of existing functional health impairments, appropriate planning, implementation of corresponding courses of action as well as outcome assessment can take place. This can be implemented in the form of Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI). The present article provides an overview of the basic knowledge of IMI and their evidence base both in general and in particular for their use in medical rehabilitation. Important aspects of internet and mobile-based psycho-social diagnostics are discussed subsequently. Finally, an outlook for the use of Internet- and mobile-based diagnostics and interventions in medical rehabilitation is give
Keywords: E-Health; Internet- and mobile-based interventions; Medical rehabilitation; Psychological interventions; Technology-based diagnostics

Internet- and mobile-based intervention for depression in adults with chronic back pain: A health economic evaluation - Paganini, Sarah; Terhorst, Yannik; Sander, Lasse Bosse; Lin, Jiaxi; Schlicker, Sandra; Ebert, David Daniel; Berking, Matthias; Riper, Heleen; Baumeister, Harald (Journal of Affective Disorders, 2022)
Background: Depression and comorbid chronic back pain (CBP) lead to high personal and economic burden. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI) might be a cost-effective adjunct to established interventions. Methods: A health economic evaluation was embedded into an observer-blinded, multicenter RCT (societal and health care perspective). We randomly assigned participants (≥18 years) with CBP and diagnosed depression from 82 orthopedic clinics across Germany to intervention (IG + treatment as usual [TAU]) or TAU control group (CG). The IG received a guided IMI. Primary outcomes were depression response and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) at 6-months follow-up. Multiple imputation was used to address missing data. Incremental cost-effectiveness/cost-utility ratios (ICER/ICUR) and the probability of being cost-effective at different willingness-to-pay thresholds were calculated. Statistical uncertainty was estimated using bootstrapping techniques (N = 10,000). Results: Between October 2015 and July 2017 210 participants were randomly assigned to IG (n = 105) and CG (n = 105). Depression response did not differ significantly between groups. QALYs were significantly higher in the IG compared to the CG. Taking the societal perspective and assuming a commonly used willingness-to-pay of €34,000/QALY, the intervention's likelihood of being cost-effective was 64%. Limitations: The main limitation is that the study was powered to detect clinical but not health economic differences between groups. Conclusion: The IMI is considered cost-effective (vs. CG) for individuals with depression and CBP (societal perspective). These results are promising when considering the high individual and economic burden of this patient group. Further research is needed to adequately inform political decision makers before implementation into routine care.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-07-01
Keywords: Chronic pain; Comorbidity; Cost-effectiveness; Cost-utility; Depressive disorder; E-Health

Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions for sexual dysfunctions: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Velten, Julia; Knauer, Johannes; Berking, Matthias; Ebert, David Daniel (npj Digital Medicine, 2022)
Sexual dysfunctions are highly prevalent and undertreated. Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions (IMIs) could be a promising addition to close this treatment gap, given their accessibility, anonymity, and scalability. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of IMIs for sexual dysfunctions. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in August 2021 on randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of IMIs on sexual functioning and satisfaction compared to a control condition. Twelve RCTs with 14 comparisons were reviewed with six IMIs targeting female and six IMIs targeting male sexual dysfunctions and n = 952 participants were evaluated in the meta-analysis. IMIs were significantly more effective than control conditions (k = 11 waitlist control group, k = 3 online discussion board) at post-treatment for female sexual functioning (g = 0.59, CI: 0.28-0.90, I-2 = 0%) and satisfaction (g = 0.90, CI: 0.02-1.79, I-2 = 82%), and male sexual functioning (g = 0.18, CI: 0.02-0.34, I-2 = 0%). No significant effect was found for male sexual satisfaction (g = 0.69, CI: -0.13-1.51, I-2 = 88%) with substantial heterogeneity in studies. Most studies showed high dropout, with ten studies indicating some concern of risk of bias, and two studies showing high risk of bias. The results suggest that IMIs can be an effective treatment for sexual dysfunctions, although additional high-quality research is needed. Given the limited availability of specialized treatment for sexual dysfunctions and individual preferences for discrete treatment options, IMIs seem to be a valuable addition to routine care, empowering individuals to promote their sexual health on a guided self-help basis.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-09-23

Internet- and mobile-based stress management for employees with adherence-focused guidance: efficacy and mechanism of change - Ebert, David; Lehr, Dirk; Heber, Elena; Riper, Heleen; Cuijpers, Pim; Berking, Matthias (Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, 2016)
Conclusion The iSMI investigated in this study was found to be effective in reducing typical symptoms of stress. However, several important work-related health symptoms were not significantly affected by the intervention. Internet-based guided self-help interventions could be an acceptable, effective approach to reduce a range of negative consequences associated with work-related stress. Future studies should investigate the comparative (cost-) effectiveness of guided and unguided stress management interventions.
Keywords: internet intervention; mental health; randomized controlled trial; RCT; work stress; internet intervention; mental health; randomized controlled trial; RCT; work stress

Internet- and mobile-based trauma-focused intervention for adolescents and young adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: a study protocol of a proof-of-concept feasibility study - Schulte, Christina; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Sachser, Cedric; Rosner, Rita; Ebert, David Daniel (European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2022)
Introduction: Although evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents and young adults exist, affected youth do not have sufficient access to these treatments due to structural and attitudinal barriers. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) can help fill this healthcare gap, but such programmes have not yet been sufficiently evaluated in youth with PTSD. Aim: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of an IMI for youth with PTSD in a one-arm, non-randomised, prospective proof-of-concept feasibility study. Methods: We aim to recruit 32 youth between 15 and 21 years old with clinically relevant posttraumatic stress symptoms (CATS ≥ 21), who will receive access to the IMI. The IMI consists of nine sessions involving psychoeducation, emotion regulation and coping skills, written-based imaginal exposure, cognitive restructuring and relapse prevention. Participants will be guided by an eCoach, who provides weekly semi-standardised written feedback on completed sessions and adherence reminders. We will use a formal feasibility framework to assess different dimensions of feasibility: (1) recruitment capability and resulting sample characteristics, (2) data collection procedures and outcome measures, (3) acceptability of the IMI and study procedures, (4) resources and ability to manage and implement the study and IMI and (5) participants’ responses to the IMI in terms of symptom severity and satisfaction. Additionally, potential negative effects related to the intervention will be assessed. Assessments take place pre-, mid- and post-intervention and at follow-up, including semi-structured clinical telephone interviews for PTSD diagnostics at pre- and post-intervention assessment. Qualitative interviews will be conducted to investigate the youth perspectives on the IMI. Discussion: This study aims to determine the feasibility of a guided IMI for youth with PTSD to adapt the IMI as closely as possible to youth needs and to inform the design, procedure and safety management of a large-scale efficacy RCT. Trial registration:German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00023341. HIGHLIGHTS: Evidence-based care for adolescents after trauma is not widely available.• This study evaluates the feasibility of a guided trauma-focused Internet intervention as a time- and location-independent low-threshold treatment option for adolescents and young adults with posttraumatic stress disorder.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-08-12
Keywords: adolescents and young adults; imaginal exposure; internet- and mobile-based intervention; posttraumatic stress disorder; Trauma; trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy; written-based exposure

Internet-based approaches in prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults - Wiencke, Carmen; Lehr, Dirk; Ebert, David; Sieland, Bernhard; Riper, Heleen; Berking, Matthias (Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 2014)
Epidemiological findings indicate that up to 18.5 % of the German adolescents suffer from depressive symptoms and that younger adults display the highest risk for relevant symptoms of depression (9.9 %) within the German adult population. Internet-based interventions have been shown to be useful for preventing and treating depression and are more easily disseminated in internet-savvy generations. Available programs are usually based on principles of cognitive behavioural therapy. They differ significantly with regard to target groups, structure, content, degree of guidance provided by online-coaches and evidence for their efficacy. Whereas some studies could not prove the use of the trainings there are others that show large effect sizes (up to d = 0.84) for the reduction of depressive symptoms. In Germany there are some online counseling programs for children and adolescents in (acute) crises available. However, at this point no structured intervention program for the treatment of depression exists. © Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen 2014.
Keywords: Adolescents; Depression; E-mental health; Guided self-help; Internet

Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: A Health Economic Evaluation - Thiart, Hanne; Ebert, David; Lehr, Dirk; Nobis, Stephanie; Buntrock, Claudia; Berking, Matthias; Smit, Filip; Riper, Heleen (Sleep, 2016)
Conclusions: Focusing on sleep improvement using iCBT-I may be a cost-effective strategy in occupational health care.
Keywords: cost-benefit; cost-effectiveness; employer perspective; insomnia; Internet; randomized controlled trial; self-help; cost-benefit; cost-effectiveness; employer perspective; insomnia; Internet; randomized controlled trial; self-help

Internet-Based Guided Self-Help for Vaginal Penetration Difficulties: Results of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial - Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Berking, Matthias; Fackiner, Christina; Rosenau, Christian; Ebert, David (Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2017)
Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial showed promising effects of an internet-based intervention by increasing participants' ability to have intercourse and non-intercourse penetration while experiencing high treatment satisfaction. The WCG also showed improvement, although participants had vaginismus for an average duration of 6 years. Internet-based interventions could be a treatment modality to complement other methods in stepped care for vaginal penetration difficulties. Copyright (C) 2017, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Vaginismus; Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder; Sexual Dysfunction Disorder; Female Sexual Functioning; Internet Intervention; Randomized Controlled Trial

Internet-Based Self-help Interventions for Depression in Routine Care. - Ebert, David; Baumeister, Harald (JAMA psychiatry, 2017)

Internet-Based Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Feasibility, Evaluation, and Self-Report Data - Schoenenberg, Katrin; Bosbach, Katharina; Baumeister, Harald; Küchler, Ann Marie; Hartmann, Andrea Sabrina; Harrer, Mathias; Ebert, David Daniel; Martin, Alexandra (Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 2023)
Initial findings indicate the effectiveness of internet-based interventions for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). In order to substantiate these findings, a seven-module guided internet-based intervention was created and examined. We report the mixed data of participants with clinical and subclinical BDD of the treatment group (n = 18). We investigated the feasibility, the quality of the program content, the design and usability, and its effects on symptom severity and related psychopathology. Adherence to the intervention was low and dropout rate high (55.6%). The program content, perceived website usability, and visual aesthetic were rated high. Credibility and expectancy were on a medium level. Satisfaction with appearance improved significantly in the intention-to-treat analysis (d = 0.58). In sum, symptom-related outcomes and program evaluation showed a positive trend albeit the study conduction was difficult. Future programs should investigate the role of additional motivation strategies and more flexible support addressing the known treatment barriers.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-09-22
Keywords: Body dysmorphic disorder; internet-based interventions; treatment barriers

Internet interventions for mental health in university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. - Harrer, Mathias; Adam, Sophia; Baumeister, Harald; Cuijpers, Pim; Karyotaki, Eirini; Auerbach, Randy P.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Berking, Matthias; Ebert, David D. (International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2018)
Mental health disorders are highly prevalent among university students. Universities could be an optimal setting to provide evidence-based care through the Internet. As part of the World Mental Health International College Student initiative, this systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes data on the efficacy of Internet-based interventions for university students' mental health. A systematic literature search of bibliographical databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO) for randomized trials examining psychological interventions for the mental health (depression, anxiety, stress, sleep problems, and eating disorder symptoms), well-being, and functioning of university students was performed through April 30, 2018. Forty-eight studies were included. Twenty-three studies (48%) were rated to have low risk of bias. Small intervention effects were found on depression (g = 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.08, 0.27]), anxiety (g = 0.27, 95% CI [0.13, 0.40]), and stress (g = 0.20, 95% CI [0.02, 0.38]). Moderate effects were found on eating disorder symptoms (g = 0.52, 95% CI [0.22-0.83]) and role functioning (g = 0.41, 95% CI [0.26, 0.56]). Effects on well-being were non-significant (g = 0.15, 95% CI [-0.20, 0.50]). Heterogeneity was moderate to substantial in many analyses. After adjusting for publication bias, effects on anxiety were not significant anymore. Internet interventions for university students' mental health can have significant small-to-moderate effects on a range of conditions. However, more research is needed to determine student subsets for which Internet-based interventions are most effective and to explore ways to increase treatment effectiveness. OBJECTIVES METHOD RESULTS DISCUSSION

Internet und mobilbasierte Interventionen in der Psychotherapie: Ein Überblick - Ebert, David; Baumeister, Harald (Psychotherapeutenjournal, 2016)

Internet- und Mobilebasierte Interventionen bei psychischen Störungen - Paganini, Sarah; Lin, Jiaxi; Ebert, David; Baumeister, Harald (NeuroTransmitter, 2016)

Internet- und mobilebasierte Psychotherapie der Depression - Sander, Lasse; Ebert, David; Baumeister, Harald (Fortschritte der Neurologie - Psychiatrie, 2017)
Guided Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) are an effective and scientifically sound treatment option for depression. Meta-analyses revealed effect sizes comparable to those found for face-to-face treatment as well as pharmacotherapy. Today, most IMIs are based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). While IMIs are well established in healthcare systems of many countries worldwide, Germany is still lagging behind. However, there are an increasing number of model projects trying to implement IMIs into routine healthcare for depression in Germany. Both, service providers and recipients would benefit from transparent quality assurance and data safety guidelines.

Internet- und mobilisierte Interventionen zur Präventionen Behandlung psychischer Störungen - Ebert, David; Zarski, Anna-Carlotta; Berking, Matthias; Baumeister, Harald (eHealth in Deutschland, 2016)

Interpersonal Neural Synchrony During Father–Child Problem Solving: An fNIRS Hyperscanning Study - Nguyen, Trinh; Schleihauf, Hanna; Kungl, Melanie; Kayhan, Ezgi; Hoehl, Stefanie; Vrtička, Pascal (Child Development, 2021)
Interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) has been previously evidenced in mother–child interactions, yet findings concerning father–child interaction are wanting. The current experiment examined whether fathers and their 5- to 6-year-old children (N = 66) synchronize their brain activity during a naturalistic interaction, and addressed paternal and child factors related to INS. Compared to individual problem solving and rest, father–child dyads showed increased INS in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left temporo-parietal junction during cooperative problem solving. Furthermore, the father’s attitude toward his role as a parent was positively related to INS during the cooperation condition. These results highlight the implication of the father’s attitude to parenting in INS processes for the first time.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-01-22

Interrelations between participant and intervention characteristics, process variables and outcomes in online interventions: A protocol for overarching analyses within and across seven clinical trials in ICare - Beintner, Ina; Goerlich, Dennis; Berger, Thomas; Ebert, David; Zeiler, Michael; Camarano, Rocio Herrero; Waldherr, Karin; Jacobi, Corinna (Internet Interventions, 2019)
Background: It is well known that web-based interventions can be effective treatments for various conditions. Less is known about predictors, moderators, and mediators of outcome and especially interrelations between participant and interventions characteristics, process variables and outcomes in online interventions. Clinical trials often lack statistical power to detect variables that affect intervention effects and their interrelations. Within ICare, we can investigate the interrelation of potential predictor and process variables in a large sample.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-03-15

Interviewtechnik zur Erfassung von Bindungsstörungen. - Kliewer, Josephine; Bovenschen, Ina; Roland, I.; Lang, Katrin; Spangler, Gottfried; Nowacki, Katja (Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 2015)

Introduction and Discussion of New Tools for Stress Assessment: Approaches and Tools to Assess Stress Exposure, Stress Reaction and Experience, and Coping With Stress - Sturmbauer, Sarah (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2022)
Modern science understands stress as a complex process, and various aspects thereof have been associated with poor health. However, defining the term still is difficult and available stress assessment tools rely on different conceptualizations and target various aspects of stress. The aim of this dissertation is to clarify stress assessment components; thereby, the focus lies on three gaps in stress assessment. The empirical studies summarized in this thesis aim at closing these gaps by 1) Offering a new life stress assessment tool, 2) Discussing a new multi-modal approach to assess a laboratory stressful task, and 3) Presenting a new developed stimulus-response inventory to assess coping. Study one presents the German version of the ‘Stress and Adversity Inventory’ for adults to assess life stress exposure (Sturmbauer, Shields, et al., 2019). Study two presents an adapted real-life situation as an example for a new stress assessment protocol to experimentally induce arousal by investigating simulated medical consultations (Sturmbauer et al., 2022). Study three presents the ‘Coping Inventory for Medical Situations’ as a new tool to assess cognitive avoidant and vigilant coping addressed for researchers and clinicians working with patients in medical care (Sturmbauer, Hock, et al., 2019). Consequently, the three empirical studies are integrated into current research and matched with a published stress typology for precise stress assessment. Finally, future directions will emphasize the future applicability of the presented tools and conclude this thesis.
Keywords: Stress Assessment; Stress Measurement

Introduction - Schultheiss, Oliver; Brunstein, Joachim (Implicit motives, 2010)

Introduction to the special issue: The WHO World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative - Cuijpers, Pim; Auerbach, Randy P.; Benjet, Corina; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Ebert, David; Karyotaki, Eirini; Kessler, Ronald C. (International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2019)
Most mental disorders have their first onset in early adulthood. Epidemiological research, as well as research on preventive and early interventions, is therefore very important. This thematic issue focuses on one of the first systematic attempts to develop such services for college students. The WHO World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative is based on the largest and continuously growing epidemiological dataset ever collected in college students. Based on these results, the initiative has now started to implement internet-based interventions for common mental disorders and emotional problems. In this special issue, a general paper about the initiative is presented, as well as a paper on the implementation of the WMH-ICS initiative in low and middle income countries. It also includes several papers with core epidemiological results of the initiative, a meta-analysis of internet-based interventions for mental health problems in college students and the first results of trials conducted as part of the initiative. Taken together, the papers in this special issue show that WMH-ICS is on its way to becoming a major initiative in addressing the problem of unmet need for treatment of mental health problems among college students.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-05-02
Keywords: affective disorders; depression; effectiveness research; prevention; psychotherapy

Investigating the familiarity effect in texture segmentation by means of event-related brain potentials - Becker, Linda; Smith, Daniel T.; Schenk, Thomas (Vision research, 2017)
The familiarity effect (FE) refers to the phenomenon that it is easier to find an unfamiliar element on a background of familiar elements than vice versa. In this study, we examined the FE in texture segmentation while recording event-related brain potentials with the aim to find out which processing stages were influenced by familiarity. In two experiments, with different levels of texture homogeneity, the N1, the N2p, and the P3 components were investigated. It was found that the FE in texture segmentation is associated with a modulation of the early N1 and of the intermediate N2p component for homogeneous textures. For inhomogeneous (jittered) textures, the FE was found for the intermediate N2p and for the late P3 components, but not for the N1 component. Our findings suggest that increasing texture inhomogeneity shifts the FE occurrence to later processing stages.
Keywords: Familiarity Effect; texture segmentation; event-related brain potentials; N1; N2p; P3

Investigating the Persuasive Effects of Testimonials on the Acceptance of Digital Stress Management Trainings Among University Students and Underlying Mechanisms: A Randomized Controlled Trial - Apolinário-Hagen, Jennifer; Fritsche, Lara; Wopperer, Jeannette; Wals, Frank; Harrer, Mathias; Lehr, Dirk; Ebert, David D.; Salewski, Christel (Frontiers in Psychology, 2021)
Objective: This experiment aims to investigate the influence of narrative information varying in the degree of perceived similarity and source credibility in supplemented testimonials on the acceptance of digital mental health services (digi-MHSs). Methods: In fall 2020, n=231 university students were randomly assigned to an active control group (aCG, n=55, “information only”) or one of three intervention groups (IGs) receiving information plus different testimonials being presented either by nonacademic staff (IG1, n=60), university students (IG2, n=58) or experts (IG3, n=58). We assessed mediation effects of similarity and credibility on acceptance in terms of attitudes and usage intentions. Results: Exposure to testimonials was associated with higher usage intentions (d=0.50) and more positive attitudes toward digi-MHSs (d=0.32) compared to mere information (aCG). Regarding source-related effects, one-way ANOVA showed group differences in intentions ((Formula presented.) =0.13) that were significantly higher after exposure to testimonials targeted at students than in the other groups after adjusting for baseline intentions ((Formula presented.) =0.24). Concerning underlying mechanisms, there were full mediation effects of similarity (IG1 versus IG2) on attitudes [95%CI (0.030, 0.441)] and intentions to use digi-MHSs [95%CI (0.100, 0.528)] and of credibility on attitudes [IG2 versus IG3; 95%CI (−0.217, −0.004)], all favoring students’ testimonials. Conclusion: Overall, this study indicates that the acceptance of digi-MHSs can be substantially increased by providing a simple, context-sensitive information intervention, including testimonials by university students. Since we identified mediating effects of credibility on cognitive attitudes and similarity on affect-driven intentions, a future trial could vary these features using narrative versus statistic information on digi-MHSs.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-11-12
Keywords: attitude; eHealth; intention; mental health; personal narratives; stress; students

Investigation of Relation between Physiological Responses and Personality during Stress Recovery - Saha, Bitan; Becker, Linda; Garbas, Jens Uwe; Oppelt, Maximilian; Foltyn, Andreas; Hettenkofer, Sebastian; Lang, Nadine; Struck, Matthias; Rohleder, Nicolas; Mahesh, Bhargavi (2021 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events, PerCom Workshops 2021, 2021)
Stress is seen as an individual's reaction to external circumstances that are perceived as a threat. Reactions to stress are highly subjective in nature, depending upon numerous individualistic factors. The study of stress recovery and associated coping efforts can help mitigate adverse health effects. Therefore, understanding the interplay of psychological and physiological manifestations of stress in modeling the stress recovery patterns is of high importance. Previous studies have indicated an association between personality traits and physiological responses. However, definitive evidence for this association is lacking. This work attempts to investigate the correlation between personality traits, such as neuroticism and extraversion, and physiological responses such as electrocardiogram and salivary cortisol responses, to the Trier Social Stress Test. Gaussian mixture modeling technique is employed to automatically cluster individuals based on their personality traits and electrocardiogram responses. Simultaneously, individuals are classified based on changes in salivary cortisol levels. Resulting clusters are labelled based on the literature on stress recovery. The relationships between personality and physiology groups are investigated. Reduced stress recovery observed via salivary cortisol responses is associated with higher neuroticism and lower extraversion, as well as attenuated electrocardiogram recovery responses. Higher cortisol reactivity during stress is found to be positively associated with higher cortisol recovery. Therefore, the study implies that consideration of personality traits is likely to aid stress detection and recovery models.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-06-18
Keywords: clustering; extraversion; Gaussian mixture model; heart rate variability; neuroticism; personality; Physiological stress recovery; salivary cortisol; Trier Social Stress Test

Invisible Flashes Alter Perceived Sound Location - Delong, Patrycja; Aller, Mate; Giani, Annette S.; Conrad, Verena; Rohe, Tim; Watanabe, Masataka; Noppeney, Uta (Scientific Reports, 2018)
Information integration across the senses is fundamental for effective interactions with our environment. The extent to which signals from different senses can interact in the absence of awareness is controversial. Combining the spatial ventriloquist illusion and dynamic continuous flash suppression (dCFS), we investigated in a series of two experiments whether visual signals that observers do not consciously perceive can influence spatial perception of sounds. Importantly, dCFS obliterated visual awareness only on a fraction of trials allowing us to compare spatial ventriloquism for physically identical flashes that were judged as visible or invisible. Our results show a stronger ventriloquist effect for visible than invisible flashes. Critically, a robust ventriloquist effect emerged also for invisible flashes even when participants were at chance when locating the flash. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that signals that we are not aware of in one sensory modality can alter spatial perception of signals in another sensory modalit

Is higher inequality less legitimate? Depends on How You Frame it! - Bruckmüller, Susanne; Reese, G; Martiny, S.E. (British journal of social psychology, 2017)
Economic inequality is increasing both globally and in various countries around the world, and such inequality has been linked to worsening health, well-being, and social cohesion. A key predictor for whether people take action against inequality is the extent to which they perceive it as illegitimate. We investigate how two variables jointly predict the legitimization of inequality, namely the perceived magnitude of differences in economic outcomes and the way these differences are described. Two experiments (total N=190) tested whether framing the same difference in outcomes as an advantaged group having more or as a disadvantaged group having less moderates whether higher inequality is perceived as less legitimate. Participants perceived bigger differences as less legitimate when these differences were framed as the disadvantaged group having less. When they were framed as the advantaged group having more, the perceived magnitude of differences and legitimacy beliefs were unrelated. Together, this research highlights the importance of language for how people perceive and respond to inequality.
Keywords: comparison; framing; income inequality; economic inequality; social justice

Is it really always only the others who are to blame? GP’s view on medical overuse. A questionnaire study - Pausch, Maximilian; Schedlbauer, Angela; Weiss, Maren; Kühlein, Thomas; Hueber, Susann (PLoS ONE, 2020)

Is self-leadership energizing or depleting? An experimental study manipulating self-leadership and task complexity - Müller, Teresa; Niessen, Cornelia (79th Annual Academy of Management Conference, 2019)

Is the transition to formal leadership caused by trait extraversion? A counterfactual hazard analysis using two large panel datasets - Spark, Andrew; O'Connor, Peter J.; Jimmieson, Nerina L.; Niessen, Cornelia (The Leadership Quarterly, 2021)
Extraversion is a consistent predictor of informal leader emergence, however little is known about extraversion's causal effect in terms of predicting the transition to formal leadership. Using two large household samples from Germany (Study 1, n1 = 6,709) and Australia (Study 2, n2 = 6,056), we test whether trait extraversion predicts the transition of employed persons into formal leadership positions. Using survival analysis with Cox proportional hazards regression within a non-linear generalised additive modelling (GAM) framework, we modelled the relationship between extraversion and the ‘hazard’ of transitioning into a formal leadership role. After controlling for sex, height, age, education and the other big five traits, we found that extraversion consistently predicted the hazard of transitioning into a formal leadership role over time. Given the importance of leadership to life outcomes, being more likely to transition into a formal leadership role may afford extraverts with considerable cumulative benefits over their career.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-10-01
Keywords: Cox regression; Emergent leadership; Extraversion; Personality; Survival analysis

Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis of the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test - Stemmler, Mark; Keller, Ferdinand; Fasan, Raphaela (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2019)
In this article, the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test (SKT = Syndrom Kurztest; Erzigkeit, 2001) was tested with models of IRT. Here, the SKT test functions as an example on how IRT- analyses with any cognitive test, which results in a summary score, can be applied. The SKT was newly scaled in 2015 (Stemmler, Lehfeld & Horn, 2015) using a regression-based continuous norming approach (Crawford & Garthwaite, 2006) while leaving the testing material unchanged. The data were from a sample of 811 older adults ( x  73.3 years; SD=7.2) assessed at multiple testing sites in Germany. The sample consisted of cognitively healthy older adults (n =250), of older adults suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n=290) as well as adults suffering from dementia (n=271). Analyses to check the psychometric validity of the SKT encompass the Partial Credit Model (PCM), the Graded Response Model (GRM) and Multidimensional Response Models (MRM). The strict assumptions of the one parametric Rasch model with regard to specific objectivity were not met. The two parametric GRM provided a better goodness-of-fit. A two-dimensional GRM revealed that the subtests assessing Memory and those assessing Attention can be distinguished as two separate dimensions. However, the use of a total score seems still valid, but, next to a careful inspection of the total score the scores for Memory and Attention should be taken into account and considered separately.

"I want to be assertive and to appear moral“: The relative centrality of agency versus communion in self concept. - Hauke, Nicole (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2017)

I will stay but I should go: The moderating role of cognitive job crafting in the relationship between turnover intentions, affect and job performance. - Weseler, Daniela; Hommelhoff, Sabine; Mäder, Inge; Niessen, Cornelia (Presentation at the 18th congress of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology, Dublin, Ireland., 2017)

Jenseits von Mozart - eine Pilotstudie zu Determinanten der musikalischen Praxis während der Grundschulzeit - Kröner, Stephan; Schwanzer, Andrea; Dickhäuser, Oliver (Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 2009)

Jugenddelinquenz - Lösel, Friedrich; Bender, Doris (Klinische Psychologie, Bd. 6: Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter, 2005)

Jugendliche Gewaltdelinquenz, psychosoziale Merkmale und Migrationsstatus - Wallner, Susanne; Stemmler, Mark (Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 2014)
Im Rahmen der Längsschnittstudie „Chancen und Risiken im Lebensverlauf“ wird die Entstehung devianten und delinquenten Verhaltens untersucht. Die Datengrundlage der vorliegenden Arbeit bilden die Selbstberichte von männlichen Neuntklässlern aus Dortmunder und Nürnberger Schulen (n  = 726). Ausgewertet wurden insbesondere die Angaben zur Täterschaft im letzten Jahr, die u. a. Dunkelfelddaten zu Gewaltdelikten umfassen. Die Täterindizes zu Gewaltkriminalität wurden unter Berücksichtigung der Schulart und des Migrationsstatus mit psychosozialen Merkmalen (z. B. gewaltakzeptierenden Einstellungen, egozentrischen Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen, erlebter körperlicher Bestrafung in der Erziehung) in Beziehung gesetzt, die aus entwicklungspsychopathologischer Sicht zu Jugenddelinquenz und Gewalt beitragen können. Insgesamt legen die empirischen Befunde nahe, dass Jugendliche mit Migrationshintergrund im Vergleich zu Jugendlichen ohne Migrationshintergrund signifikant höhere Werte in Bezug auf Gewalt- und Peer-Delinquenz aufweisen. Die Unterschiede zwischen Gewalttätern und Nichtgewalttätern bzw. Jugendlichen mit Migrationsstatus und Jugendlichen ohne Migrationsstatus gehen z. T. auf verschiedene Ausprägungen psychosozialer Merkmale zurück. Zusätzliche relativierende Ergebnisse zu schulartspezifischen Auswertungen ergänzen die Darstellung. Einschränkungen der vorliegenden Arbeit werden erörtert, und Implikationen für zukünftige Forschungsarbeiten zu Jugendgewalt werden vor dem Hintergrund möglicher Ansätze der Gewaltprävention und -intervention diskutiert.
Keywords: Jugenddelinquenz; Gewalt; Schülerbefragung; Migrationsstatus

Jugend und Gesundheit - Bender, Doris; Lösel, Friedrich (Gesundheitspsychologie, 1991)

"Jump in at the deep end" : simulator-based learning in acute care - Breuer, Georg; Schweizer, K.; Schüttler, Jürgen; Weiß, Marina; Vladut, Anamaria (Anaesthesist, 2014)
With high-fidelity simulators in a modern blended learning setting, students are able to acquire knowledge and practical skills in acute medicine in realistic scenarios. However, it has not yet been clarified if the sequence of linking between knowledge and simulator-based training of practical skills plays an important role for increasing knowledge, for the self-concept and learning emotions of trainees.In a pilot study the influence of the type of knowledge acquisition under two independent conditions was investigated in which the order of presenting the learning material (firstly theory and then simulation vs. simulation elements before the theory) was reversed. In addition the influence of individual attributes of personality on the construction of situated knowledge was correlated with these conditions in two groups.To investigate the outcome of simulator-based learning 20 students were randomly allocated to one of the two conditions and undertook two scenarios (anaphylactic shock and myocardial infarction), whereby the theoretical lessons were given either before or after the scenarios. Using standardized questionnaires and problem-centered semi-standardized interviews, the following variables of the participants were assessed: personality traits, current positive and negative feelings, professional self-concept, general self-efficacy and coping strategies for stress. Theoretical knowledge and practical skills were assessed using a knowledge test and standardized assessment questionnaires which also focused on performance and patient safety.All together the results showed a slight advantage for the condition of theory before simulation which was not determined by the acquisition of knowledge but by a better performance of trainees as assessed by the trainers. Regarding knowledge acquisition, no statistically significant differences could be shown. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for negative feelings (very intense negative emotional state) and for the professional self-concept (perception of own professional skills) in favor of the theory then simulation condition. More extrovert participants showed poorer results which could not be attributed to one of the conditions. However, the participants always assessed the allocated learning condition as the best premise for effective learning outcome. Reaction to stress has been described as "jumping in at the deep end" as well as the lasting effect on learning from errors.In the context of simulation-based teaching, the learning outcome not only depends on knowledge, practical skills and motivational variables but also on the presence of negative feelings, ability self-concepts and various personality traits. There was a trend which showed that simulation in the field of anesthesiology and emergency medicine should be set up with the theoretical basis first in order to avoid negative feelings.
EVALuna2:16633

Kann Therapie Rückfälle verhindern? Metaanalytische Befunde zur Wirksamkeit der Sexualstraftäterbehandlung - Schmucker, Martin (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2004)
Keywords: Sexualstraftäter; Therapie; Evaluation; Metaanalyse

Kapitale in der Musik - Straßer, Sabrina; Groß, Carolin; Pfeiffer, Wolfgang; Ziegler, Albert (Journal für Begabtenförderung, 2013)

Key issues in professionalizing mentoring practices - Stoeger, Heidrun; Balestrini, Daniel Patrick; Ziegler, Albert (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2020)
Mentoring has experienced a tremendous upswing over the past decades, which has only recently slowed down somewhat. One possible factor explaining mentoring's popularity are numerous case studies suggesting that it is one of the most effective ways of helping individuals to develop. Meta-analyses indicating effect sizes for mentoring that are below what would theoretically be possible appear to contradict the success stories, however. This circumstance raises questions about the professionalization of mentoring practices. We focus on seven key issues for future efforts at professionalizing mentoring. Key issues 1 and 2 address observation of the state of the art within formal mentoring when programs are planned and implemented: the consideration of recent research and of best practices. While both areas can overlap, they provide complementary sources of pertinent information for the professionalization of mentoring. Key issues 3-6 address the need to align mentoring activities to the specific context and goals of individual mentoring programs by observing idiographic program characteristics, mentoring dynamics, the orchestration of mentoring goals, and the provision of mentoring resources. Finally, key issue 7 highlights ongoing evaluation as the basis of the effective, continuous improvement of mentoring programs.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2020-12-18

Kleinkindalter (2. bis 4. Lebensjahr) - Spangler, Gottfried; Schwarzer, Gudrun (Enzyklopädie Psychologie, 2008)

Klinische und psychosoziale Charakteristika bei Suchtpatienten mit und ohne PTBS. - Hildebrand, Anja; Vollmer, Heinz; Domma-Reichart, Julia (Sucht, 2017)

Kodierung impliziter Motive in audiovisuellem Material – Erstellung von Übungs- und Kalibrierungsmaterial zur Coder-Zertifizierung und Vorstellung des MovieMotiveCoders [Coding implicit motives in audiovisual material – Constructing practice and calibration materials for coder certification and presentation of the MovieMotiveCoder] - Walther, Carola; Köllner, Martin (36th Colloquium on Motivational Psychology, 2016)

Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie der Angststörungen - Heinig, Ingmar; Pittig, Andre; Hoyer, Juergen (Angst: Medizin. Psychologie. Gesellschaft, 2018)

Kohärenzsinn und andere Persönlichkeitsmerkmale als protektive Faktoren der Ehequalität - Bender, Doris; Lösel, Friedrich (Sozialpsychologie der Partnerschaft, 2003)

Kommentare zu Bruder et al. (2014). Ein national gefördertes Onlinelabor als Infrastruktur für die psychologische Forschung. Stellungnahme zum Beitrag "Ein national gefördertes Onlinelabor als Infrastruktur für die psychologische Forschung" - Abele-Brehm, Andrea (Psychologische Rundschau, 2014)
In einem Kommentar zum Beitrag von M. Bruder et al. zur Einrichtung eines Onlinelabors für psychologische Forschung (im gleichen Heft) wird begrüßt, dass über Forschungsinfrastruktur für die Psychologie diskutiert wird. Es wird empfohlen, die Argumente für ein Onlinelabor noch zu konkretisieren, um die Vor- und Nachteile genauer abschätzen zu können. Der Bedarf, die von den Autoren genannten Komponenten im Rahmen eines national geförderten Onlineportals anzubieten, wird in Zweifel gezogen, da sie bereits existieren. Zudem werden konkretere Angaben zu den erwartbaren Kosten für die Endnutzer gewünscht. Die Ergebnisse einer von den Autoren initiierten Befragung bezüglich einer potentiellen Inanspruchnahme eines nationalen Onlinelabors werden mit Interesse erwartet.

Kommerzielle Persönlichkeitstests in der Unternehmenspraxis: Eine Interviewstudie über wahrgenommene Möglichkeiten und Grenzen - Memmel, Mariko; Hommelhoff, Sabine (DGPs 2022, 2022)

Kompetenzen zum selbstregulierten Lernen im Studium: Ergebnisse der Befragung von Expert(inn)en aus vier Studienbereichen - Steuer, G; Engelschalk, Tobias; Jöstl, Gregor; Roth, A; Wimmer, Bastian; Schmitz, Björn; Schober, B; Spiel, Christiane; Ziegler, Albert; Dresel, M. (Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 2015)

Kompetenztestung bei Grundschulkindern: Differenzielle Effekte unterschiedlicher Testbedingungen - Lockl, Kathrin; Händel, Marion; Artelt, Cordula (Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 2018)

Kompetenztestung bei Schülern und Schülerinnen mit Förderschwerpunkt Lernen – Effekte unterschiedlicher Testbedingungen am Beispiel eines Tests zum metakognitiven Wissen - Händel, Marion; Lockl, Kathrin; Heydrich, Jana; Weinert, Sabine; Artelt, Cordula (Inklusion von Schülerinnen und Schülern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf in Schulleistungserhebungen, 2015)

Konfigurale Auswertung von Daten aus Prätest-Posttest Kontrollgruppen Designs - Stemmler, Mark; Masendorf, Friedrich (Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 1998)
Examines methods of configural frequency analysis (CFA) for treatment evaluation in multivariate pretest–posttest designs. Three CFA methods are proposed: prediction CFA, interaction CFA and generalized unary hypothesis analysis. These methods are compared and evaluated. Data from a prior experiment are used to assess the effect of training methods on calculation and learning methods in learning disabled children using CFA methods. The effect on pretest–posttest designs are assessed using numerical analysis.
Keywords: Experimental Design; Multivariate Analysis; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation; Methodology; Pretesting

Konfigurationen und Latente Klassen aus PISA Kompetenzen und dem „Migrationshintergrund“ mit Kovariaten - Heine, Jörg-Henrik; Stemmler, Mark (Klassifikationsanalysen in Theorie und Praxis – Jubiläumsband 25 Jahre AKA-Rothenberge, 2021)
Keywords: Konfigurationsfrequenzanalyse (KFA); Latente Klassenanalyse

Können Gedächtnisinhalte frühe visuelle Wahrnehmungsprozesse beeinflussen? - Untersuchung des Familiarity-Effekts mit ereigniskorrelierten Potentialen - Becker, Linda (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2016)
Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob Gedächtnisinhalte frühe visuelle Wahrnehmungsprozesse beeinflussen können. Um diese zu beantworten, wurde der Familiarity-Effekt (FE) mit ereigniskorrelierten Potentialen (EKPs) untersucht. Der FE (z. B. Frith, 1974; Wolfe, 2001) beschreibt das Phänomen, dass etwas Unvertrautes in einem Hintergrund von etwas Vertrautem schneller und mit weniger Fehlern entdeckt werden kann als etwas Vertrautes in einem Hintergrund von etwas Unvertrautem. In sechs Experimenten, die sich in der Art des verwendeten Stimulusmaterials unterschieden, wurde untersucht, zu welchem Zeitpunkt sich der FE (zuerst) manifestiert. Hierzu wurden Elektroenzephalogramme abgeleitet und für drei EKP-Komponenten (die N1, die posteriore N2 und die P3), die zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten während des Wahrnehmungsprozesses auftreten, untersucht, in welcher Komponente sich der FE manifestiert. In den Experimenten 1 und 2 wurde – in Anlehnung an Meinecke und Meisel (2014) – der FE in Textursegmentierungsaufgaben untersucht. Dabei handelte es sich bei den für die Versuchspersonen vertrauten Stimuluselementen um Gruppen des Buchstabens N und bei den unvertrauten Stimuluselementen um Gruppen des gespiegelten Ns (Иs). In Experiment 1, in dem homogene Texturen mit konstantem Abstand zwischen den Stimuluselementen verwendet wurden, manifestierte sich der FE ausschließlich im Bereich der N2p und damit im Grenzbereich zwischen Bottom-up- und Top-down-Verarbeitungsprozessen. In Experiment 2, in welchem inhomogene Texturen verwendet wurden, konnte darüber hinaus ein Effekt im späten Bereich der P3 und damit ein typischer Top-down-Effekt gefunden werden. In den Experimenten 3 bis 6 wurden – in Anlehnung Frith (1974) sowie Meinecke und Meisel (2014) – die Stimuluselemente zeilenförmig angeordnet. In den Experimenten 3 und 4 wurden – in Anlehnung Frith (1974) sowie Meinecke und Meisel (2014) – die Stimuluselemente zeilenförmig angeordnet, und als vertraute Elemente As und als unvertraute Elemente um 180° rotierte As verwendet. Der Buchstabe A wurde ausgewählt, da er im Gegensatz zu dem in den Experimenten 1 und 2 verwendeten Buchstaben N kein Primärmerkmal enthält. In den Experimenten 3 und 4 wurde der FE für alle drei EKPs und damit sowohl im frühen, im mittleren als auch im späten Zeitbereich des Wahrnehmungsprozesses gefunden. Allerdings zeigte sich der FE im Zeitbereich der N1 nur für Targetpositionen am Rand der Fovea und weiter in der Peripherie. Es konnte daher in den Experimenten 3 und 4 gezeigt werden, dass sich der FE unter spezifischen Voraussetzungen (Verwendung von Buchstabenzeilen mit Buchstaben, die kein Primärmerkmal enthalten und Targetdarbietung außerhalb der zentralen Fovea) schon während der ersten Stufe des Informationsverarbeitungsprozesses manifestieren kann. In Experiment 5 wurde untersucht, ob sich der FE zu einem anderen Zeitpunkt manifestiert, wenn in den Stimuluselementen Primärmerkmale enthalten sind. Daher wurden als Stimuluselemente erneut Ns und Иs verwendet, diese wurden aber im Gegensatz zu den Experimenten 1 und 2 zeilenförmig angeordnet. Der Unterschied zwischen beiden Buchstaben besteht in der Orientierung der Diagonalen und damit in der Ausprägung auf einer Primärdimension (für das Primärmerkmal Orientierung). In Experiment 5 manifestierte sich der FE zuerst im Zeitbereich der N2p sowie zusätzlich im Zeitbereich der P3 und damit später als in den Experimenten 3 und 4, in denen die Stimuluselemente kein Primärmerkmal enthielten. In Experiment 6 wurde der FE für Achtelnoten und um 180° rotierte Achtelnoten untersucht, welche symbolartige und seltenere Stimuluselemente als Buchstaben darstellen. Für diese manifestierte sich der FE – wie für den Buchstaben A sowohl im Bereich der N1, der N2p und der P3. Der Effekt im Zeitbereich der N1 konnte wie für den Buchstaben A nur für Targetdarbietungen am Rand der Fovea gefunden werden. Die Erfahrung mit Notenmaterial beziehungsweise mit Achtelnotensymbolen hatte keinen Einfluss auf die Stärke des FEs. Es konnte daher in Experiment 6 gezeigt werden, dass sich der FE auch bei Verwendung von Symbolen schon während der ersten Stufe des Wahrnehmungsprozesses manifestieren kann. Als Gesamtergebnis wird geschlussfolgert, dass der FE unter spezifischen Voraussetzungen (hochüberlernte Stimuluselemente wie Buchstaben oder Symbole ohne Primärmerkmale) schon früh im Wahrnehmungsprozess auftreten kann und daher bereits die frühe visuelle Informationsverarbeitung von Gedächtnisinhalten beeinflusst werden kann.
Keywords: Familiarity-Effekt; EEG; ERP; N1; N2p; P3; Textursegmentierung; Gedächtnis; visuelle Wahrnehmung

Kontextorientiertes Lernen biologischer Fachinhalte - Händel, Marion; Sandmann, Angela (Biologiedidaktische Forschung: Schwerpunkte und Forschungsstände, 2016)

Kontextorientiertes Lernen und Concept Mapping im Fach Biologie. Eine experimentelle Untersuchung zum Einfluss auf Interesse und Leistung unter Berücksichtigung von Moderationseffekten individueller Voraussetzungen beim kooperativen Lernen - Händel, Marion (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2009)

Konzepte der Hochbegabtenberatung in der Praxis - Ziegler, Albert; Grassinger, Robert; Harder, Bettina (LIT, 2012)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-02:Pub.2012.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.konzep_5

Konzepte der Hochbegabtenberatung in der Praxis - Ziegler, Albert; Grassinger, Robert; Harder, Bettina (Lit, 2012)

Konzepte der Hochbegabungsberatung in der Praxis - Ziegler, Albert; Grassinger, Robert; Harder, Bettina (LIT, 2012)
UnivIS-Import:2017-07-10:Pub.2012.phil.dps.ipsy1.lpsych_2.dasber

Kooperatives Concept Mapping in Biologie: Effekte auf den Wissenserwerb und die Behaltensleistung - Händel, Marion; Sandmann, Angela (Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Naturwissenschaften, 2009)

Koordination der Forschung an Hochschulambulanzen für Psychotherapie - Hoyer, Juergen; Velten, Julia; Benecke, Cord; Berking, Matthias; Heinrichs, Nina; In-Albon, Tina; Lincoln, Tania; Lutz, Wolfgang; Schlarb, Angelika; Schoettke, Henning; Willutzki, Ulrike; Margraf, Juergen (Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 2015)
Background: Outpatient university clinics for psychotherapy (as they have been established in accordance with the German psychotherapy law of 1999) are important facilitators of psychotherapy research. These clinics gather a considerable amount of data on therapy outcome as well as on patient and therapist characteristics. Setting up closer research cooperation between clinics offers the opportunity to systematically analyze and evaluate data. Objective: To present the results of a survey that assessed the most relevant features of outpatient university clinics in Germany. Based on our results, we propose recommendations for an improved integration of the data. Method: We identified and contacted N = 53 outpatient university clinics in Germany. The clinics received a questionnaire that assessed the number of patients treated per year, the instruments used for clinical psychological assessment, and the measurements for general psychological distress and disorder-specific symptoms. Results: The response rate was 100%. Overall, about 10,000 new patients children, adolescents, and adults are treated in these clinics per year. Instruments used for diagnostic purposes and for assessing general psychological distress are highly comparable, whereas a variety of different measurements for disorder-specific symptoms are in use. The software for handling these data is diverse and to some extent incompatible. Conclusion: We highlight the opportunities and challenges associated with the implementation of such research collaboration.
Keywords: psychotherapy research; health care research; outpatient clinics for psychotherapy; diagnostics of mental disorders

Korrelate der Depressivität von Müttern von Grundschulkindern - Zalan, Vera; Ziegler, Clara; Eichler, Anna; Heinrich, Hartmut; Moll, Gunther; Fasching, Peter; Beckmann, Matthias; Kornhuber, Johannes; Lenz, Bernd; Spangler, Gottfried (50. Jahreskongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, 2016)

Korrelation impliziter und expliziter Motivmaße – Eine Metaanalyse [Correlation of implicit and explicit motive measures – A meta-analysis] - Köllner, Martin; Schultheiss, Oliver (2010)

Korrelation von Motivkongruenz und Wohlbefinden - Eine Metaanalyse [Correlation of motive congruence and well-being – A meta-analysis] - Köllner, Martin; Patalakh, Mariya; Schultheiss, Oliver (31st Colloquium on Motivational Psychology, 2011)

Korrelation zwischen Maßen impliziter und expliziter Motive – eine Metaanalyse - Köllner, Martin (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2010)

Kriminalitätstheorien - Lösel, Friedrich; Schmucker, Martin (Handbuch der Rechtspsychologie, 2008)

Kriminologie und wissensbasierte Kriminalpolitik: Entwicklungs- und Evaluationsforschung - Lösel, Friedrich; Bender, Doris; Jehle, Jörg-Martin (Forum Verlag, 2007)

Kurzintervention zur Motivationsförderung im Strafvollzug - Breuer, Maike Miriam; Gerber, Kerstin; Endres, Johann (Bewährungshilfe, 2012)

Längsschnittliche Zusammenhänge zwischen Erziehungsgewalt und Gewaltdelinquenz im frühen Jugendalter - Weiss, Maren; Link, Eva; Stemmler, Mark (Rechtspsychologie, 2015)
Obwohl körperliche Züchtigung in der Erziehung gesetzlich verboten ist, sind zumindest „mildere“ Formen von Erziehungsgewalt nach wie vor weit verbreitet. Mögliche negative Auswirkungen auf die psychosoziale Entwicklung des Kindes sind vielfältig und reichen von internalisierenden Problemen bis zu Gewalttätigkeit. In der vorliegenden Studie wird der Zusammenhang zwischen erlebter Erziehungsgewalt und psychischen und sozialen Anpassungsproblemen im Jugendalter untersucht. Besonders berücksichtigt werden dabei die Schwere und Persistenz der Erziehungsgewalt sowie die Einstellung zur Gewalt der Jugendlichen. Datengrundlage der Untersuchung bilden die Selbstberichte von Schülern aus Dortmund und Nürnberg (n = 836), welche wiederholt im Alter von 11, 12 und 13 Jahren (5. bis 7. Jahrgangsstufe) befragt wurden. Neben Fragen zu elterlichen Erziehungspraktiken, Gewaltakzeptanz, Sozialverhalten und Freundschaften liegen Angaben zu devianten und delinquenten Verhaltensweisen vor. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass schon eine geringe Ausprägung an erlebter elterlicher Gewalt signifikante negative Entwicklungseffekte hat. Bei gewalthaltig erzogenen Jugendlichen zeigten sich emotionale und soziale Probleme im Allgemeinen sowie ein erhöhtes Risiko für Gewaltdelinquenz im Speziellen (jedoch kein erhöhtes Risiko für andere Delikte). Zusätzlich konnte die Bedeutung von Schwellen verdeutlicht werden, denn bei schwerer und kontinuierlicher Gewalterfahrung war die Gewaltdelinquenz besonders hoch. Der Zusammenhang zwischen erlebter Erziehungsgewalt und eigener Gewalttätigkeit scheint dabei zumindest teilweise über eine erhöhte Gewaltakzeptanz vermittelt zu werden. Aufgrund unseres längsschnittlichen Designs gehen diese Befunde über die übliche Korrelationsforschung hinaus, die lediglich den Zusammenhang zwischen gewalthaltiger Erziehung und antisozialem Verhalten repliziert. Die Daten bestätigen, dass das Ideal der gewaltfreien Erziehung noch nicht in der Mitte der Gesellschaft angekommen ist, was präventive Bemühungen zur Verbesserung der Erziehungskompetenz weiterhin rechtfertigt.

Latent Growth Curve Modeling and the Study of Problem Behavior in Girls - Stemmler, Mark; Petersen, Anne C. (Antisocial behavior and crime: Contributions of developmental and evaluation research to prevention and intervention, 2012)

Laufbahnberatung - Ebner, Katharina; Spurk, Daniel (Lexikon der Berufsbildung, 2016)

Leader-member exchange (LMX), job autonomy, and creative work involvement - Niessen, Cornelia; Spurk, Daniel; Volmer, Judith (The Leadership Quarterly, 2012)
Researchers have claimed that high quality of supervisor-employee relationships (i.e., leader-member exchange; LMX) fosters creativity at work. Moreover, researchers have acknowledged that this relationship is not clear-cut but rather complex. The present study focused on the moderating role of job autonomy in the LMX-creative work involvement relationship. Longitudinal field survey data (. N=. 144) collected in a high-technology firm revealed a positive association between LMX and creative work involvement and confirmed our assumptions on the moderating role of job autonomy. The positive relationship between LMX and creative work involvement was stronger when employees experienced greater job autonomy. Our findings point to the importance of considering the interplay of both, the leader-member relationship and job design issues for increasing employees' creative work involvement. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Leading for creativity - Volmer, Judith; Spurk, Daniel; Niessen, Cornelia (26st Annual SIOP Conference, 2011)

Learning and training at work - Sonnentag, Sabine; Niessen, Cornelia; Ohly, Sandra (An Introduction to Work and Organizational Psychology: A European perspective, 2008)

Learning at work: Training and development - Sonnentag, Sabine; Niessen, Cornelia; Ohly, Sandra (International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2004)
Keywords: learning at work; learning through experience; cognitive ability or fluid intelligence Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Learning Concept Relevance of Learning Learning in Formal and Informal Settings Specific Approaches to Learning Individual Characteristics Situation Characteristics Implications for Future Research and Practice Conclusion Acknowledgement References

Learning how to learn through homework. A six-week training program for children in the middle primary years with sample mathematics content - Ziegler, Albert; Stöger, Heidrun; Vialle, W (Hawker Brownlow, 2013)

Learning resources and talent development from a systemic point of view - Ziegler, Albert; Debatin, Tobias; Stoeger, Heidrun (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2019)
System theories postulate that a system needs resources in order to evolve and function as an entirety. According to the actiotope model of giftedness, exogenous and endogenous resources needed to develop excellence include five forms of educational capital (economic, cultural, social, infrastructural, and didactic) and five forms of learning capital (organismic, telic, actional, episodic, and attentional), independent of domain and level of talent development. In three studies, we addressed several blind spots in the empirical basis of the educational and learning capital (ELC) approach. The studies were conducted in different domains, with different samples, and on various levels of talent development, as well as with regard to different functions for which resources can be used. Study 1, comprising 365 sixth graders, showed that ELC have an incremental validity beyond IQ for predicting scholastic achievement. In study 2 with 90 women holding a university degree in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), we provide evidence that in the collegiate actiotopes of women who were later successful in STEM, more ELC had been available and was used to serve different functions than in the actiotopes of less successful women in STEM. In study 3 with 74 long-distance runners, we found a similar pattern of results for different achievement levels in an athletics domain.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-06-18
Keywords: actiotope; educational capital; learning capital; learning resources; talent development

Learning resources within the Actiotope: A validation study of the QELC (Questionnaire of Educational and Learning Capital) - Vladut, Anamaria; Vialle, W; Ziegler, Albert (Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 2015)

Lebenslanges Lernen als Lernhaltung - unveröffentlichtes Manuskript - Kramer, Klaudia; Döring, Brigitte; et al. (2002)

Lebensqualität nach chirurgischen Eingriffen. Eine Längsschnittstudie an Patienten mit Darmtumoren und -entzündungen - Weiss, Maren (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2005)
Die chirurgische Behandlung von Darmtumoren und –entzündungen wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten immer differenzierter. Dabei wurde vor allem versucht, den Anteil der Operationen, die einen dauerhaften künstlichen Darmausgang (Stoma) nach sich ziehen, auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren. Dadurch sollten Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität (LQ) verringert werden. Die Literatur zeigt aber, dass der Einfluss eines künstlichen Darmausgangs auf die LQ noch nicht endgültig geklärt ist. Die vorliegende Arbeit verfolgte das Ziel, die Auswirkungen einer Darmoperation auf die LQ der Patienten differenziert zu beschreiben. Daneben wurden in dieser Arbeit auch theoretische und methodische Hintergründe untersucht, z.B. zu Bedingungen und Korrelaten der LQ und zu Vor- und Nachteilen unterschiedlicher Erhebungsverfahren. Die Studie folgte einem multimethodalen, längsschnittlichen und interdisziplinären Ansatz. Die LQ wurde vor der OP sowie drei und zwölf Monate postoperativ erfasst, bei Patienten mit temporärem Stoma zusätzlich drei Monate nach der Stomarückverlagerung. Zur Erfassung der LQ kamen ein generischer Fragebogen (SF-36; Bullinger & Kirchberger, 1998), ein krankheitsspezifischer Fragebogen (GLQI; Eypasch et al., 1993) und ein teilstrukturiertes Interview zum Einsatz. Daneben wurden Persönlichkeit, Krankheitsbewältigung, soziale Unterstützung sowie Ängste und Erwartungen erhoben, außerdem medizinische Daten wie Symptomatik, Behandlung und Komplikationsrate. Die Stichprobe umfasste 79 Patienten mit Dickdarmkarzinomen und -entzündungen, von denen 51 mindestens vorübergehend mit einem künstlichen Ausgang leben mussten. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Einsatz standardisierter Fragebogenverfahren grundsätzlich geeignet zur LQ-Messung ist, dass aber einige Ergänzungen und Verbesserungen für die Zukunft wünschenswert wären. Das Interview erbrachte zusätzliche Informationen zum Sozialleben, zu krankheitsspezifischen Alltagsproblemen und zu Erwartungen, Ängsten und Bewertungen der Patienten. Es zeigte sich, dass Krebs- und Entzündungspatienten in einer sehr unterschiedlichen Situation waren: Entzündungspatienten berichteten von schlechten Ausgangswerten und einer postoperativen LQ-Steigerung, während sich die LQ der Tumorpatienten über den gesamten Untersuchungszeitraum im mittleren Bereich bewegte. Es ergaben sich Hinweise auf LQ-Einschränkungen von Stomapatienten, vor allem im funktionellen Bereich (Alltag, Leistung, Freizeit). Ein Stoma stellte in der Regel keine starke emotionale Belastung für die Patienten dar; psychische Anpassungsstörungen waren die Ausnahme. Allerdings fand sich bei Stomaträgern ein sehr hoher Anteil sexueller Einschränkungen. Auch die Partnerschaft litt stärker unter der Erkrankung als bei den Patienten ohne Stoma. Dagegen berichteten die Patienten eher von einer positiven Reaktion ihres weiteren Umfeldes, d.h. sie fühlten sich von ihren Freunden und Bekannten eher unterstützt und nur selten stigmatisiert. Männer hatten größere Schwierigkeiten als Frauen, sich an ein Stoma zu gewöhnen. Nach der Entfernung eines temporären Stomas verschlechterte sich die Symptomatik. Dennoch lagen keine Hinweise auf eine langfristige Verschlechterung der LQ vor. Allerdings hätten sich viele Patienten nach der Rückverlagerung den Krankheitsverlauf einfacher vorgestellt. Körperliche Symptome erwiesen sich als relevanter Prädiktor der postoperativen LQ. Dies betrifft weniger krankheitsspezifische Symptome (Verdauung, Ernährung) als unspezifische Symptome, die bei vielen anderen Gesundheitsproblemen in ähnlicher Weise auftreten können, z.B. Müdigkeit und Schlafstörungen. Objektive medizinische Daten (z.B. Komplikationsrate, Chemotherapie) stellten sich als schwache Prädiktoren der LQ heraus. Die Persönlichkeit war gut zur Vorhersage der LQ, vor allem im psychischen Bereich, geeignet. Dabei stellte sich insbesondere das Kohärenzgefühl als relevant heraus. Auch die in der Literatur vielfach postulierte Rolle einer depressiven Krankheitsverarbeitung für das psychische Wohlbefinden konnte bestätigt werden. Für die soziale Unterstützung waren deutlichere Zusammenhänge zur LQ erwartet worden. Ähnliches gilt für die präoperativen Erwartungen der Patienten. Patienten, die schon vor der OP eine schlechte LQ hatten, waren mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit auch danach in einem schlechteren Zustand. Dies legt nahe, Risikopatienten mit sehr schlechten Ausgangswerten frühzeitig zu identifizieren. Ähnliches gilt für Patienten, die einer Stomaanlage sehr ablehnend gegenüber stehen, und Patienten mit labiler und wenig kohärenter Grundpersönlichkeit.
Keywords: Darmkrebs; Gesundeitspsychologie; Lebensqualität; Medizinische Psychologie; Stoma

Lebensqualität nach kolorektalen Operationen - Siassi, Ramin Michael; Weiss, Maren (Coloproctology, 2011)
Functional progress in colorectal surgery has shifted attention towards quality of life as a clinical endpoint. Quality of life is a complex, subjective construct. Variable factors such as pain and fatigue are often not diagnosed sufficiently although in many cases there are good treatment options. Static factors, e. g. origin or personality, exert a greater influence than generally assumed. Although these factors cannot be changed themselves, their assessment is important for the individual allocation of supportive and rehabilitative measures. Multidisciplinary management, including psycho-oncologic treatment, may therefore improve patients’ quality of life.

Lebenstüchtig trotz schwieriger Kindheit - Lösel, Friedrich; Bender, Doris (Psychoscope, 1994)

Left-wing extremist violence: Risk and protective factors in a targeted sample of potential extremists - Jugl, Irina; Bender, Doris; Lösel, Friedrich (Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform, 2021)
While research on right-wing and religious-isla- mist motivated extremism has increased in recent years, the same is not the case for left-wing extremism. This study examines specific risk and protective factors of left-wing extremism. Using an online questionnaire, we studied a sample of 144 potential extremists, which we re- cruited via left leaning and extremist left-wing groups. The focus in our study was on aggressive and violent behavior (not only on attitudes). 51 % of our participants were male with a mean age of M = 26.74 (SD = 6.11). 92 had engaged in politically motivated violence towards property and/or persons. We examined theoretically relevant constructs on the individual level and in the social environment. A hier- archical regression analysis »explained« about 50 % of the variance regarding politically motivated violence. Positive integration into a violent extremist social environment was related to politically motivated violence. A personal criminal history predicted engagement as well. Percep- tions of procedural justice and legitimacy were identified as a protective factor. In an exploratory discriminant ana- lysis, we also examined differences between those who were »only« involved in violence towards objects (others’property) and those who were also involved in violence towards persons. Positive attitudes towards the use of ex- tremist violence were important in predicting group mem- bership. The results are considered in light of current re- search and strengths as well as limitations are discussed. More empirical research on left-wing extremism is neces- sary, especially studies using longitudinal designs.
Keywords: left-wing extremism; left-wing extremist vio- lence; risk factors; protective factors

LehrKRÄFTE schonen und sinnvoll einsetzen. Konzeption und erste Evaluation einer fallbasierten Fortbildung für Lehrkräfte zum Umgang mit Belastungen in inklusiven Settings - Elting, Christian; Baumann, Rebecca; Martschinke, Sabine; Grüning, Miriam; Niessen, Cornelia; Kopp, Bärbel; Oetjen, Birte (Mythen, Widersprüche und Gewissheiten der Grundschulforschung. Eine wissenschaftliche Bestandsaufnahme nach 100 Jahren Grundschule, 2021)
Im Beitrag werden Konzept und Evaluation der fallbasierten Fortbildung LehrKRÄFTE vorgestellt (vgl. http://www.grundschulforschung.phil.fau.de/files/2019/10/Flyer-LehrKRÄFTE.pdf; Teilprojekt des Forschungsprojekts BISU – Belastungen in einer inklusiven Schule und im gemeinsamen Unterricht begegnen; vgl. zu Anlage und Ergebnissen Martschinke et al. 2019, Oetjen et al. in diesem Band). Erste deskriptive Ergebnisse verweisen darauf, dass der fallorientierte Fortbildungsansatz Grundschullehrkräfte (N = 13) im Umgang mit den Mehrbelastungen in inklusiven Settings unterstützen könnt

Leidensdruck und Behandlungsmotivation bei Gewaltstraftätern - Carl, Lena; Breuer, Maike Miriam; Endres, Johann (Forensische Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 2016)
Leidensdruck und Behandlungsmotivation gelten gemeinhin als wichtige Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche Kriminaltherapie. Dennoch mangelt es an einer exakten Definition ebenso wie an messgenauen und validen Messinstrumenten. Aus diesem Grund sollen zwei Fragebogenverfahren vorgestellt und hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung zur Messung von Behandlungsmotivation und Leidensdruck bei Straftätern untersucht werden. N = 49 männlichen inhaftierten Gewaltstraftätern wurden sowohl der etablierte „Fragebogen zur Messung der Psychotherapiemotivation“ (FMP) als auch der zielgruppenspezifische „Fragebogen zu subjektiven Behandlungsvoraussetzungen“ (SBV-R) vorgelegt. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass beide Fragebogenverfahren geeignet sind, Behandlungsmotivation und Leidensdruck bei inhaftierten Straftätern hinreichend genau zu erfassen. Der SBV-R erzielte dabei etwas bessere Werte als der FMP. Zudem zeigte sich, dass Leidensdruck im SBV-R negativ mit Prisonisierungseffekten korrelierte und einen Prädiktor für Behandlungsmotivation darstellte, was für die Validität des SBV-R spricht. Vor- und Nachteile der Anwendung beider Fragebogenverfahren sowie Implikationen für die Praxis werden diskutiert.
Keywords: Leidensdruck; Behandlungsmotivation; Strafvollzug; Therapieindikation; Testgütekriterien

Leistungen in Hochbegabten- und Regelzügen - Harder, Bettina (Ministerialtagung zur Evaluation der Begabtenzüge, 2010)

Lernen und Psychologische Lerntheorien - Drechsel, Barbara; Kramer, Klaudia; et al. (Pädagogik Lexikon, 1999)

Lernkompetenzen beobachten, beurteilen und fördern: Kriterienkatalog und Fragebogen zur Einschätzung der Methoden-, Sozial-, Selbst- und Sachkompetenz bei Schülerinnen und Schülern unter der besonderen Berücksichtigung von grundlegenden Voraussetzungen für Lebenslanges Lernen - Kramer, Klaudia; et al. (2002)

Lernmotivation im kaufmännischen Unterricht: Die Sicht von Auszubildenden und Lehrkräften - Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; Kramer, Klaudia; et al. (Zeitschrift für Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik, 1998)

Lernmotivation in der Aus- und Weiterbildung: Merkmale und Bedingungen - Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; Kliewe, Anke; Kramer, Klaudia; Röber, Nicola; et al. (Kompedium Weiterbildung - Aspekte und Perspektiven betrieblicher Personal- und Organisationsentwicklung, 2000)

Lernmotivation in der kaufmännischen Ausbildung aus der Perspektive von Auszubildenden unterschiedlicher Berufe - Kramer, Klaudia; Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; et al. (Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Bildungswissenschaften, 2000)

Lernmotivation in der kaufmännischen Ausbildung aus der Perspektive von Auszubildenden unterschiedlicher Berufe - Kramer, Klaudia; Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; et al. (Zeitschrift für Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik, 2000)

Lernmotivation und die Unterrichtsbedingungen Autonomie- und Kompetenzunterstützung - Prenzel, Manfred; Drechsel, Barbara; Kliewe, Anke; Kramer, Klaudia; Röber, Nicola; et al. (1998)
Informationstexte für das DFG-Projekt "Selbstbestimmt motiviertes und interessiertes Lernen in der kaufmännischen Erstausbildung: Eine Interventionsstudie"

Lernstrategienutzung im Semesterverlauf: Eine clusteranalytische Untersuchung von Lernblogs - Naujoks, Nick; Händel, Marion (7. Tagung der Gesellschaft für Empirische Bildungsforschung (GEBF), 2019)

Lernstrategienutzung im Semesterverlauf: Eine clusteranalytische Untersuchung von Lernblogs - Naujoks, Nick; Händel, Marion (Tagung der Gesellschaft für Empirische Bildungsforschung (GEBF), 2019)

Lernstrategien zur Bewältigung der Herausforderungen des Studiums – Längsschnittliche Studien zu Nutzung, Einflussfaktoren und Potenzialen - Naujoks-Schober, Nick (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2023)
Die Bewältigung der Herausforderungen eines Semesters stellt hohe Anforderungen an das selbstregulierte Lernen Studierender. Kognitive, metakognitive und ressourcenbezogene Lernstrategien sind leistungsrelevante Aspekte selbstregulierten Lernens, mit welchen die Studierenden ihre Lernhandlungen zielführend steuern und Schwierigkeiten im Lernprozess auflösen können. Aus der pädagogisch-psychologischen Lernstrategieforschung werden jedoch mehrere offene Fragen und Desiderate deutlich. Inhaltlich besteht die Forderung nach einer gemeinsamen Berücksichtigung der Komponenten und Prozesse selbstregulierten Lernens. Durch die Zusammenführung beider Perspektiven sollen im Rahmen der Synopse einerseits Einflussfaktoren und notwendige Kompetenzen sowie andererseits auch die Dynamik und Potenziale der Nutzung von Lernstrategien zur Bewältigung der Herausforderungen des Studiums identifiziert und analysiert werden. Daraus folgt das methodische Desiderat einer situationsspezifischen, handlungsnahen und längsschnittlichen Erfassung der Lernstrategienutzung in authentischen Lernsituationen. Das primäre Ziel der vorliegenden Synopse ist deshalb die Erfassung von Nutzung, Einflussfaktoren und Potenzialen kognitiver, metakognitiver und ressourcen-bezogener Lernstrategien im Studium unter Berücksichtigung der genannten Desiderate. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziels werden drei empirische Arbeiten her-angezogen, welche aktuelle Fragestellungen zu den einzelnen Lernstrategien aus den genannten Perspektiven heraus fokussieren. Der erste Fachartikel fokussierte die semesterübergreifende Nutzung kognitiver Lernstrategien und erweiterte die bestehende Forschung zu Nutzungsmustern kognitiver Lernstrategien um eine handlungsnahe Erfassung sowie eine längsschnittliche Betrachtung. Die Ergebnisse des ersten Fachartikels zeigten eine differenzierte Nutzung kognitiver Lernstrategien im Semester durch die Studierenden und ein leistungsrelevantes Nutzungsmuster dieser Lernstrategien. Der zweite Fachartikel adressierte metakognitive Lernstrategien und konnte Potenziale semesterbegleitender Abrufübungen in Form von nicht gewerteten Leistungstests hinsichtlich der metakognitiven Überwachung sowie der Prüfungsleistung Studierender in einer authentischen Lernsituation aufzeigen. Die Ergebnisse des zweiten Fachartikels zeigten entgegen der theoretischen Annahme allerdings keinen bedeutsamen Einfluss eines externen Feedbacks zu den Abrufübungen auf die metakognitive Überwachung der Studierenden. Der dritte Fachartikel untersuchte ressourcenbezogene Lernstrategien Studierender, die ihr Lernen ad-hoc an digitale Fernlehre im häuslichen Umfeld anpassen muss-ten. Die Ergebnisse des dritten Fachartikels zeigten eine Diskrepanz zwischen der intendierten und der tatsächlichen Nutzung ressourcenbezogener Lernstrategien, die auf eine nicht ausreichende Adaption des Lernens an die neue Lernsituation hindeutet. Zudem konnte eine Abhängigkeit der tatsächlichen Nutzung von der Bereitschaft der Studierenden für die ad-hoc digitale Fernlehre festgestellt werden. Zusammengenommen erweitern die empirischen Arbeiten im Rahmen der Synopse den Forschungsstand zur Lernstrategienutzung um die längsschnittliche Perspektive und die Betrachtung des selbstregulierten Lernens Studierender in wichtigen Situationen des Studiums, wie dem Studienbeginn und der Einführung einer neuen Lehrform. Dabei werden über-greifend prozessbasierte Dynamiken der Strategienutzung und leistungsrelevante, metakognitive und förderungsrelevante Potenziale der Lernstrategien deutlich. Vor allem diese Potenziale hinsichtlich der Nutzung und der Einflussfaktoren der Lernstrategien sowie damit einhergehende methodische Erweiterungen werden als zusammenführender Diskussionsanlass angeführt.<br
Keywords: Lernstrategien; Längsschnitt; Selbstreguliertes Lernen; Studium

Less immune activation following social stress in rural vs. urban participants raised with regular or no animal contact, respectively - Böbel, T.; Hackl, S.; Langgartner, D.; Jarczok, M. N.; Rohleder, Nicolas; Rook, G. A.; Lowry, C. A.; Guendel, H.; Waller, C.; Reber, S. O. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018)

Less Is More? Think Again! A Cognitive Fluency-Based More-Less Asymmetry in Comparative Communication - Hoorens, V; Bruckmüller, Susanne (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2015)
Differences between groups, individuals, or objects can be framed in multiple ways. One can, for instance, say that men generally earn more than women or that women generally earn less than men. Showing that these logically equivalent expressions are not psychologically equivalent, we demonstrate a robust more-less asymmetry in the use of and responses to comparative statements. More specifically, we show that people use "more than" statements more often than "less than" statements (Study 1); like "more than" statements better (Studies 2 and 3), agree more with opinions expressed through "more than" statements (Studies 4 and 5), and are more likely to consider factual "more than" statements to be true (Study 6). Supporting a cognitive fluency explanation, a manipulation that makes people expect disfluency while processing "less than" statements reduces this otherwise robust more-less asymmetry (Study 7). By combining comparative framing effects with cognitive fluency, the present research brings together 2 research fields in social cognition, shedding new light on both.
Keywords: social comparison; framing; fluency; judgment; verbal communication

Lessons Learned from an Attempted Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial for Improvement of Chronic Pain-Associated Disability in Green Professions: Long-Term Effectiveness of a Guided Online-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(PACT-A) - Braun, Lina; Terhorst, Yannik; Titzler, Ingrid; Freund, Johanna; Thielecke, Janika; Ebert, David Daniel; Baumeister, Harald (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022)
Musculoskeletal symptoms are increased in farmers, whereas the prevalence of chronified pain is unknown. Online interventions based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) have shown encouraging results in the general population, representing a promising approach for reducing pain interference in green professions (i.e., farmers, foresters, gardeners). We conducted a pragmatic RCT comparing a guided ACT-based online intervention to enhanced treatment-as-usual in entrepreneurs, contributing spouses, family members and pensioners in green professions with chronic pain (CPG: ≥grade II, ≥6 months). Recruitment was terminated prematurely after 2.5 years at N = 89 (of planned N = 286). Assessments were conducted at 9 weeks (T1), 6 months (T2) and 12 months (T3) post-randomization. The primary outcome was pain interference (T1). The secondary outcomes encompassed pain-, health- and intervention-related variables. No treatment effect for reduction of pain interference was found at T1 (β = −0.16, 95%CI: −0.64–0.32, p = 0.256). Improvements in cognitive fusion, pain acceptance, anxiety, perceived stress and quality of life were found only at T3. Intervention satisfaction as well as therapeutic and technological alliances were moderate, and uptake and adherence were low. Results are restricted by low statistical power due to recruitment issues, high study attrition and low intervention adherence, standing in contrast to previous studies. Further research is warranted regarding the use of ACT-based online interventions for chronic pain in this occupational group. Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00014619. Registered: 16 April 2018.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-11-25
Keywords: 12-month follow-up; 6-month follow-up; acceptance and commitment therapy; ACT; chronic pain; farmers; foresters; gardeners; internet intervention; randomized controlled trial

Lessons learned from an attempted randomized-controlled feasibility trial on “WIDeCAD” - An internet-based depression treatment for people living with coronary artery disease (CAD) - Bendig, Eileen; Bauereiß, Natalie; Buntrock, Claudia; Habibović, Mirela; Ebert, David Daniel; Baumeister, Harald (Internet Interventions, 2021)
Background: Despite the high prevalence of comorbid depression in people living with coronary artery disease (CAD), uptake of psychological treatment is generally low. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of an internet-based cognitive-behavioral (iCBT) depression intervention for people with CAD and depressive symptoms. Methods: People with CAD and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) were randomly assigned to the eight modules comprising iCBT (N = 18), or waitlist-control (N = 16). Measures were taken at baseline (t1) and at post-treatment (eight weeks after randomization, t2). Feasibility-related outcomes were recruitment strategy, study attrition, intervention dropout, satisfaction, negative effects as well as the potential of the intervention to affect likely outcomes in a future full-scale trial (depression, anxiety, quality of life, fear of progression). Data analyses were based on intention-to-treat principles. Linear regression models were used to detect between group differences. Linear Mixed Models were used to model potential changes over time. Results: This trial was terminated prior to a-priori defined sample size has been reached given low recruitment success as well as high intervention dropout (88%) and study attrition (23%). On average, participants in the intervention group completed M = 2.78 (SD = 3.23) modules. Participants in the waitlist control group barely started one module (M = 0.82, SD = 1.81). The satisfaction with the intervention was low (M = 20.6, SD = 0.88). Participants reported no negative effects attributed to the iCBT. Differences between groups with regard to depression, anxiety, fear of progression and quality of life remained non-significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This trial failed to recruit a sufficient number of participants. Future work should explore potential pitfalls with regards to the reach and persuasiveness of internet interventions for people living with CAD. The study gives important indications for future studies with regard to the need for new ideas to reach and treat people with CAD and depression.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-03-19
Keywords: Cognitive behavioral therapy; Coronary artery disease; Depression; Internet and mobile-based intervention; Psychological intervention