Lateglacial and Holocene climatic changes in south-eastern Patagonia inferred from carbonate isotope records of Laguna Potrok Aike (Argentina) - Oehlerich, Markus; Mayr, Christoph; Gussone, Nikolaus; Hahn, Annette; Hölzl, Stefan; Lücke, Andreas; Ohlendorf, Christian; Rummel, Susanne; Teichert, Barbara; Zolitschka, Bernd (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2015)

Late Holocene Asian summer monsoon variability reflected by δ18O in tree-rings from Tibetan junipers - Grießinger, Jussi; Bräuning, Achim; Helle, Gerhard; Thomas, Axel; Schleser, Gerhard Hans (Geophysical Research Letters, 2011)
Recent warming in High Asia might have a strong impact on Asian summer monsoon variability with consequences for the hydrological cycle. Based on correlations between climate data, the tree-ring delta O-18 of high-elevation junipers is an indicator of August precipitation. Thus, our 800-year long annually resolved oxygen isotope series reflects long-term variations in summer monsoon activity on the southern Tibetan plateau. Summer precipitation was reduced during 13th-15th centuries and since the 19th century, whereas the Little Ice Age period (15th-19th century) was rather moist. The late 20th century was among the driest periods during the past 800 years, showing a tendency to slightly wetter conditions after AD 1990. Citation: Griessinger, J., A. Brauning, G. Helle, A. Thomas, and G. Schleser (2011), Late Holocene Asian summer monsoon variability reflected by delta O-18 in tree-rings from Tibetan junipers, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L03701, doi:10.1029/2010GL045988.
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2011.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.lateho

Late Holocene climatic and environmental changes in arid central Asia - Yang, Bao; Bräuning, Achim; Wang, Jinsong; Dong, Zhibao; Esper, Jan (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2009)
Late Holocene climate and environmental changes in arid central Asia were analyzed using various paleoclimate archives such as ice cores, tree rings, lake sediments, historical documents, glacial fluctuations and archeological data. Over the last 2000 years, arid central Asia witnessed three humid periods from AD 0–410, 650–890 and 1500–1820s. Dry periods occurred in 420–660 and in 900–1510s. Concerning temperature, the most striking features are the existence of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). The MWP was recorded in the 9–12th centuries and was accompanied by an anomalously dry climate, whereas the LIA extended from the 15–18th centuries and was accompanied by pluvial conditions. Temperature and precipitation show significantly negative correlations on annual, decadal and centennial timescales. Temperature was generally above average when dry climate conditions predominated on decadal to centennial timescales during the last 1000 years. The coldest decades of the last millennium, the period 1630–1650s, matched with an anomalously wet episode. The combination of paleoclimatic evidence clearly suggests that the combination of cold and wet climate condition during the LIA was responsible for the strong glacial advances in several mountain systems of central Asia.
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2007.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.lateho

Late Holocene Glacial Fluctuations of Schiaparelli Glacier at Monte Sarmiento Massif, Tierra del Fuego (54 degrees 24 ' S) - Meier, Wolfgang; Aravena, Juan-Carlos; Grießinger, Jussi; Hochreuther, Philipp; Soto-Rogel, Pamela; Zhu, Haifeng; De Pol-Holz, Ricardo; Schneider, Christoph; Braun, Matthias (Geosciences, 2019)
The Magallanes-Tierra del Fuego region, Southern Patagonia (53-56 degrees S) features a plethora of fjords and remote and isolated islands, and hosts several thousand glaciers. The number of investigated glaciers with respect to the multiple Neoglacial advances is based on a few individual studies and is still fragmentary, which complicates the interpretation of the glacial dynamics in the southernmost part of America. Schiaparelli Glacier (54 degrees 24 ' S, 70 degrees 50 ' W), located at the western side of the Cordillera Darwin, was selected for tree-ring-based and radiocarbon dating of the glacial deposits. One focus of the study was to address to the potential dating uncertainties that arise by the use of Nothofagus spp. as a pioneer species. A robust analysis of the age-height relationship, missing the pith of the tree (pith offset), and site-specific ecesis time revealed a total uncertainty value of +/- 5-9 years. Three adjacent terminal moraines were identified, which increasingly tapered towards the glacier, with oldest deposition dates of 1749 +/- 5 CE, 1789 +/- 5 CE, and 1867 +/- 5 CE. Radiocarbon dates of trunks incorporated within the terminal moraine system indicate at least three phases of cumulative glacial activity within the last 2300 years that coincide with the Neoglacial phases of the Southern Patagonian Icefield and adjacent mountain glaciers. The sub-recent trunks revealed the first evidence of a Neoglacial advance between similar to 600 BCE and 100 CE, which so far has not been substantiated in the Magallanes-Tierra del Fuego region.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-09-17

Late Holocene hydrologic changes in northern New Zealand inferred from stable isotope values of aquatic cellulose in sediments from lake Pupuke - Heyng, Alexander; Mayr, Christoph; Lücke, Andreas; Wissel, Holger; Striewski, Bernd (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2014)

Late Holocene hydrology inferred from lacustrine sediments of Laguna Cháltel (southeastern Argentina) - Ohlendorf, Christian; Fey, Michael; Massaferro, Julieta; Haberzettl, Torsten; Laprida, Cecilia; Lücke, Andreas; Maidana, Nora; Mayr, Christoph; Oehlerich, Markus; Ramón-Mercau, Josefina; Wille, Michael; Corbella, Hugo; et al. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2014)

Late Holocene monsoonal temperate glacier fluctuations on the Tibetan Plateau - Yang, Bao; Bräuning, Achim; Dong, Zhibao; Zhang, Ziyin; Keqing, Jiao (Global and Planetary Change, 2008)
We established a chronology of monsoonal temperate glacier fluctuations in China during the last two millennia based on radiocarbon ages of fossil wood buried in moraines, lichen-dated moraines and tree ring evidence. The chronology includes data from 16 glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau including the Hengduan Mountains, the central and eastern parts of the Himalaya Mountains, and the eastern Nyainqentanglha Range. Three main periods of glacier advances are identified: around 200-600 AD, 800-1150 AD, and 1400-1920 AD. The glacier advance at about 400-600 AD was the most widespread advance in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Basically synchronous glacier advances occurred in the southern Himalayan Mountains during 380-600 AD, 870-1100 AD, 1400-1430 AD and 1550-1850 AD. The glacier advance around 1000 AD also occurred in the central Himalayas. Temperatures in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau calculated from Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) depression were 1.0 °C, 0.7 °C, 0.4 °C and 0.1 °C lower than at present (1989 AD) during the periods of 200-600 AD, 800-1150 AD, 1400-1650 AD, and the 19th century, respectively. On a centennial timescale, temperature changes rather than precipitation changes caused by variations of the south Asian summer monsoon are the controlling factor for glacier fluctuations. The widespread glacier advance during the 19th century was probably partly attributable to the result of increased winter snowfall in the central Himalayas.
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2008.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.lateho
Keywords: climate change; glacier fluctuations; Holocene; monsoon intensity; Tibetan Plateau

Late Holocene relative humidity history on the southeastern Tibetan plateau inferred from a tree-ring δ18O record: Recent decrease and conditions during the last 1500 years - Grießinger, Jussi; Bräuning, Achim; Helle, Gerhard; Hochreuther, Philipp; Schleser, Gerhard Hans (Quaternary international, 2017)
In recent decades, the Tibetan plateau (TP) experienced a distinctive temperature increase, with fundamental consequences for the hydrological system. As meteorological time-series extending back more than 60 years are scarce, there is a strong need for proxy data providing insight into the regional hydroclimatic history as well as the long-term variability. Within this study, a recently developed annually resolved 1500 year-long tree-ring stable oxygen isotope (δ18O) time from the southeastern TP is presented. Climate–proxy relationships reveal a strong impact of relative humidity (rH) during the summer months (May to September) on tree-ring δ18O, explaining around 45% of its variance. The derived reconstruction of relative humidity reveals a recent trend towards drier conditions on the TP. However, the present low rH level is not unprecedented in regard to the last 1500 years. In comparison to recent climate conditions, the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) was characterized by more stable conditions with higher humidity values. Hydroclimatic conditions during the Little Ice Age (LIA) suggest a contrasting two-phased period, with a clear shift from drier conditions prevailing between 1400 and 1650 AD to more humid conditions since the second half of the 17th century. Comparisons with other local proxies from lake levels and Pollen data from the southern part of the Tibetan plateau indicate a common regional climate forcing during the MWP and the LIA which can be related to changes in summer monsoon activity. However, the strength of the distinct dryness trend during the 20th century seems unique.
Keywords: Tree-ring δ18O; Tibetan plateau; Relative humidity; Summer monsoon; 1500 year climate reconstruction; Climate variability

Late Holocene relative humidity history on the southeastern Tibetan plateau inferred from a tree-ring δ18O record: Recent decrease and conditions during the last 1500 years - Grießinger, Jussi; Bräuning, Achim; Helle, Gerhard; Hochreuther, Philipp; Schleser, Gerhard (Quaternary international, 2017)
Keywords: Climate variability; 1500 year climate reconstruction; Summer monsoon; Relative humidity; Tree-ring δ18O; Tibetan plateau

Late Holocene temperature fluctuations on the Tibetan Plateau - Yang, Bao; Bräuning, Achim; Yafeng, Shi (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2003)
Proxy data of palaeoclimate, like ice cores, tree rings and lake sediments, document aspects of climate changes on the Tibetan Plateau during the last 2000 years. The results show that the Tibetan Plateau experienced climatic episodes such as the warm intervals during AD 800-1100 and 1150-1400, the "Little Ice Age" between AD 1400 and 1900, and an earlier cold period between the 4th and 6th centuries. In addition, temperatures varied from region to region across the plateau. A warm period from AD 800 to 1100 in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau was contemporaneous with cooling in the southern Tibetan Plateau, which experienced warming between AD 1150 and 1400. Large-scale trends in the temperature history from the northeastern Tibetan Plateau resemble those in eastern China more than the trends from the southern Plateau. The most notable similarities between the temperature variations of the Tibetan Plateau and eastern China are cold phases during AD 1100-1150, 1500-1550, 1650-1700 and 1800-1850. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2003.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.lateho

Late Holocene variations in monsoon intensity in the Tibetan-Himalayan region - evidence from tree-rings - Grießinger, Jussi; Bräuning, Achim (Journal of the Geological Society of India, 2006)
The knowledge of past climate variability is of great relevance for understanding the dynamics of the climate system. We developed new reconstructions of the variation of summer monsoon intensity in High Asia during the past millennium from a network of tree-ring series from the Tibetan Plateau. We studied several wood parameters which contain information about different seasonal climate signals, i.e., ring width, maximum latewood density and stable carbon isotopes in wood cellulose. In central Tibet, periods of low pre-monsoon rainfall occurred during the second half of the 14th century, around 1600 AD, during the 1880's and the first half of the 20th century. High summer monsoon activity in eastern Tibet occurred between 1220 and 1400 AD and probably corresponds to the "Medieval Warm Period". Several minima in monsoon intensity occurred during the "Little Ice Age" between the first half of the 16th century and the second half of the 18th century. The monsoon intensity after 1980 AD is the highest since the first half of the 17th century. This finding is generally consistent with climate model predictions that suggest an intensification of the summer monsoon with ongoing climate warming. Thus, tree-ring networks can be used as an independent data source for the validation of climate models. The summer monsoon activity is presently still within the range of the natural variability documented during the past thousand years.
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2006.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.lateho
Keywords: Dendroclimatology; Maximum latewood density; Rainfall reconstruction; Stable carbon isotopes; Summer monsoon; Tibetan Plateau

ldentitäten und Räume als politisch: Die Perspektive der Diskurs- und Hegemonietheorie - Glasze, Georg (Europa Regional, 2015)

Leaf unfolding of Tibetan alpine meadows captures the arrival of monsoon rainfall - Li, Ruicheng; Luo, Tianxiang; Mölg, Thomas; Zhao, Jingxue; Li, Xiang; Cui, Xiaojong; Du, Mingyuan; Tang, Yanhong (Scientific Reports, 2016)

Learning from Failed Policy Mobilities. Contradictions, Resistances and Unintended Outcomes in the Transfer of “Business Improvement Districts” to Germany. - Stein, Christian; Michel, Boris; Glasze, Georg; Pütz, Robert (European Urban and Regional Studies, 2015)

Learning from failed policy mobilities. Contradictions, resistances and unintended outcomes in the transfer of "Business Improvement Districts" to Germany. - Stein, Christian; Michel, Boris; Glasze, Georg; Pütz, Robert (European Urban and Regional Studies, 2017)

Learning rural areas: Refugees as drivers of economic and social change in Lower Bavaria, Germany. - Weidinger, Tobias („New rural geographies in Europe: actors, processes, policies“: European Rural Geographies Conference, June 14-17, 2017, Braunschweig, Germany. Book of Abstracts., 2017)

Leben im Universum. München 2004 - Hübner, Thomas (2004)

Leben in den Alpen. Verstädterung, Entsiedlung und neue Aufwertung. Festschrift für Werner Bätzing zum 65. Geburtstag - Chilla, Tobias (2014)

Lebenswelten geflüchteter Menschen in ländlichen Regionen qualitativ erforschen: Methodische Überlegungen zu einem partizipativ orientierten Forschungsansatz - Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias; Hachmeister, Silke (2018)
In diesem Working Paper werden methodologische Grundsätze und Möglichkeiten der Erforschung subjektiv erfahrener Benachteiligungen von Personen in ihren jeweiligen Lebenszusammenhängen thematisiert. Insbesondere Prozesse der sozialräumlichen Ausgrenzung und fehlenden Teilhabe von marginalisierten Gruppen in ländlichen Räumen können mit dem hier vorgestellten Instrumentarium – visuell-gestützten und partizipativ orientierten biographischen Interviews – erfasst werden. Um Lebenswelten, soziale Praktiken und schließlich Prozesse der Exklusion und Inklusion subjektzentriert betrachten zu können, muss insbesondere die Beziehung zwischen Forschenden und Beforschten kritisch hinterfragt werden. Zur Sprache kommen in diesem Working Paper Positionalität und Macht sowie Reflexivität und Selbstwahrnehmung der Forschenden. Schließlich wird der Zugang zu Interviewpersonen thematisiert. Die Autor*innen formulieren Grundsätze eines qualitativen Forschungsdesigns und präsentieren eine Leitschnur, die bei der praktischen Umsetzung biographisch-narrativer Forschung mit Geflüchteten angewendet werden kann.<br
Keywords: Migration; Geflüchtete; Methoden; Partizipation; Lebenswelt; Agency; Reflexivität

Leerstandmanagement im Ländlichen Raum. GIS-gestützte Anpassungsmaßnahmen im Demographischen Wandel. - Neufeld, Markus; Beyrich, Lena; Burkhardt, Nadine; Engl, Christina; Gramann, Petra (Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 2014)

Les grands ensembles de banlieue comme menaces urbaines ? Discours comparés – Allemagne, France, Pologne - Germes, Melina; Schirmel, Henning; Brailich, Adam; Glasze, Georg; Pütz, Robert (Annales de Geographie, 2010)
Keywords: Banlieue; France; Menaces; Social

Lexikon der Luftfahrt / Autorenkollektiv unter Leitung von Wilfried Kopenhagen. 6., bearbeitete und ergänzte Auflage. Berlin 1991 - Hübner, Thomas (1991)

Lexikon des Science-fiction-Films : 2000 Filme von 1902 bis heute / Ronald M. Hahn ; Volker Jansen. 2 Bd. Aktualisierte Neuausgabe. München 1997 - Hübner, Thomas (1997)

LiDAR derived forest structure data improves predictions of canopy N and P concentrations from imaging spectroscopy. - Ewald, Michael; Aerts, Raf; Lenoir, Jonathan; Fassnacht, Fabian; Nicolas, Manuel; Skowronek, Sandra; Piat, Jerome; Honnay, Olivier; Garzon-Lopez, Carol; Feilhauer, Hannes; Van De Kerchove, Ruben; Somers, Ben; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2018)

Life-span growth dynamics and xylem anatomical patterns of diffuse-porous Afzelia africana Sm. (Fabaceae) in different ecological zones in Burkina Faso - Balima, Larba Hubert; Gebrekirstos, Aster; Kouamé, François N.Guessan; Nacoulma, Blandine Marie Ivette; Thiombiano, Adjima; Bräuning, Achim (Dendrochronologia, 2020)
Tropical West African savannas are exposed to high climatic variability with potential impacts on tree growth, forest dynamics and ecosystem productivity. In such context, understanding the long-term ecological responses of savanna trees to changing environmental conditions is of great relevance for taking appropriate conservation actions. We conducted the first study on tree-ring analysis and quantitative wood anatomy on Afzelia africana Sm. in Burkina Faso, to investigate the life-span growth trajectories and wood anatomical adjustment to site and to climate variations. A total of 24 stem discs was collected in four protected forests along the Sudano-sahelian and the Sudanian climatic zones. Wood samples were analyzed using standard dendrochronological methods and quantitative wood anatomy. The mean annual growth rates varied from 1.002 (± 0.249) mm. year−1 in the Sudanian zone to 1.128 (± 0.436) mm. year−1 in the Sudano-sahelian zone. Analysis of growth trajectories showed high variations within sites and between climatic zones. Wood anatomical traits significantly varied between sites. Principal Component Analysis revealed strong relationships between ring width, wood density and vessel traits, with 82.81 % of the total variance explained. Vessel size significantly increased from the pith to the bark, highlighting the ontogenetic effects on xylem anatomical variations. Inverse relationships were found between vessel size and vessel density across the driest site and the wettest site, suggesting that the higher the rainfall, the taller the tree, the larger vessel size, but the lower vessel density. By contrast, more arid conditions and high evapotranspiration lead to smaller vessel sizes and higher vessel density. Such anatomical adjustments highlight the trade-offs between water conductance efficiency and hydraulic safety, and emphasize physiological responses to climate variability. These variations on the long-term dynamics and xylem anatomical patterns underline complex interactions between ontogenetic effects and contrasting environmental factors that affect the eco-physiological functioning of A. africana throughout the Sudanian region.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-10-02
Keywords: Afzelia africana; Growth trajectory; Sudanian savannas; Tropical dendroecology; Vessel adjustment; Wood anatomy

Lifestyle-Mobilitäten deutscher Senioren in Spanien – das Beispiel der Gemeinde Torrox an der Costa del Sol - Kordel, Stefan (Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 2013)
Keywords: Migration; Senioren; Spanien

Linguistic turn - Glasze, Georg (DiskursNetz. Wörterbuch der interdisziplinären Diskursforschung, 2014)

Linking earth observation and taxonomic, structural and functional biodiversity: local to ecosystem perspectives - Lausch, Angela; Bannehr, Lutz; Beckmann, Michael; Boehm, Christoph; Feilhauer, Hannes; Heurich, Marco; Jung, Andras; Klenke, Reinhard; Neumann, Carsten; Pause, Marion; Rocchini, Duccio; Schaepman, Michael; et al. (Ecological Indicators, 2016)

Linking Oxygen Isotopes of Animal-Bone Phosphate with Altimetry: Results from Archaeological Finds from a Transect in the Alps - Mayr, Christoph; Grupe, Gisela; Toncala, Anita; Lihl, Christina (Isotopic Landscapes in Bioarchaeology, 2016)

Litwina, Alexandra: Von Moskau nach Wladiwostok : eine Reise mit der transsibirischen Eisenbahn. Hildesheim 2021 - Hübner, Thomas (2021)

Local contextualization of a global form of governance: Comparing Discourses on Business Improvement Districts in Cape Town and Hamburg - Michel, Boris (Urban Geography, 2013)

Loewes Weltraumlexikon. Bindlach 1986 - Hübner, Thomas (1987)

Long-term decrease in Asian monsoon rainfall and abrupt climate change events over the past 6,700 years - Yang, Bao; Qin, Chun; Bräuning, Achim; Osborn, Timothy J.; Trouet, Valerie; Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Esper, Jan; Schneider, Lea; Grießinger, Jussi; Büntgen, Ulf; Rossi, Sergio; Dong, Guanghui; et al. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021)
Asian summer monsoon (ASM) variability and its long-term ecological and societal impacts extending back to Neolithic times are poorly understood due to a lack of high-resolution climate proxy data. Here, we present a precisely dated and well-calibrated tree-ring stable isotope chronology from the Tibetan Plateau with 1- to 5-y resolution that reflects high- to low-frequency ASM variability from 4680 BCE to 2011 CE. Superimposed on a persistent drying trend since the mid-Holocene, a rapid decrease in moisture availability between ∼2000 and ∼1500 BCE caused a dry hydroclimatic regime from ∼1675 to ∼1185 BCE, with mean precipitation estimated at 42 ± 4% and 5 ± 2% lower than during the mid-Holocene and the instrumental period, respectively. This second-millennium–BCE megadrought marks the mid-to late Holocene transition, during which regional forests declined and enhanced aeolian activity affected northern Chinese ecosystems. We argue that this abrupt aridification starting ∼2000 BCE contributed to the shift of Neolithic cultures in northern China and likely triggered human migration and societal transformation.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-08-06
Keywords: Tree rings | stable isotopes | climate variability | megadrought | Asian summer monsoon

Long-term growth trends of Abies delavayi and its physiological responses to a warming climate in the Cangshan Mountains, southwestern China - Yang, Rao Qiong; Zhao, Fan; Fan, Ze Xin; Panthi, Shankar; Fu, Pei Li; Bräuning, Achim; Grießinger, Jussi; Li, Zong Shan (Forest Ecology and Management, 2022)
Long-term tree growth trends and physiological responses to environmental changes, i.e., climate warming, and the rise of atmospheric [CO2] (Ca), need to be investigated across diverse forest ecosystems. We detected long-term trends in tree growth and δ13C derived intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) of Abies delavayi in the Cangshan Mountains, at its southern distribution edge in the Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China. We applied a dual-isotopic approach (δ13C, δ18O) to detect the shifts of tree physiological responses (photosynthetic, stomatal conductance) from colder to warmer conditions. Annual basal area increment (BAI) of A. delavayi in the Cangshan Mountains was decreasing since the 1950s, whilst the declining trend of tree growth was not obvious during the earlier period (1800–1951) after removing tree age- and size-related growth signals. Tree growth correlated negatively with temperatures and positively with relative humidity and self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) during the early growing season (February to June), indicating a predominant growth limitation by moisture availability. Leaf inter-cellular [CO2] (Ci) derived from tree-ring δ13C of A. delavayi increased over time, with a rate slower than atmospheric Ca rise, resulting in a decrease in the Ci/Ca ratio. Intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) was increasing, especially after the 1950s. Dual-isotopic analyses revealed a reduction of stomatal conductance and stable or declined photosynthetic assimilation under warmer and drier environmental conditions. Recent growth decline of A. delavayi in the Cangshan Mountains was mainly related to the increase of warming-mediated drought stress and the resulting stomatal closure, while a positive effect of CO2 fertilization was diminished under warming and drying environmental conditions. Our results serve as an early warning for tree growth and productivity of A. delavayi forests at the southern distribution limits under the ongoing warming climate.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-12-24
Keywords: Abies delavayi; Climate change; Growth trends; Hengduan Mountains; Stable isotopes; Tree rings

Long-term wood anatomical time series of two ecologically contrasting tropical tree species reveal differential hydraulic adjustment to climatic stress - Islam, Mahmuda; Rahman, Mizanur; Bräuning, Achim (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2019)
Trees can adjust their hydraulic architecture by adjusting vessel size and frequency in response to stressful environmental condition. Little is known about the long term adjustment of tropical moist forest trees to changing environment. Here we develop the standard chronologies of seven vessel features and radial growth of two ecologically contrasting South Asian moist forest trees, Toona ciliata M. Roem. and Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. and evaluate their hydraulic response to short term climate variability and long term climate variations. Measurements of vessel variables were performed on digital microscopic images. Standard dendrochronological procedure were applied to develop vessel and ring-width chronologies. Relationships among the chronologies and their interaction with climate variables were assessed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), bootstrap correlations and moving correlations. Pre-monsoon temperature negatively influenced ring-width (RW) and positively influenced vessel density (VD) in T. ciliata. Mean vessel area (MVA) was negatively related with prior year monsoon temperature. In L. speciosa, previous year temperatures and precipitation showed strong correlations with vessel features and radial growth in the following growing season, probably due to carbon carry over effects. Current year October precipitation was positively related with MVA in both species. Differences in functional traits might have caused the observed variation in hydraulic strategies between the two study species. Our analyses suggest that cellular dendrochronology can be used to understand the long-term hydraulic responses of functionally different moist forest trees to climatic changes which is relevant for forest management under changing climate conditions.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-05-21
Keywords: Bangladesh; Cellular dendrochronology; Functional traits; Hydraulic conductivity; Tropical moist forests; Xylem vessel features

Losskarn, Dieter: Namibia. 5., aktualisierte Aufl. Ostfildern 2018 - Hübner, Thomas (2019)

L´Union Européenne a-t-elle une politique de développement des métropoles? - Chilla, Tobias (Bulletin de l´Association de Géographies Français, 2012)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2012.nat.dgeo.IG.pgeog.lunion

Luxemburg in Europa – Prominente Position eine kleinen Staates - Chilla, Tobias (Atlas du Luxembourg/Luxemburg-Atlas, 2009)

Machbarkeitsstudie Grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit „Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg – Westböhmen“ / Studie proveditelnosti preshranicní „Evropská metropolitní oblast Norimberk – Zapadní Cechy“ - Chilla, Tobias; Weidinger, Tobias (2014)

Macro-regional Strategies: Agents of Europeanization and Rescaling? - Stead, Dominic; Sielker, Franziska; Chilla, Tobias (A Macro-regional Europe in the Making. Theoretical Approaches and Empirical Evidence, 2016)

Main-Radweg : 18 Tagesetappen für Genießer von den Mainquellen nach Mainz. München 2009 - Hübner, Thomas (2010)

Making connections in a tough data scene - Walker, Blake (Canadian Geographer-Geographe Canadien, 2016)

Making Mount Kilimanjaro German: Nation building and heroic masculinity in the colonial geographies of Hans Meyer - Michel, Boris (Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2019)
In 1885, as Germany claimed dominion over what was to become German East Africa, Mount Kilimanjaro became the highest German mountain; in 1889, the German geographer Hans Meyer was the first European to reach its summit. The "conquest" of Kilimanjaro was more than just one man's heroic adventure; it was an event that brought together Geography, the building of the German nation and European imperialism. This paper seeks to explore Hans Meyer's production of geographical knowledge about Kilimanjaro and the way in which the geographical gaze of one man gave rise to an object at which others could gaze and about which they could read. Building on scholarship on exploration, field work in Colonial Geography, and the production of the geographical self, the paper follows Meyer to the field in colonial German East Africa, and back to academia, publishing houses and public talks in Germany. In so doing, the paper encounters not only the production of knowledge about Physical Geography, the messiness of fieldwork and a wide range of technologies of observation and recording, but also the production of the white, male and German geographer as a trustworthy witness.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2019-08-16

Makroregionale Strategien der EU und soft spaces - Perspektiven an der Donau - Sielker, Franziska (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2012)
Keywords: Donauraum; Europa; Governance; Makroregionale Strategie Raumordnung

Makroregionale Strategien in Europa – Eine Einführung in die EU-Donauraumstrategie - Sielker, Franziska (Raumplanung, 2012)
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2012.nat.dgeo.IG.zentr.makror

Malta : Gozo, Comino. 7., komplett überarbeitete und aktualisierte Auflage. Erlangen 2016 - Hübner, Thomas (2016)

Manifestations of exclusion and inclusion. Historical and current perspectives on refugee reception in rural Bavaria - Weidinger, Tobias; Kordel, Stefan (Alpine Refugees. Immigration at the Core of Europe, 2019)
Keywords: Rural areas; Refugees; Inclusion; Exclusion; Housing; Employment; Social connections

„Man sieht es und hört es und fühlt es, dass man in einer ungeheuren Maschine steckt, in der seltsamsten, welche je die Menschen erfunden haben“. Zur Geschichte der Stadtgeographie vor 1945 und zur Frage von Geographie und Antimodernismus. - Michel, Boris (Berichte. Geographie und Landeskunde, 2016)

Mapping an invasive bryophyte species using hyperspectral remote sensing data - Skowronek, Sandra; Ewald, Michael; Isermann, Maike; Van De Kerchove, Ruben; Lenoir, Jonathan; Aerts, Raf; Warrie, Jens; Hattab, Tarek; Honnay, Olivier; Schmidtlein, Sebastian; Rocchini, Duccio; Somers, Ben; et al. (Biological Invasions, 2017)
Reliable distribution maps are crucial for the management of invasive plant species. An alternative to traditional field surveys is the use of remote sensing data, which allows coverage of large areas. However, most remote sensing studies on invasive plant species focus on mapping large stands of easily detectable study species. In this study, we used hyperspectral remote sensing data in combination with field data to derive a distribution map of an invasive bryophyte species, Campylopus introflexus, on the island of Sylt in Northern Germany. We collected plant cover data on 57 plots to calibrate the model and presence/absence data of C. introflexus on another 150 plots for independent validation. We simultaneously acquired airborne hyperspectral (APEX) images during summer 2014, providing 285 spectral bands. We used a Maxent modelling approach to map the distribution of C. introflexus. Although C. introflexus is a small and inconspicuous species, we were able to map its distribution with an overall accuracy of 75 %. Reducing the sampling effort from 57 to 7 plots, our models performed fairly well until sampling effort dropped below 12 plots. The model predicts that C. introflexus is present in about one quarter of the pixels in our study area. The highest percentage of C. introflexus is predicted in the dune grassland. Our findings suggest that hyperspectral remote sensing data have the potential to provide reliable information about the degree of bryophyte invasion, and thus provide an alternative to traditional field mapping approaches over large areas.
Keywords: Campylopus introflexus; Dunes; Heathland; Imaging spectroscopy; Maxent; Moss

Mapping continuous fields of forest alpha and beta diversity - Feilhauer, Hannes; Schmidtlein, Sebastian (Applied Vegetation Science, 2009)
Question: How to map continuous fields of forest alpha and beta diversity in remote areas, based on easily accessible spatial data. Location: Kyrgyzstan/Central Asia. Methods: The study relied on a combination of predictive mapping and remote sensing. Punctual measurements of alpha diversity were linked to topography and reflectance using regression models. For beta diversity, ordination techniques were employed, to extract major vegetation gradients. Scores on the ordination axes were regressed against topography as well as reflectance and subsequently mapped. Beta diversity was mapped, as spatial turnover rate along these axes. Results: The diversity maps quantified species counts and turnover in a spatially contiguous manner while taking into account fuzzy transitions. The variance explained by regression models ranged from 51% to 61% in cross-validation. Many of the observed differences were caused by differences in species shares. The occurrence of walnut, in particular, showed a negative relation to woody species numbers. Conclusion: Mapping biodiversity in remote areas can be based on easily accessible spatial data in combination with a set of calibration field samples. With regard to human influence on walnut dominance, a total removal of human, land use would be counterproductive in terms of diversity conservation. The results of this study highlight the need for comprehensive analyses of diversity patterns that include spatially contiguous quantifications of species numbers, shares and turnover rates. © 2009 International Association for Vegetation Science.
Keywords: Diversity gradients; Diversity maps; Kyrgyzstan; Partial least squares regression; Predictive mapping; Species turnover; Walnut-fruit forests

Mapping imperviousness using linear spectral unmixing of ASTER data in the Cologne-Bonn region (Germany) - Braun, Matthias; et al. (SPIE Remote Sensing Europe, 2003)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2003.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.mappin

Mapping of arthropod alpha and beta diversity in heterogeneous arctic-alpine ecosystems - Hein, Nils; Löffler, Jörg; Feilhauer, Hannes (Ecological Informatics, 2019)
Assessing biodiversity in arctic-alpine ecosystems is a costly task. We test in the current study whether we can map the spatial patterns of spider alpha and beta diversity using remotely-sensed surface reflectance and topography in a heterogeneous alpine environment in Central Norway. This proof-of-concept study may provide a tool for an assessment of arthropod communities in remote study areas. Data on arthropod species distribution and richness were collected through pitfall trapping and subjected to a detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) to extract the main species composition gradients. The DCA axis scores as indicators of species composition as well as trap species richness were regressed against a combined data set of surface reflectance as measured by the Sentinel-2 satellite and topographical parameters extracted from a digital elevation model. The models were subsequently applied to the spatial data set to achieve a pixel-wise prediction of both species richness and position in the DCA space. The spatial variation in the modelled DCA scores was used to draw conclusions regarding spider beta-diversity. The species composition was described with two DCA axes that were characterized by post hoc-defined indicator species, which showed a typical annidation in the arctic-alpine environment under study. The fits of the regression models for the DCA axes and species richness ranged from R2 = 0.25 up to R2 = 0.62. The resulting maps show strong gradients in alpha and beta diversity across the study area. Our results indicate that the diversity patterns of spiders can at least partially be explained by means of remotely sensed data. Our approach would likely benefit from the additional use of high resolution aerial photography and LiDAR data and may help to improve conservation strategies in arctic-alpine ecosystems.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-10-29
Keywords: Araneae; Digital elevation model (DEM); Predictive mapping; Remote sensing; Sentinel-2; Tundra

Mapping Places of Encounter: An Integrative Methodological Approach to Understanding Social Inclusion - Spenger, David; Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias (International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2023)
Physical places of encounter are nodes of social interaction in which moments of social inclusion and exclusion crystallize. On a methodological level, meeting places have in the past usually been associated either with firmly established spatial arrangements or with situational opportunities of encounter. Acknowledging the complexity of places of encounter and developing further a spatio-visual mapping tool conducted in various research projects on local inclusion of newcomers, we propose an integrative research approach to capturing, mapping and analyzing places of encounter via four dimensions: level of institutionalization, level of intentionality, level of inclusion and horizontal and vertical scale. The proposed place-based approach holds the chance to explicitly take into account a spatial perspective in the analysis of social interactions. Thus, it goes beyond mere network analysis, but is able to capture the socio-spatial conditions of encounters as pre-configurations of further social dynamics. In doing so, we address not only the methodological gap in research but also the practical relevance for identifying and evaluating locally important meeting places. More specifically, as part of a qualitative interview, the mapping tool can enable the participation of people whose voices are seldom heard, while the inclusion of multiple perspectives on places of encounter may facilitate local governance processes in the social realm.<br
Keywords: Places of encounter; meeting places; social inclusion; mapping; qualitative research

Mapping plant functional groups in subalpine grassland of the Greater Caucasus - Magiera, Anja; Feilhauer, Hannes; Waldhardt, Rainer; Wiesmair, Martin; Otte, Annette (Mountain Research and Development, 2018)

Mapping plant strategy types and derivatives with imaging spectroscopy - Feilhauer, Hannes; Schmidtlein, Sebastian (2012 32nd IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2012, 2012)
The CSR-strategy model is frequently drawn upon to describe plant functional types as three major strategies. These main strategies reflect the productivity of a stand and the disturbance level at the site. Monitoring of their spatial distribution may provide insights into vital ecosystem processes and functions. In the present study we test whether the spatial distribution of these strategies can be mapped with imaging spectroscopy and whether the maps and derivatives thereof provide meaningful ecological information. The test was implemented in a semi-natural heathland with a statistical approach (Partial Least Squares regression). Our results show that strategy mapping is possible and substantiate the potential of imaging spectroscopy for ecosystem research and management. © 2012 IEEE.
Keywords: biodiversity; ecosystems hyperspectral sensors; remote sensing

Mapping plant strategy types using remote sensing - Schmidtlein, Sebastian; Feilhauer, Hannes; Bruelheide, Helge (Journal of Vegetation Science, 2012)
Aims: The three-strategy (CSR) model proposed by Grime constitutes one of the most established systems for plant functional types. The primary strategies (competitive ability, adaptation to severe stress and adaptation to disturbance) relate to the productivity and level of disturbance at a given site. Accordingly, their change in space and time may serve as an illustration and measure of key processes such as succession, eutrophication and habitat shift. Here, we make use of the known links between the three primary strategies to traits with potential relevance for canopy reflectance, and test whether remote sensing is able to reproduce the spatial pattern of strategy types. Location: A raised bog and minerotrophic fen complex, Murnauer Moos, Germany. Methods: Field data on the distribution of plant strategies in sample plots were regressed against canopy reflectance using partial least squares regression. The resulting models were validated and applied to airborne hyperspectral imagery on a per pixel basis. The resulting local maps for each strategy type and their combined representation in an RGB colour composite were interpreted in terms of plant species composition and environmental constraints. Results: All three primary strategy types could be mapped using remote sensing. Reflectance spectra related to competitive ability and adaptation to severe stress suggest that typical traits linked to these strategies exerted a direct influence. On the other hand, species with low cover values played a decisive role for the strength of the statistical relationship between reflectance and strategies. Because these species have a low impact on canopy reflectance, their contribution is better explained by their role as proxies for covarying variables such as the total cover of dead plant material. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the potential to detect community strategy type composition using hyperspectral remote sensing, providing direct insights into spatial ecological patterns. By illustrating the exposure to stress, competition and disturbance, the derived maps of functional traits are potentially useful for applications in nature management and for the monitoring of functional shifts in ecosystems. As a next step, they can be easily combined into maps of functional diversity. Upcoming satellites with higher spectral resolution will improve access to this kind of spatial information. © 2011 International Association for Vegetation Science.
Keywords: Ecosystem functioning; Functional diversity; Functional pattern; Hyperspectral; Imaging spectroscopy; Plant functional types; Plant traits

Mapping pollination types with remote sensing - Feilhauer, Hannes; Doktor, Daniel; Schmidtlein, Sebastian; Skidmore, Andrew (Journal of Vegetation Science, 2016)

Mapping raised bogs with an iterative one-class classification approach - Mack, Benjamin; Roscher, Ribana; Stenzel, Stefanie; Feilhauer, Hannes; Schmidtlein, Sebastian; Waske, Björn (Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2016)

Mapping the local variability of Natura 2000 habitats with remote sensing - Feilhauer, Hannes; Dahlke, Carola; Doktor, Daniel; Lausch, Angela; Schmidtlein, Sebastian; Schulz, Gundel; Stenzel, Stefanie (Applied Vegetation Science, 2014)
Questions: Can we map both discrete Natura 2000 habitat types and their floristic variability using multispectral remote sensing data? How do these data perform compared to full range imaging spectroscopy data? Which spectral and spatial characteristics of remote sensing data are important for accurate mapping of habitats and their variability? Location: A mire complex in Bavaria, southern Germany. Methods: To compare the performance of imaging spectroscopy and multispectral remote sensing data, airborne spectroscopy data (AISA Dual) were spectrally and spatially resampled to the characteristics of two state-of-the-art multispectral sensors (RapidEye and Sentinel-2), resulting in three data sets with different spectral and spatial resolution. Based on the three data sets, we used a combination of field surveys, ordination techniques (non-metric multidimensional scaling), as well as regression and classification techniques (Random Forests) to derive maps of the distribution of Natura 2000 habitat types and their compositional variability. Subsequently, we analysed effects of the spatial and spectral image resolution and spectral coverage on the mapping performance. Results: Mire habitat types and their floristic composition could be accurately mapped with multispectral remote sensing data. In the case of accentuated floristic differences between habitats, the fits of the models for the three sensors differed only marginally. These effects and the importance of the spatial resolution are discussed. Conclusions: The results are encouraging and confirm that multispectral data may allow the combined mapping of discrete habitats and their local variability. Still, questions with respect to the transferability of the approach to habitat types with less pronounced spectral differences, and with regard to bridging the gap between fine-scale vegetation records and coarse resolution imagery remain open.
Keywords: Conservation; Continuous fields; Imaging spectroscopy; Mire; Multispectral; Ordination; Poor fen; Raised bog

Marathon im All : die einzigartige Reise des Raumschiffes Voyager 2. Braunschweig 1989 - Hübner, Thomas (1990)

Marsfieber : Aufbruch zum roten Planeten ; Phantasie und Wirklichkeit / Rainer Eisfeld ; Wolfgang Jeschke. München 2003 - Hübner, Thomas (2004)

Mars : unser geheimnisvoller Nachbar ; vom antiken Mythos zur bemannten Mission. Basel 1992 - Hübner, Thomas (1992)

Martin, Dorothea: New York : Stadtabenteuer. Erlangen 2020 - Hübner, Thomas (2020)

Mass and enthalpy budget evolution during the surge of a polythermal glacier: A test of theory - Benn, Douglas I.; Jones, Robert L.; Luckman, Adrian; Fürst, Johannes; Hewitt, Ian; Sommer, Christian (Journal of Glaciology, 2019)
Analysis of a recent surge of Morsnevbreen, Svalbard, is used to test predictions of the enthalpy balance theory of surging. High-resolution time series of velocities, ice thickness and crevasse distribution allow key elements of the enthalpy (internal energy) budget to be quantified for different stages of the surge cycle. During quiescence (1936-1990), velocities were very low, and geothermal heat slowly built-up enthalpy at the bed. Measurable mass transfer and frictional heating began in 1990-2010, then positive frictional heating-velocity feedbacks caused gradual acceleration from 2010 to 2015. Rapid acceleration occurred in summer 2016, when extensive crevassing and positive air temperatures allowed significant surface to bed drainage. The surge front reached the terminus in October 2016, coincident with a drop in velocities. Ice plumes in the fjord are interpreted as discharge of large volumes of supercooled water from the bed. Surge termination was prolonged, however, indicating persistence of an inefficient drainage system. The observations closely match predictions of the theory, particularly build-up of enthalpy from geothermal and frictional heat, and surface meltwater, and the concomitant changes in ice-surface elevation and velocity. Additional characteristics of the surge reflect spatial processes not represented in the model, but can be explained with respect to enthalpy gradients.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-09-17
Keywords: Arctic glaciology; glacier surges; ice dynamics

Mass balance and area changes of glaciers in the Cordillera Real and Tres Cruces, Bolivia, between 2000 and 2016 - Seehaus, Thorsten; Malz, Philipp; Sommer, Christian; Soruco, Alvaro; Rabatel, Antoine; Braun, Matthias (Journal of Glaciology, 2020)

Mass changes of the northern Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet derived from repeat bi-static synthetic aperture radar acquisitions for the period 2013–2017 - Seehaus, Thorsten; Sommer, Christian; Dethinne, Thomas; Malz, Philipp (Cryosphere, 2023)
Some of the highest specific mass change rates in Antarctica are reported for the Antarctic Peninsula. However, the existing estimates for the northern Antarctic Peninsula (<70∘ S) are either spatially limited or are affected by considerable uncertainties. The complex topography, frequent cloud cover, limitations in ice thickness information, boundary effects, and uncertain glacial–isostatic adjustment estimates affect the ice sheet mass change estimates using altimetry, gravimetry, or the input-output method. Within this study, the first assessment of the geodetic mass balance throughout the ice sheet of the northern Antarctic Peninsula is carried out employing bi-static synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the TanDEM-X satellite mission. Repeat coverages from the austral winters of 2013 and 2017 are employed. Overall, coverage of 96.4 % of the study area by surface elevation change measurements and a total mass budget of Gt a−1 are revealed. The spatial distribution of the surface elevation and mass changes points out that the former ice shelf tributary glaciers of the Prince Gustav Channel, Larsen A and B, and Wordie ice shelves are the hotspots of ice loss in the study area and highlights the long-lasting dynamic glacier adjustments after the ice shelf break-up events. The highest mass change rate is revealed for the Airy–Seller–Fleming glacier system at Gt a−1, and the highest average surface elevation change rate of m a−1 is observed at Drygalski Glacier. The comparison of the ice mass budget with anomalies in the climatic mass balance indicates, that for wide parts of the southern section of the study area, the mass changes can be partly attributed to changes in the climatic mass balance. However, imbalanced high ice discharge drives the overall ice loss. The previously reported connection between mid-ocean warming along the southern section of the west coast and increased frontal glacier recession does not repeat in the pattern of the observed glacier mass losses, excluding in Wordie Bay. The obtained results provide information on ice surface elevation and mass changes for the entire northern Antarctic Peninsula on unprecedented spatially detailed scales and with high precision and will be beneficial for subsequent analysis and modeling.<br

Maß und Messbarkeit von Alltag. Alltag zwischen Transformation und Kontinuität in der Erwerbslosigkeit - Orlowski, Benedikt Marko (2010)
Folgt man den Ansichten klassischer und aktueller Studien zu den sozialen Implikationen von  Erwerbslosigkeit und betrachtet dem gegenüber den öffentlichen DIskurs zur Thematik Arbeitslosigkeit, so ergibt sich offenbar ein schwieriges Spannungsfeld mit dem Menschen in der Arbeitslosigkeit konfrontiert sind: Während langanhaltende Arbeitslosigkeit eine reale Bedrohung für die ökonomische, soziale und gesundheitliche Lebensqualität darstellt, setzt die „Faulenzerdebatte“ mit ihren diskriminierenden Zügen unter sozialen Druck. In der Arbeit beschäftigt sich der Autor aus einer sozialgeographischen Perspektive mit diesem Spannungsfeld und jenen Menschen, die mit ihm tagtäglich konfrontiert sind. Die Studie verfolgt das Ziel, Erwerbslosigkeit als eine besondere „Krisensituation des Alltags“ genauer zu beschreiben und zu verstehen. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, was „Alltag“ eigentlich genau bedeutet (auch im Sinne einer Geographischen Perspektive) und wie sich Erwerbslosigkeit auf den Bezug von Mensch, Alltag und Raum auswirkt. Die empirische Untersuchung zu dieser Arbeit soll daher einen Einblick in die konkrete Lebensrealität einer – wie sich zeigen wird – besonders benachteiligten Gruppe erwerbsloser Personen geben: „Ältere“ Menschen ohne Arbeit.
Keywords: Arbeitslosigkeit; Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit; Erwerbslosigkeit; Alltag; Raum; Zeitgeographie; Aktionsraumsforschung; Tagebücher

Materialität - Glasze, Georg (DiskursNetz. Wörterbuch der interdisziplinären Diskursforschung, 2014)

Materialität und Performanz im Prozess der Regionalisierung einer Dorfidentität. Die Büchenbacher Kirchweih - Geiselhart, Klaus (Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 2008)
Die Büchenbacher Kirchweih ist eine typische traditionelle Veranstaltung, wie sie in vielen Dörfern stattfindet. Oft wird nach historischen Wurzeln des Brauchtums gefragt und untersucht, seit wann bestimmte Bräuche ausgeführt werden. Chroniken, Photographien, Beobachtungen und Zeitzeugen werden als Quellen herangezogen. Ferner kann man die Ereignisse persönlich besuchen und Beobachtungen oder auch teilnehmende Beobachtungen anstellen. In der Kulturwissenschaft bestand lange der Konsens, dass diese ganz unterschiedlichen Quellen als Texte verstanden werden können. Kultur wird demnach als ein System von Bedeutungen begriffen. Semiotische Theorien haben bei solchen Zugängen einen hohen Stellenwert. Es wird nach kulturellen Chiffren gesucht, die das traditionelle Erbe erkennbar machen und das Ziel derartiger Arbeiten ist es, eine schlüssige Interpretation der Geschehnisse zu geben. In diesem Artikel wird der Blick umgekehrt und gefragt, ob nicht im Unplanmäßigen und der daraus folgenden Unberechenbarkeit die identitätsstiftende Wirkung der traditionellen Aktivitäten zu suchen ist. Ein derartiger Perspektivenwechsel wird gerade unter dem Label „performative Turn“ erprobt. Diese Arbeit versucht raumbezogene Identität von der Empirie aus zu beleuchten, aus einer anwendungsorientierten Perspektive eine sozialwissenschaftliche Arbeitsdefinition von Performanz und Materialität zu entwickeln und diese gleichzeitig zu erproben.
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2008.nat.dgeo.IG.zentr.materi
Keywords: Performativität; Semiotik; raumbezogene Identität

MATILDE toolbox: methods to assess migration impact in rural and mountain areas (= Deliverable 2.7 of MATILDE project) - Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias; Spenger, David (2022)

Mayer, Alexander: Aufgewachsen in Fürth in den 40er und 50er Jahren. Gudensberg-Gleichen 2018 - Hübner, Thomas (2019)

Mayer, Wolfgang: Ochsen, Zimt und Bratwurstduft : ein kulturgeschichtlicher Streifzug durch Nürnbergs kulinarische Vergangenheit. Regensburg 2023 - Hübner, Thomas (2023)

May–June drought reconstruction over the past 821 years on the south-central Tibetan Plateau derived from tree-ring width series - He, Minhui; Bräuning, Achim; Grießinger, Jussi; Hochreuther, Philipp; Wernicke, Jakob (Dendrochronologia, 2018)
Keywords: Tibetan Plateau; Tree-ring width; Drought variability; South Asian summer monsoon

Measuring and inferring the ice thickness distribution of four glaciers in the Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan - Van Tricht, Lander; Huybrechts, Philippe; Van Breedam, Jonas; Fürst, Johannes; Rybak, Oleg; Satylkanov, Rysbek; Ermenbaiev, Bakyt; Popovnin, Victor; Neyns, Robbe; Paice, Chloë Marie; Malz, Philipp (Journal of Glaciology, 2021)
Glaciers in the Tien Shan mountains contribute considerably to the fresh water used for irrigation, households and energy supply in the dry lowland areas of Kyrgyzstan and its neighbouring countries. To date, reconstructions of the current ice volume and ice thickness distribution remain scarce, and accurate data are largely lacking at the local scale. Here, we present a detailed ice thickness distribution of Ashu-Tor, Bordu, Golubin and Kara-Batkak glaciers derived from radio-echo sounding measurements and modelling. All the ice thickness measurements are used to calibrate three individual models to estimate the ice thickness in inaccessible areas. A cross-validation between modelled and measured ice thickness for a subset of the data is performed to attribute a weight to every model and to assemble a final composite ice thickness distribution for every glacier. Results reveal the thickest ice on Ashu-Tor glacier with values up to 201 ± 12 m. The ice thickness measurements and distributions are also compared with estimates composed without the use of in situ data. These estimates approach the total ice volume well, but local ice thicknesses vary substantially.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-04-02
Keywords: glacier volume; ice thickness measurements; Key words Glacier mapping; mountain glaciers; radio-echo sounding

Measuring the added-value of the EUSDR - challenges and opportunities - Chilla, Tobias; Sielker, Franziska (2016)
This year marks the fifth anniversary of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region (EUSDR) endorsed in 2011 by the European Council. With its introduction, a new type of cooperation arose in the Danube Region. The cooperation’s main goals are to better connect the region, protect the environment, build prosperity and strengthen institutional capacity and security.In our paper we present slightly provocative postulates to stimulate discussions – one postulate focusses on the evaluation challenge as such, three postulates concentrate on the specific added value in MRS contexts. We conclude with a view on possible future steps.
Keywords: regional policy; macro-regional strategies; Danube region

Measuring β-diversity by remote sensing: a challenge for biodiversity monitoring. - Rocchini, Duccio; Luque, Sandra; Pettorelli, Nathalie; Bastin, Lucy; Doktor, Daniel; Faedi, Nicolo; Feilhauer, Hannes; Feret, Jean-Baptiste; Foody, Giles M.; Gavish, Yoni; Godinho, Sergio; Kunin, William E.; et al. (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2018)

Mehr „Quantitatives zur quantitativen und theoretischen Revolution in der deutschsprachigen Geographie“ - Paulus, Katharina (Berichte. Geographie und Landeskunde, 2022)
In the self-description of German-speaking geography, the late 1960s are regarded as a time when an epistemic rupture occurred that made a 'revolutionary' transformation of the discipline's methodological and conceptual orientation inevitable. Disciplinary historiography often places the student rebellion against the regional studies (“Länderkunde”) paradigm and the old institutions at the centre of the narrative, probably most prominently in the commemoration of the Geographers' Day in Kiel in 1969. This paper explores how fundamental changes in the epistemology of a discipline can be traced and narrated without relying on major events and the biographies of individual researchers. Therefore, in this historical review of the quantitative-theoretical turn in German geography, the transition from regional studies to quantitative and applied research is analysed in terms of citation patterns. With the historical network analysis, an approach was chosen that does not focus on individual persons, but analyses different actors and their connections to each other. With the help of a network of citations of German-speaking geographers in the four main geographic journals of the postwar period (Erdkunde, Die Erde, Geographica Helvetica, and Geographische Zeitschrift), the developments will be visualized and discussed more broadly.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-06-03
Keywords: Historical Network Analysis; History of Geography; Quantitative Revolution

Mehr wissen über Technik. Würzburg 1993 - Hübner, Thomas (1994)

Mein Aischgrund : rund um Aurach, Aisch und Reiche Ebrach / von Helmut Haberkamm und Erich Weiß. Bamberg 2002 - Hübner, Thomas (2003)

Mein erstes Technikbuch. Ravensburg 1996 - Hübner, Thomas (1996)

Mental Maps - Glasze, Georg (Methoden-Lexikon für die Sozialwissenschaften, 2015)

Merlins Reise durch das Universum : alles über Kometen, Planeten, Quasare, blaue Monde und Werwölfe. München 1997 - Hübner, Thomas (1998)

Merlins Reise zur Erde : neue Fragen und Antworten zum Universum. München 1999 - Hübner, Thomas (1999)

Mesoscale atmospheric circulation controls of local meteorological elevation gradients on Kersten Glacier near Kilimanjaro summit - Mölg, Thomas; R. Hardy, Douglas; Collier, Emily; Kropac, Elena; Schmid, Christina; J. Cullen, Nicolas; Kaser, Georg; Prinz, Rainer; Winkler, Michael (Earth System Dynamics, 2020)
Elevation gradients of meteorological variables in mountains are of interest to a number of scientific disciplines and often required as parameters in modeling frameworks. Measurements of such gradients on glaciers, however, are particularly scarce and strongly skewed towards the midlatitudes and valley glaciers. This article adds a tropical perspective and presents 4 years of overlapping measurements at 5603 and 5873m on Kersten Glacier, Kilimanjaro (East Africa), between 2009 and 2013. Mean gradients in near-surface air temperature (T ), water vapor pressure (VP), and snow accumulation (ACC) per 100m elevation are 0:75 C, 0:16 hPa, and 11416mmw.e. yr1, respectively. An intriguing feature is a strong diurnal cycle of the T and VP gradients, which are (depending on season) 2-4 times larger between early and late morning than in the hours of weak gradients. The ACC decrease with elevation, furthermore, is mostly the result of a lower recorded frequency of ACC events at the upper measurement site and not due to contrasting amounts at the two altitudes during events. A novel facet of our study is the linking of measured on-glacier gradients to a high-resolution atmospheric modeling data set, which reveals the importance of the mesoscale atmospheric circulation. A thermally direct circulation is established over the mountain in response to diabatic surface heating or cooling with upslope flow during the day and downslope flow in the night. This persistent circulation communicates heat and moisture changes in the lowlands to the higher elevations during morning and early afternoon, which is evident in the advection patterns of potential temperature and VP, and shapes the time variability in gradients as recorded by our weather stations on the glacier. A few local processes seem to matter as well (glacier sublimation, turbulent heat fluxes), yet they show a secondary influence only during limited time windows. Atmospheric model data also demonstrate that declining moist entropy and water vapor fluxes in the summit zone favor formation of the negative ACC gradient. The results extend the empirical basis of elevation gradients in high mountains, in particular over glacier surfaces, by the unusual case of a slope glacier on an equatorial, free-standing massif. Our measurement-model link, moreover, demonstrates an approach for future studies to put observations of elevation gradients more systematically in a multiscale process context.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-08-21

Messarius, Gernot: Fichtelgebirge : mit Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Hof und Steinwald. Berlin 2019 - Hübner, Thomas (2020)

Methoden und Probleme paläoökologischer Forschung in Gebirgen Hochasiens - Bräuning, Achim (Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen, 2002)
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2002.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.method

Methodischer Ansatz zur ökosystemaren Rekonstruktion anhand landschaftshaushaltlicher und dendroökologischer Untersuchungen im norwegischen Hochgebirge - Bär, Annette; Bräuning, Achim; Löffler, Jörg (Bedeutung von Langzeitbeobachtungen im Ökosystem, Reader 21, 2004)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-16:Pub.2004.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.method

Methodological Approaches to Analyze Climate-Growth-Relationships in Trees - Volland, Franziska; Pucha Cofrep, Darwin; Bräuning, Achim; Ganzhi, Oswaldo; Cueva, Eduardo; Peters, Thorsten; Spannl, Susanne (2008)
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2008.nat.dgeo.IG.zentr.method

Methodological approach for dendroecological analysis of dwarf shrubs - A contribution to ecosystem reconstructions in the Norwegian Scandes - Bär, Annette; Löffler, Jörg; Bräuning, Achim (TRACE - Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology, Vol. 4: Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2005 Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich, Reihe Umwelt, Vol. 61, 2006)
UnivIS-Import:2015-07-08:Pub.2006.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.method

Metroborder - Cross-border Polycentric Metropolitan Regions , ESPON & University of Luxembourg - Chilla, Tobias; Evrard, Estelle; Schulz, Christian; Decoville, Antoine; Durand, Frédéric; El Maslohi, Anasse; Sohn, Christophe; Walther, Olivier; Perlik, Manfred; Peeters, Didier; Vandermotten, Christian (., 2010)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-02:Pub.2010.nat.dgeo.IG.pgeog.metrob

Metropolregionen in grenzüberschreitenden Räumen - Chilla, Tobias; Evrard, Estelle; Schulz, Christian (Geographische Rundschau, 2010)
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2010.nat.dgeo.IG.pgeog.metrop

Metropolregion Nürnberg : Erlebniswegweiser ; 1000 Ausflugsziele für Freizeit & Urlaub ; Fernweh ganz nah in der Metropolregion Nürnberg / Bastian Böttner ; Markus Raupach. Kulmbach 2011 - Hübner, Thomas (2012)

Metzger, Pascal: Dutzendteich : Nürnbergs Freizeitareal. Nürnberg 2018 - Hübner, Thomas (2019)

Meyers Handbuch Weltall / von Joachim Krautter ... 7., völlig neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Mannheim 1994 - Hübner, Thomas (1995)

Micklitza, André: Slowakei. 5., komplett überarbeitete und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2019 - Hübner, Thomas (2020)

Micklitza, Kerstin: Polnische Ostküste : zwischen Oder und Frischem Haff. Berlin 2018 - Hübner, Thomas (2018)

Microbial reduction of Fe(III) and turnover of acetate in Hawaiian soils. - Bäumler, Rupert; et al. (Fems Microbiology Ecology, 2002)
Soils contain anoxic microzones, and acetate is an intermediate during the turnover of soil organic carbon. Due to negligible methanogenic activities in well-drained soils, acetate accumulates under experimentally imposed short-term anoxic conditions. In contrast to forest, agricultural, and prairie soils, grassland soils from Hawaii rapidly consumed rather than formed acetate when incubated under anoxic conditions. Thus, alternative electron acceptors that might be linked to the anaerobic oxidation of soil organic carbon in Hawaiian soils were assessed. Under anoxic conditions, high amounts of Fe(II) were formed by Hawaiian soils as soon as soils were depleted of nitrate. Rates of Fe(II) formation for different soils ranged from 0.01 to 0.31 μmol (g dry weight soil)-1 h-1, but were not positively correlated to increasing amounts of poorly crystallized iron oxides. In general, sulfate-reducing and methanogenic activities were negligible. Supplemental acetate was rapidly oxidized to CO2 via the sequential reduction of nitrate and Fe(III) in grassland soil (obtained near Kaena State Park). Supplemental H2 stimulated the formation of Fe(II), but H2-utilizing acetogens appeared to also be involved in the consumption of H2. Approximately 270 μmol Fe(III) (g dry weight soil)-1 was available for Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, and acetate became a stable end product when Fe(III) was depleted in long-term incubations. Most-probable-number estimates of H2- and acetate-utilizing Fe(III) reducers and of H2-utilizing acetogens were similar. These results indicate that (i) the microbial reduction of Fe(III) is an important electron-accepting process for the anaerobic oxidation of organic matter in Fe(III)-rich Hawaiian soils of volcanic origin, and (ii) acetate, formed by the combined activity of fermentative and acetogenic bacteria, is an important trophic link in anoxic microsites of these soils. © 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2002.nat.dgeo.IG.profes_1.microb
Keywords: Acetate; Acetogenesis; Fe(III) reduction; Volcanic soil

Middle and Late Holocene paleotemperatures reconstructed from oxygen isotopes and GDGTs of sediments from Lake Pupuke, New Zealand - Heyng, Alexander; Mayr, Christoph; Lücke, Andreas; Moschen, Robert; Wissel, Holger; Striewski, Bernd; Bauersachs, Thorsten (Quaternary international, 2015)
Quantitative Holocene temperature reconstructions for Southern Hemisphere terrestrial environments are still restricted to few records, and multi-proxy methods are rarely applied to the same system. Here, we test the applicability and comparability of temperature reconstructions inferred from different methodological approaches. We combined sedimentary cellulose and diatom oxygen isotope data from Lake Pupuke (North Island New Zealand) to derive a record of lake water temperatures. This record is complemented with mean annual air temperatures derived from the branched GDGT index MBT measured on the same sedimentary record. The datasets of both reconstructions show little temperature variation for the period 1320e7110 cal. BP. The exceptions are a warmer period culminating between 1700 and 1600 cal. BP reflected in both proxies and centennial-scale intervals with cooler water temperatures at 3380 and 2750 cal. BP recorded in the oxygen-isotope-based temperature reconstruction but not in the MBT-inferred air temperature estimates. We suggest that variations in lake circulation are the likely reason for deviations between temperature reconstructed from different proxies.
Keywords: Paleotemperatures; New Zealand; Holocene; Oxygen isotopes; Biogenic silica; Branched GDGTs

Migration als Verortungsstrategie Syrische Geflüchtete in Jordanien zwischen gesellschaftlicher Marginalisierung und der Hoffnung auf Deutschland - Kühnlein, Philipp; Glasze, Georg (Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 2023)
In dem Artikel wird die Entscheidung von syrischen Geflüchteten in Jordanien zur Migration nach Deutsch land in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 untersucht. Dabei wird die die These vertreten, dass neben den öko nomischen und sozialen Lebensumständen auch Prozesse der Identitätsbildung der Geflüchteten eine zentrale Rolle bei der Migrationsentscheidung spielen. Anhand von biographisch-narrativen Interviews mit syrischen Geflüchteten in Jordanien und Deutschland wird gezeigt, dass die Entscheidung zur Migration wesentlich durch Narrative über Orte eines „besseren Lebens“ beeinflusst wurde. Diese Narrative stehen in einem engen Zusammenhang mit einer kollektiv-geteilten Krise der Selbstwahrnehmung der befragten Personen, welche sich entwickelt hatte infolge der Kriegserfahrungen, ökonomischer Abhängigkeiten sowie der Stigmatisierung als „Flüchtling“ in Jordanien. Am Beispiel der Wahrnehmung Deutschlands als potenzielles Migrationsziel wird gezeigt, dass die Entscheidung zur Flucht nach Europa nicht allein als Konsequenz der schlechten Lebensbedingungen in Jordanien verstanden werden kann, sondern auch als eine kollektiv-geteilte und letztlich politische Strategie der aktiven Umgestaltung des eigenen Lebens.<br
Keywords: Migration; Syrien; Jordanien; Geflüchtete; Fluchtentscheidung; Verortung. Migrationsziel; Migrationsforschung

Migration-Development Nexus - Weidinger, Tobias (Report on Conceptual Frameworks on Migration Processes and Local Development in Rural and Mountain Areas (= Deliverable 2.4 of MATILDE project), 2020)

Migration Processes in European Rural and Mountain Areas - Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias (Classification of MATILDE Regions. Spatial Specificities and Third Country Nationals Distribution (= Deliverable 2.1 of MATILDE project), 2020)

MIPEX - Weidinger, Tobias (MATILDE toolbox: methods to assess migration impact in rural and mountain areas (= Deliverable 2.7 of MATILDE project), 2022)

Mission Jupiter : die spektakuläre Reise der Raumsonde Galileo. Basel 1998 - Hübner, Thomas (1999)

Mit Kindern in die Fränkische Schweiz : 25 Wandertouren ; Freizeitspaß für die ganze Familie. München 2007 - Hübner, Thomas (2008)

Mixed-species allometric equations and estimation of aboveground biomass and carbon stocks in restoring degraded landscape in northern Ethiopia - Mokria, Mulugeta; Mekuria, Wolde; Gebrekirstos, Aster; Aynekulu, Ermias; Belay, Beyene; Gashaw, Tadesse; Bräuning, Achim (Environmental Research Letters, 2018)
Accurate biomass estimation is critical to quantify the changes in biomass and carbon stocks following the restoration of degraded landscapes. However, there is lack of site-specific allometric equations for the estimation of aboveground biomass (AGB), which consequently limits our understanding of the contributions of restoration efforts in mitigating climate change. This study was conducted in northwestern Ethiopia to develop a multi-species allometric equation and investigate the spatial and temporal variation of C-stocks following the restoration of degraded landscapes. We harvested and weighed 84 trees from eleven dominant species from six grazing exclosures and adjacent communal grazing land. We observed that AGB correlates significantly with diameter at stump height D-30 (R-2 = 0.78; P<0.01), and tree height H (R-2 = 0.41, P<0.05). Our best model, which includes D-30 and H as predictors explained 82% of the variations in AGB. This model produced the lowest bias with narrow ranges of errors across different diameter classes. Estimated C-stock showed a significant positive correlation with stem density (R-2 = 0.80, P<0.01) and basal area (R-2 = 0.84, P<0.01). At the watershed level, the mean C-stock was 3.8 (+/- 0.5) MgCha(-1). Plot-level C-stocks varied between 0.1 and 13.7MgCha(-1). Estimated C-stocks in three-and seven-year-old exclosures exceeded estimated C-stock in the communal grazing land by 50%. The species that contribute most to C-stocks were Leucaena sp. (28%), Calpurnia aurea (21%), Euclea racemosa (20.9%), and Dodonaea angustifolia (15.8%). The equations developed in this study allow monitoring changes in C-stocks and C-sequestration following the implementation of restoration practices in northern Ethiopia over space and time. The estimated C-stocks can be used as a reference against which future changes in C-stocks can be compared.
Keywords: watershed; small-diameter trees; restoration; carbon dynamics; Blue Nile Basin; East Africa

Mobility mapping - Weidinger, Tobias; Spenger, David (MATILDE toolbox: methods to assess migration impact in rural and mountain areas (= Deliverable 2.7 of MATILDE project), 2022)

Model-Based Characterization and Monitoring of Runoff and Soil Erosion in Response to Land Use/land Cover Changes in the Modjo Watershed, Ethiopia - Gessesse, Berhan; Bewket, Woldeamlak; Bräuning, Achim (Land Degradation and Development, 2015)
The Modjo watershed has experienced significant land use/land cover (LULC) change and soil erosion. This study examines changes in surface runoff generation and soil erosion in response to the LULC dynamics. To simulate runoff and sediment yield, the geographic information system-interfaced Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used. Model sensitivity, calibration and validation analyses were carried out, and the efficiency of the model was evaluated using simulated and measured discharge data. The two scenario model simulation goodness-of-fit measures verified that the SWAT model performed very well during calibration and validation periods for daily and monthly time steps (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency>0·79 and root mean square error-observation standard deviation ratio<0·4). Although the computed values of per cent bias fulfilled a satisfactory standard (greater than -11·8%), the model results tended to overestimate discharge. Consequent to the LULC change, an overall increase in the amount of surface runoff (14·2%) and sediment yield (37%) was observed relative to the baseline (1973) simulation scenario. Mean annual soil loss rate was estimated at 24·2Mghay. Nearly 95·2% of the watershed is experiencing moderate to severe soil loss rates ranging from 14·7 to 37·5Mghay. In the remaining parts of the watershed, soil loss rates range from 4·4 to 14·7Mghay. Surface runoff generation and soil erosion varied widely by soil, LULC types and slope positions. The observed environmental change would lead to further land degradation, with negative implications on the livelihoods of local people unless appropriate conservation measures are implemented.
Keywords: Ethiopian highlands; Land use/land cover change; Runoff; Soil erosion; SWAT

Modeling cloud properties over the 79 N Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden, NE Greenland) for an intense summer melt period in 2019 - Andernach, Malena; Turton, Jenny; Mölg, Thomas (Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2022)
Long believed to be insignificant, melt activity on the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) has increased in recent years. Summertime Arctic clouds have the potential to strongly affect surface melt processes by regulating the amount of radiation received at the surface. However, the cloud effect over Greenland is spatially and temporally variable and high-resolution information on the northeast is absent. This study aims at exploring the potential of a high-resolution configuration of the polar-optimized Weather Research & Forecasting Model (PWRF) in simulating cloud properties in the area of the Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier (79 N Glacier). Subsequently, the model simulations are employed to investigate the impact of Arctic clouds on the surface energy budget and on surface melting during the extensive melt event at the end of July 2019. Compared to automatic weather station (AWS) measurements and remote-sensing data (Sentinel-2A and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS), PWRF simulates cloud properties with sufficient accuracy. It appears that peak melt was caused by an increase in solar radiation and sensible heat flux (SHF) in response to a blocking anticyclone and foehn winds in the absence of clouds. Cloud warming over high-albedo surfaces helped to precondition the surface and prolonged the melting as the anticyclone abated. The results are sensitive to the surface albedo and suggest spatiotemporal differences in the cloud effect as snow and ice properties change over the course of the melting season. This demonstrates the importance of including high-resolution information on clouds in analyses of ice sheet dynamics.
CRIS-Team WoS Importer:2022-11-18

Modeling species distribution using niche-based proxies derived from composite bioclimatic variables and MODIS NDVI - Feilhauer, Hannes; He, Kate S.; Rocchini, Duccio (Remote Sensing, 2012)
Vegetation mapping based on niche theory has proven useful in understanding the rules governing species assembly at various spatial scales. Remote-sensing derived distribution maps depicting occurrences of target species are frequently based on biophysical and biochemical properties of species. However, environmental conditions, such as climatic variables, also affect spectral signals simultaneously. Further, climatic variables are the major drivers of species distribution at macroscales. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine if species distribution can be modeled using an indirect link to climate and remote sensing data (MODIS NDVI time series). We used plant occurrence data in the US states of North Carolina and South Carolina and 19 climatic variables to generate floristic and climatic gradients using principal component analysis, then we further modeled the correlations between floristic gradients and NDVI using Partial Least Square regression. We found strong statistical relationship between species distribution and NDVI time series in a region where clear floristic and climatic gradients exist. If this precondition is given, the use of niche-based proxies may be suitable for predictive modeling of species distributions at regional scales. This indirect estimation of vegetation patterns may be a viable alternative to mapping approaches using biochemistry-driven spectral signature of species. © 2012 by the authors.
Keywords: Climatic variables; Floristic gradient; MODIS NDVI; North Carolina; Partial Least Squares regression; Plant species composition; Remote sensing; South Carolina; Vegetation mapping and modeling

Modellflug. 3., aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage. München 1994 - Hübner, Thomas (1995)

Modelling biomass of mountainous grasslands by including a species composition map - Magiera, Anja; Feilhauer, Hannes; Waldhardt, R; Wiesmair, Martin; Otte, Annette (Ecological Indicators, 2017)
Keywords: Gradient modelling; Greater Caucasus; Hay meadows; Isomap; Random forest; Remote sensing; Standing biomass; Yield

Modelling eye-level visibility of urban green space: Optimising city-wide point-based viewshed computations through prototyping - Walker, Blake; Brinkmann, Sebastian; Kremer, Dominik (25th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science “Artificial Intelligence in the service of Geospatial Technologies”, 2022)

Modern pollen dispersal in relation to present vegetation distribution and land use in the Baspa valley, Kinnaur, western Himalayas - Tomar, Nidhi; Roy, Ipsita; Shri, Shreya; CHINTHALA, BENCY DAVID; Shekhar, Mayank; Srivastava, Amber; Ranhotra, Parminder Singh; Singh, Chandra Prakash; Bhattacharyya, Amalava (ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS, 2024)
Interpretation of a fossil pollen data for the vegetation and climate reconstruction of any region needs a modern pollen-vegetation analogue for its calibration. We analyzed the surface sediments and moss polsters for the pollen and microcharcoal records to understand the modern pollen-vegetation relationship and human activities in the Baspa Valley, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. Presently, valley is occupied by the arboreal and non-arboreal vegetation of temperate to subalpine habitats and land use activities. The recovered pollen assemblages showed variability in the dispersal behavior of pollen of taxa growing along the valley transect and also captured the signals of human activities over land use. The overall dominance of arboreal pollen in the recovered pollen assemblage corresponds with the dominant growth of conifers and broadleaf tree taxa and represents the valley vegetation at a regional scale. However, the profuse pollen production of a few arboreal taxa and long distance pollen transport from one vegetation zone to other by the strong upthermic valley winds could bias the pollen representation of in-situ vegetation. The high pollen frequency of non-arboreal taxa in the open meadows represents the near vicinity to their plant source. Human activities like fire burning and cultivation by the local population are evident by the recovery of microcharcoal particles and pollen of plants belonging to Cerealia Poaceae, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Juglandaceae, etc. The dataset taken as modern pollen-vegetation analogue is useful to assess past changes in the vegetation and land cover in relation to climate and human factors for future sustenance.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2024-02-02
Keywords: Anthropogenic impact; Cultivation; Microcharcoal; Modern pollen-vegetation relationship; Palynology

Modifiable Area Unit Problem - Elrick, Tim (Methoden-Lexikon für die Sozialwissenschaften, 2014)

Mokler, Felicitas: Die Evolution des Universums : vom Urknall bis in die Ewigkeit. Stuttgart 2022 - Hübner, Thomas (2023)

Monitoring and predictive mapping of floristic biodiversity along a climatic gradient in ENSO's terrestrial core region, NW Peru - Muenchow, Jannes; Dieker, Petra; Böttcher, Thea; Brock, Jonas; Didenko, Gregor; Fremout, Tobias; Jakubka, Desiree; Jentsch, Anke; Nüst, Daniel; Richter, Michael; Rodríguez, Eric Frank; Rodríguez, Rodolfo Arismendiz; et al. (Ecography, 2020)
The tropical dry forests of NW Peru are heavily shaped by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), where especially El Niño brings rain to arid to semi-arid areas. However, the resulting effects on biodiversity patterns remain largely unknown as well as the effect of environmental variables on the floristic composition under varying rainfall patterns. Therefore, we studied the spatio-temporal effects of different ENSO episodes on floristic biodiversity along a climatic gradient ranging from the coastal desert to the Andean foothills. We sampled 50 vegetation plots in four years representing different ENSO episodes. To highlight the spatio-temporal changes in floristic composition and beta diversity across ENSO episodes, we predicted ordination scores with a Generalized Additive Model. We applied variation partitioning to test if topographic or edaphic variables gained in importance during more humid ENSO episodes. Additionally, we executed an irrigation–fertilization experiment to quantify the beneficial effects of the water–nutrient interaction under different simulated ENSO rainfall scenarios. Plant species richness increased under humid conditions during the humid La Niña (2012) and the moderate El Niño (2016), and slightly decreased under the very humid conditions during the coastal El Niño (2017). The spatial prediction revealed that specific vegetation formations became more pronounced with increasing water input, but that a large water surplus led to the disruption of the strict order along the climatic gradient. Edaphic and topographic variables gained in importance with increased water availability (2012 and 2016), however, this effect was not further amplified under very wet conditions (2017). The experiment showed that plant cover under Super Niño conditions was three times higher when fertilized. Overall, our spatial predictions concede detailed insights into spatio-temporal ecosystem dynamics in response to varying rainfall caused by different ENSO episodes while the results of the experiment can support farmers regarding a sustainable agrarian management.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-09-25
Keywords: ecosystem diversity; irrigation–fertilization experiment; ordination; Peru; predictive mapping; productivity; statistical learning; tropical dry forest

Monitoring glacier changes on the Antarctic Peninsula - Arigony-Neto, Jorge; Skvarca, Pedro; Marinsek, Sebastiàn; Braun, Matthias; Humbert, Angelika; Wilson Mendes Júnior, C.; Jana, Ricardo (Global Land Ice Measurements from Space, 2014)

Monitoring multi-year snow cover dynamics on the Antarctic Peninsula - Braun, Matthias; et al. (Polarforschung, 2000)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2000.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.monito

Monitoring of Land-use and Land-cover in North Rhine-Westphalia by Remote Sensing - Braun, Matthias; et al. (Geographische Rundschau International Edition, 2006)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2006.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.monito

Monitoring snow and ice surfaces on King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, with high-resolution TerraSAR-X time series - Falk, U.; Gieseke, H.; Kotzur, F.; Braun, Matthias (Antarctic Science, 2016)
Changes of glaciers and snow cover in polar regions affect a wide range of physical and ecosystem processes on land and in the adjacent marine environment. In this study, we investigated the potential of 11-day repeat high-resolution satellite image time series from the TerraSAR-X mission to derive glaciological and hydrological parameters on King George Island, Antarctica, between 25 October 2010 and 19 April 2011. The spatial pattern and temporal evolution of snow cover extent on ice-free areas can be monitored using multi-temporal coherence images. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) coherence is used to map glacier extent of land-terminating glaciers with an average accuracy of 25 m. Multi-temporal SAR colour composites identify the position of the late summer snow line at 220 m a.s.l. Glacier surface velocities are obtained from intensity feature-tracking. Surface velocities near the calving front of Fourcade Glacier were up to 1.8±0.01 m d-1. Using an intercept theorem based on fundamental geometric principles together with differential GPS field measurements, the ice discharge of Fourcade Glacier was estimated at 20 700±5500 m3 d-1 (corresponding to 19±5 kt d-1). The rapidly changing surface conditions on King George Island and the lack of high-resolution digital elevation models for the region remain restrictions for the applicability of SAR data and the precision of derived products. Supplemental data are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.853954.
Keywords: glacier extent; glacier facies; ice dynamics; SAR; snow cover extent

Monsoon precipitation variations in Myanmar since AD 1770: linkage to tropical ocean‐atmospheric circulations - Zaw, Zaw; Fan, Ze Xin; Bräuning, Achim; Liu, Wenjie; Gaire, Narayan Prasad; Than, Kay Zin; Panthi, Shankar (Climate Dynamics, 2021)
To understand inter-annual to decadal summer monsoon precipitation variations in Myanmar, we developed new tree-ring chronologies of Tectona grandis (teak) from three sampling sites in north-central Myanmar where the climatic proxy is sparse. A regional chronology (spanning 1700–2016) derived from three site chronologies showed a strongly positive precipitation sensitivity during the summer monsoon (R = 0.71), indicating that slow tree growth was detected in years of deficient precipitation. We reconstructed monsoon precipitation (May–October) for the period 1770–2016, with robust calibration-verification statistics. Our reconstruction revealed 22 (16) extremely dry (wet) years over the past 247 years. Several dry and wet episodes recorded in our reconstruction are consistent with other precipitation proxies from tropical Asia, such as the East Indian drought in 1790–1796 and the Victorian Holocaust drought in 1888–1890. The 2.0–4.0-year high-frequency periodicities revealed from spectral peaks and dominant regions of high spatial correlations indicated the summer precipitation in Myanmar is linked with broader-scale ocean-atmospheric circulations, mainly associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activities due to sea surface temperature variations in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Coherent relationships of our reconstructed series with ENSO-related climate indices further support the dynamics of monsoon precipitation variability in Myanmar is inter-linked with global climate systems. Our reconstruction inferred from teak tree rings may be useful to provide valuable insight into the impacts of extreme weather events associated with monsoon hydroclimate in Myanmar.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-02-05
Keywords: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO); Monsoon hydroclimate variability; Myanmar; Tectona grandis (teak); Tree ring‐width

Moscheebau und Moscheekonflikte in Deutschland - Schmitt, Thomas (Öffentliches Ärgernis? Moscheebaukonflikte in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, 2015)
Moscheebau und Moscheekonflikte in Deutschland [Mosque construction and mosque conflicts in Germany]. In: Ernst Fürlinger and Reinhold Bernhardt (eds.): Öffentliches Ärgernis? Moscheebaukonflikte in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag Zürich: 41–58.
Keywords: Moscheebau; Islam in Deutschland; Sozialgeographie; Kulturgeographie

Moschee-Konflikte und deutsche Gesellschaft - Schmitt, Thomas (Islam und die deutsche Gesellschaft, 2013)

Mosque Debates as Space-related, Intercultural, and Religious Conflicts, - Schmitt, Thomas (Migration, Religion, and Germany, 2012)
The debate about a new mosque in Manhattan to be located near Ground Zero echoed around the world in 2010. Since the end of the 1980s, plans for new mosques have been highly contested in the western world. The main aim here is a comparison of different mosque conflicts, with a focus on German examples. “No mosque in our town!” is, with its variants, a common slogan of local neighbors and citizen action groups in Germany when a new mosque is to be built. So it is only a minor exaggeration to state: “No new mosque in Germany without a local conflict.” Also, since the late 1980s, inconspicuous mosques in Germany have been increasingly replaced by buildings that combine traditional elements of Islamic architecture (minarets, domes) with modern western and postmodern forms. This analysis differentiates at least three aspects of these conflicts: (1) spatial aspects, e.g., questions of town planning, but also the relevance of the built environment for personal and collective identity, (2) interethnic and intercultural aspects, e.g., the relation between the establishment and outsiders, and (3) interreligious aspects, e.g., the mutual conceptualizations of Islam and Christianity or relations between Islamic organizations and a “secular” state. It also considers how these conflicts escalated through the interaction of both structural and accidental factors, in particular: anti-Islamic discourses, social polarizations, and an accumulated potential for interethnic conflict in residential areas with a high number of migrants.<br
Keywords: Mosque conflicts; urban studies; Cultural; Social and Political Geography; Islam; Germany; Europe

Mountain-Bike-Guide Frankenwald. Rodingersdorf 2004 - Hübner, Thomas (2005)

Mountain Rainforest. Scientific Discoveries in a Highly Diverse Ecosystem in Southern Ecuador. - Kiss, K.; Bräuning, Achim (2008)

Müller, Michael: Nordportugal. Erlangen 2020 - Hübner, Thomas (2020)

Multi-centennial reconstruction of drought events in South-Western Iran using tree rings of Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) - Arsalani, Mohsen; Grießinger, Jussi; Pourtahmasi, Kambiz; Bräuning, Achim (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2021)
Semi-arid regions are among the most vulnerable areas prone to the negative impacts of climate change. Long-term high-resolution proxy climate data will enable us to put the recent climate trends into a long-term context of natural climate variability. We developed the hitherto first regional ring-width chronology (1450–2015C.E.) from Cupressus sempervirens L. in the Zagros Mountains, western Iran and reconstructed precipitation variability for the semi-arid region during the period 1560–2015C.E. Climate-growth relationships revealed that precipitation and minimum temperatures are positively correlated with radial growth, whereas maximum temperatures reveal negative impacts. Spatial correlations with gridded precipitation data, Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI 01) further indicate that the climate signals contained in tree-ring width variations capture the precipitation variability in the Near East and other eastern Mediterranean regions. The southern Zagros Mts. experienced multiple megadroughts during the reconstructed period. The longest dry period occurred from 1956 to 1971 and the highest frequency of dry events occurred in the 20th century. In addition, documented famines in Iran occurred within prolonged droughts. The southern Zagros Mts. has experienced high frequency of extreme/severe dry events and long dry phases during the Little Ice Age (1560–1850C.E.). The reconstructed dry and wet events occurred irregularly, and one-year and two-year drought/wet events showed the highest frequency during the reconstructed period, highlighting the importance of sustainable water management strategies for the semi-arid southern Zagros region.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-03-05
Keywords: Climate change; Cupressus sempervirens; Dendroclimatology; Little Ice Age; Teleconnection patterns; Zagros Mountains

Multi-century humidity reconstructions from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau inferred from tree-ring δ18O - Wernicke, Jakob; Hochreuther, Philipp; Grießinger, Jussi; Zhu, Haifeng; Wang, Lily; Bräuning, Achim (Global and Planetary Change, 2017)
Keywords: Little Ice Age; Tree-ring δ18O; Southeastern Tibetan Plateau; Teleconnections

Multidisciplinary dataset for geological and environmental studies in the lake of Cavazzo (Southern Alps) - Polonia, Alina; Albertazzi, Sonia; Bellucci, Luca Giorgio; Bonetti, Carla; Bonetti, Jarbas; Gallerani, Andrea; Giorgetti, Giulia; Giuliani, Silvia; López Correa, Matthias; Mayr, Christoph; Miserocchi, Stefano; Peruzza, Laura; et al. (Data in Brief, 2021)
The present dataset was collected to evaluate the environmental stressors on a lacustrine basin in the Eastern Alps of glacial origin that has been affected in recent years by natural and anthropogenic events such as the construction of a hydroelectric power plant and a series of strong earthquakes during 1976-1977. We collected sediment cores in different sites from the lake margins to the depocenter and performed a multiproxy analysis of sediment sample to highlight lake stratigraphy and major changes occurring at a decadal scale (Polonia et al., [1]). The integrated analyses of sedimentological, geochemical, isotopic, mineralogical and micropaleontological analyses aimed at reconstructing changes in sediment composition and define the triggering mechanisms of altered environmental conditions. The dataset demonstrates that evaluating ex post the effects of artificial modification in a natural environment during relatively long time spans (decades) can provide important insights for managing and protection strategies in similar environments worldwide
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-07-02
Keywords: Anthropogenic impacts; Earthquakes; Hydroelectric power plant; Lacustrine seismo-turbidite; Seismic hazard

Multi-isotope fingerprints of recent environmental samples from the Baltic coast and their implications for bioarchaeological studies - Göhring, Andrea; Hölzl, Stefan; Mayr, Christoph; Strauss, Harald (Science of the Total Environment, 2023)
Stable isotopes in coastal regions are influenced by the so-called sea spray effect which masks the actual terrestrial isotope fingerprint with a marine isotope signal. The sea spray impact on plants was investigated by analyzing different stable isotope systems (δ13Ccellulose, δ18Ocellulose, δ18Osulfate, δ34Ssulfate, δ34Stotal S, δ34Sorganic S, 87Sr/86Sr) in recent environmental samples (plants, soil, water) collected close to the Baltic Sea. All these isotopic systems are influenced by the sea spray, either by the uptake of ions (HCO3−, SO42−, Sr2+) of marine origin, thus exhibiting a marine isotopic signature, or by biochemical reactions associated with, e.g., salinity stress. A shift towards seawater values is observed for δ18Osulfate, δ34S, and 87Sr/86Sr. Cellulose becomes enriched in 13C and 18O due to sea spray, further enhanced (δ13Ccellulose) or mitigated (δ18Ocellulose) by salinity stress. The effect differs both regionally and seasonally, probably as a result of, e.g., differences in wind strength or prevailing wind direction, as well as between plants collected only few meters apart, in either the open field or at more wind-protected sites, reflecting samples more or less influenced by sea spray. The stable isotope data of recent environmental samples are compared to previously analyzed archaeological bone samples of animals from the Viking Haithabu and Early Medieval Schleswig sites located close to the Baltic Sea. Potential regions of origin can be predicted based on the magnitude of the (recent) local sea spray effect. This enables the identification of probably non-local individuals. The insights into sea spray mechanisms, biochemical reactions in plants, as well as seasonal, regional, and small-scale differences in stable isotope data will help to interpret multi-isotope fingerprints at coastal sites. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of environmental samples for bioarchaeological studies. Moreover, the detected seasonal and small-scale differences require adjusted sampling strategies for, e.g., isotopic baselines in coastal areas.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2023-03-24
Keywords: Aerosol; Carbon; Oxygen; Plant physiology; Strontium; Sulfur

Multi-isotope fingerprints (O, Sr and Pb) in archaeological animal bone bioapatite: Similarity search and the suitability for provenance analysis in a geologically complex Alpine region - Tschetsch, L.; Mussauer, A.; Mauder, M.; Lohrer, J.; Kröger, P.; Mayr, Christoph; Söllner, F.; Grupe, G. (Archaeometry, 2020)
Multi-isotope fingerprints in the bioapatite of archaeological skeletons are mostly superior over single isotope analyses for provenance studies. Gaussian mixture model (GMM) clustering is a novel tool for a similarity search among multidimensional data sets and at the same time permits the evaluation of the structural importance of particular isotopic ratios in the data set. We applied three GMM clustering experiments on multi-isotope fingerprints—stable strontium (Sr), lead (Pb) and oxygen (O) isotopic ratios—established in 217 archaeological animal bones excavated along a specific transect across the European Alps. This reference region had been in use since prehistoric times by humans who crossed the Alps from north to south, and vice versa. The resulting clusters permit a spatial assignment of the specimens with a very high probability, in particular with regard to the geological complexity of the region. A combination of Sr with Pb stable isotopes led to an optimal differentiation between the southern and northern Alpine forelands that cannot be distinguished from each other by 87Sr/86Sr ratios alone, while the contribution of δ18O is not particularly high. The isotopic mapping and subsequent cluster analysis is suitable for the analysis of archaeological human finds and the reconstruction of the direction of transalpine mobility and trade.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-03-27
Keywords: bone bioapatite; GMM clustering; multi-isotope fingerprint; provenance

Multi-method ensemble selection of spectral bands related to leaf biochemistry - Feilhauer, Hannes; Asner, Gregory P.; Roberta E., Martin (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2015)
Multi-method ensembles are generally believed to return more reliable results than the application of one method alone. Here, we test if for the quantification of leaf traits an ensemble of regression models, consisting of Partial Least Squares (PLSR), Random Forest (RFR), and Support Vector Machine regression (SVMR) models, is able to improve the robustness of the spectral band selection process compared to the outcome of a single technique alone. The ensemble approach was tested using one artificial and five measured data sets of leaf level spectra and corresponding information on leaf chlorophyll, dry matter, and water content. PLSR models optimized for the goodness of fit, an established approach for band selection, were used to evaluate the performance of the ensemble. Although the fits of the models within the ensemble were poorer than the fits achieved with the reference approach, the ensemble was able to provide a band selection with higher consistency across all data sets. Due to the selection characteristics of the methods within the ensemble, the ensemble selection is moderately narrow and restrictive but in good agreement with known absorption features published in literature. We conclude that analyzing the range of agreement of different model types is an efficient way to select a robust set of spectral bands related to the foliar properties under investigation. This may help to deepen our understanding of the spectral response of biochemical and biophysical traits in foliage and canopies.
Keywords: Hyperspectral; Imaging spectroscopy; Partial least squares regression; Random forest regression; Remote sensing; Support vector machine regression

Multimorbidity and Socioeconomic Deprivation among Older Adults: A Cross-sectional Analysis in Five Canadian Cities Using the CLSA - Wister, Andrew; Rosenkrantz, Leah; Shashank, Aateka; Walker, Blake; Schuurman, Nadine (Journal of Aging and Environment, 2020)
Individual socioeconomic status is known to correlate with multimorbidity, but the role of neighbourhood-level socioeconomic deprivation is uncertain. Participants from five cities (n?=?16,313) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were mapped by postal code and their local area socioeconomic deprivation scores were calculated using the Vancouver Area Neighbourhood Deprivation Index. Logistic regression models were used to estimate deprivation-associated odds of multimorbidity, controlling for age, sex, obesity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use, and validated using a Bayesian machine learning technique. Significant associations with neighbourhood deprivation were observed, underscoring the importance of a person's local socioeconomic environment in multimorbidity risk, net of key covariates. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of community and health care organization and intervention programs targeting multimorbidity.
Keywords: CLSA; GIS; machine learning; multimorbidity; socioeconomic deprivation

Münchens sozial-ökologische Stadtentwicklung zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit: Kommentar zu Lisa Vollmer und Boris Michel ‚Wohnen in der Klimakrise. Die Wohnungsfrage als ökologische Frage‘ - Geiselhart, Klaus (sub. zeitschrift für kritische stadtforschung, 2020)
Created from Fastlane, Scopus look-up

Museen in Oberfranken. Bayreuth 2013 - Hübner, Thomas (2013)

Museen rund um Nürnberg : 24 Reisen durch Raum und Zeit. Nürnberg 2005 - Hübner, Thomas (2006)

Müssig, Jochen: Oberfranken : mit Bamberg und Fränkischer Schweiz : 50 Mikroabenteuer zum Entdecken und Genießen. Mettmann 2023 - Hübner, Thomas (2023)

Mycorrhiza networks promote biodiversity and stabilize the tropical mountain rain forest ecosystem – perspectives for understanding complex communities - Kottke, Ingrid; Setaro, Sabrina; Haug, Ingeborg; Herrera, Paulo; Cruz, Darío Javier; Fries, Andreas; Adams, Julia; Homeier, Jürgen; Werner, Florian; Gerique-Zipfel, Andres; Suárez, Juan Pablo (Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity and Environmental Change in a Tropical Mountain Ecosystem of South Ecuador, 2013)

Natural abundance radiocarbon in soil microbial biomass: Results from a glacial foreland - Bäumler, Rupert; Garnett, Mark H.; Bol, Roland; Bardgett, Richard D.; Wanek, Wolfgang; Richter, Andreas (Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2011)
We present a method for determining the natural abundance radiocarbon (C) content of soil microbial biomass (SMB) based on existing fumigation-extraction procedures. We applied the technique to soils from the foreland of the Ödenwinkelkees glacier in the Austrian Alps, which has a well-characterised chronosequence of soils at different stages of development. Across the chronosequence, SMB contained post-bomb levels of C, suggesting it was substantially composed of carbon that had been fixed since the 1960s. Comparison of our results with previous findings from the same site showed that at most stages in the sequence the SMB had a similar C content to the bulk soil organic matter (SOM). However, soil respired CO was C-depleted relative to SMB, indicating that at least a component of the microbial community was mineralising some older carbon. In the most recently exposed soils, SMB was C-enriched compared to both soil respiration and SOM, suggesting that a small component of the microbial biomass that utilises older carbon contributes disproportionately more to the CO efflux. Although other interpretations are possible, this explanation is consistent with the notion that early on in the succession a large proportion of the microbial biomass is dormant. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords: Carbon; Glacial foreland; Microbial biomass; Radiocarbon

Naturbanisierung: Ein Ansatz zur Untersuchung der Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Nationalparks und Tourismus im ländlichen Raum - Gerique-Zipfel, Andres; Knode, Nina (Naturtourismus – Chancen und Herausforderungen, 2016)

Natur-Elemente in der Stadtgestaltung. Diskurs, Institutionalisierung und Umsetzungspraxis am Beispiel Fassadenbegrünung - Chilla, Tobias (Kölner Geographische Arbeiten, 2004)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2004.nat.dgeo.IG.pgeog.nature

Naturgefahren als Entwicklungshemmnis - Titz, Alexandra (Praxis Geographie, 2012)

Naturgefahren und Naturgefahrenmanagement im Oberen Paznauntal/Tirol. - Titz, Alexandra; Grießinger, Jussi (Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft Band 61/62, 2016)
Naturgefahren wie Hochwasser, Massenbewegungen, Lawinen oder Erdbeben fordern alljährlich zahlreiche Menschenleben und verursachen Schäden in Milliardenhöhe. Die Bedrohung durch die Natur hat sich in den letzten Jahrhunderten nicht grundlegend geändert, dennoch war und ist der Umgang mit Naturgefahren einem stetigen Wandel unterworfen. Trotz der präzisen Erforschung der geophysikalischen Prozesse und Innovationen im technischen Bereich, die neben einer verbesserten Vorhersage, Frühwarnung und Kommunikation auch effektivere Schutzmaßnahmen ermöglichen, scheint die Verwundbarkeit und Risikoanfälligkeit der Menschen in gleichem Maße anzuwachsen. Am Beispiel der Alpengemeinde Galtür in Tirol/Österreich, in der sich 1999 ein schweres  Lawinenereignis zutrug, soll der Umgang mit Naturgefahren exemplarisch nachgezeichnet werden. Dazu fließen auch Ergebnisse eines projektorientierten Hauptseminars ein, die Studierende der Bachelorstudiengänge Kulturgeographie und Physische Geographie im Rahmen von empirischen Erhebungen und Expertengesprächen vor Ort in Galtür gewonnen haben.
Keywords: Naturgefahren; Naturgefahrenmanagement; Geographische Hazardforschung; Alpen; Paznauntal; Galtür; Lawine; Gefahrenzonenplan

Naturgefahren und Naturrisiken im Nepal-Himalaya. Eine geographische Analyse von Ursachen, Auswirkungen und der Wirksamkeit von Schutzmaßnahmen - Titz, Alexandra (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2005)
UnivIS-Import:2016-07-26:Pub.2005.nat.dgeo.IG.zentr.naturg

Natürliche und künstliche Strahlung in der Umwelt - Eine Bilanz vor und nach Tschernobyl - Hosemann, Gerhard; Wirth, Eugen (Universitätsbund Erlangen, 1987)
UnivIS-Import:2017-12-18:Pub.1987.tech.IE.leen.natrli

Near surface air humidity in a megadiverse Andean mountain ecosystem of southern Ecuador and its regionalization - Fries, Andreas; Rollenbeck, Rütger; Nauss, Thomas; Peters, Thorsten; Bendix, Jörg (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2012)
The near surface humidity in a megadiverse mountain ecosystem in southern Ecuador is examined on the basis of Relative Humidity (RH) measurements inside the natural mountain forest and at open sites along an altitudinal gradient from 1700 to 3200 m. The main methodological aim of the current study is to generate a humidity regionalization tool to provide spatial datasets on average monthly mean, minimum and maximum RH, Specific Humidity (q) and Specific Saturation Deficit (DS) by using observation data of RH. The maps based on data of the period 1999–2009 are needed by ecological projects working on various plots where no climate station data are available. The humidity maps are generated by combining a straightforward detrending technique with a Digital Elevation Model and a satellite-based land cover classification which also provides the relative forest cover per pixel. The topical aim of the study is to investigate the humidity distribution and structure of both manifestations of our ecosystem (pastures and natural vegetation) with special considerations to the ecosystem regulation service by converting natural forest into pasture. The results reveal a clear differentiation over the year, partly triggered by the change of synoptic weather situation but also by land cover effects. Humidity amplitudes are particularly low during the main rainy season when cloudiness and rainfall are high, but markedly pronounced in the relative dry season when daily irradiance and outgoing nocturnal radiation causes distinct differences between the land cover units. Particularly the upper pasture areas gained by slash and burn of the natural forest exhibit the lowest humidity values while the humidity inside the mountain forest is significantly higher due to the regulating effects of the dense vegetation. Thus, clearing the forest clearly reduces the regulation function (regulating ecosystem services) of the ecosystem which might become problematic for reforestation under future global warming
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2011.nat.dgeo.IG.zentr.nearsu

Nebel, Florian Matthias: Die Besiedelung des Mars : Aufbruch in die Zukunft. Stuttgart 2020 - Hübner, Thomas (2021)

Neighborhood Greenspace and Socioeconomic Risk are Associated with Diabetes Risk at the Sub-neighborhood Scale: Results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study - Walker, Blake; Brinkmann, Sebastian; Große, Tim; Kremer, Dominik; Schuurman, Nadine; Hystad, Perry; Rangarajan, Sumathy; Teo, Koon T.; Yusuf, Salim; Lear, Scott A. (Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2022)
Greenspace and socioeconomic status are known correlates of diabetes prevalence, but their combined effects at the sub-neighborhood scale are not yet known. This study derives, maps, and validates a combined socioeconomic/greenspace index of individual-level diabetes risk at the sub-neighborhood scale, without the need for clinical measurements. In two Canadian cities (Vancouver and Hamilton), we computed 4 greenspace variables from satellite imagery and extracted 11 socioeconomic variables from the Canadian census. We mapped 5125 participants from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study by their residential address and used age- and sex-dependent walking speeds to estimate individual exposure zones to local greenspace and socioeconomic characteristics, which were then entered into a principal component analysis to derive a novel diabetes risk index (DRI-GLUCoSE). We mapped index scores in both study areas and validated the index using fully adjusted logistic regression models to predict individual diabetes status. Model performance was then compared to other non-clinical diabetes risk indices from the literature. Diabetes prevalence among participants was 9.9%. The DRI-GLUCoSE index was a significant predictor of diabetes status, exhibiting a small non-significant attenuation with the inclusion of dietary and physical activity variables. The final models achieved a predictive accuracy of 75%, the highest among environmental risk models to date. Our combined index of local greenspace and socioeconomic factors demonstrates that the environmental component of diabetes risk is not sufficiently explained by diet and physical activity, and that increasing urban greenspace may be a suitable means of reducing the burden of diabetes at the community scale.

‚Neopragmatische‘ Argumente zur Vereinbarkeit von konzeptioneller Diskussion und Praxis der Regionalentwicklung. - Chilla, Tobias; Kühne, Olaf; Weber, Florian; Weber, Fredericke (Bausteine der Regionalentwicklung, 2015)

Neser, Thomas: Naturpfade rund um Nürnberg, Fürth und Erlangen : 25 erlebnisreiche Wanderungen. München 2020 - Hübner, Thomas (2021)

Nesseltalgraben, a new reference section of the last glacial period in southern Germany - Mayr, Christoph; Brandlmeier, Birgit; Diersche, Volker; Stojakowits, Philipp; Kirscher, Uwe; Matzke-Karasz, Renate; Bachtadse, Valerian; Eigler, Michael; Haas, Ulrich; Lempe, Bernhard; Reimer, Paula; Spötl, Christoph (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2017)

Nestmeyer, Ralf: Cornwall & Devon. 5,. komplett überarb. und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2017 - Hübner, Thomas (2017)

Nestmeyer, Ralf: Paris. 12., komplett überarbeitete und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2020 - Hübner, Thomas (2020)

Nestmeyer, Ralf: Südengland. 6., komplett überarb. und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2017 - Hübner, Thomas (2017)

Neue Erkenntnisse aus der Bier-Geographie. Regionalökonomische Bedeutung der Herstellung von Bier in Ober- und Mittelfranken - Burkert, Manuela; Chilla, Tobias (31. Heiligenstädter Gespräche, 2018)

Neue Kartografien, neue Geografien: Weltbilder im digitalen Zeitalter - Glasze, Georg (Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, 2015)

« Neue Kulturgeographie » - Débats et perspectives au sein de la nouvelle géographie culturelle germanophone - Germes, Melina; Glasze, Georg; Weber, Florian (Cybergeo : European journal of geography, 2011)
Since the beginning of the 2000's, a new school in German-speaking geography arose which is named "Neue Kulturgeographie" (new cultural geography). It is mainly inspired by the poststructuralism and by the English-speaking new cultural geography. On the basis of a constructivist approach, the signification of space and spatial forms is the main focus of the Neue Kulturgeographie's researches. An important difference between these researches, however, lies on the very different social theories they are based on: action theory, system theory, discourse theory and critical approaches are the four main theories being used in the Neue Kulturgeographie. The aim of this paper is to introduce the French-speaking geographer to the Neue Kulturgeography and its debate. The reader will surely recognize the questions and problems shared by the social and cultural French-(and also English-) speaking geographies.
Keywords: Constructivism; Cultural geography; Epistemology; Germany; Social geography; Social theory

Neuere Kooperationsformen in der EU – Makroregionale Strategien und Europäische Verbünde für territoriale Zusammenarbeit - Sielker, Franziska (Planerin, 2016)

Neue spirituelle Zentren – Manifestationen und Materialisationen kreativer religiöser Synthesen? Das Beispiel des Benediktushofs in Unterfranken - Schmitt, Thomas (Architekturen und Artefakte. Zur Materialität des Religiösen, 2017)

(untitled) - Michel, Boris (Lokalistische Stadtforschung, kulturalisierte Städte: Zur Kritik einer 'Eigenlogik der Städte')

Neue Welten im All : Lebenszeichen von fernen Planeten? / Michael Lemonick. München 1998 - Hübner, Thomas (1998)

Neumeier, Andreas: Schottland. 8., komplett überarb. und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2017 - Hübner, Thomas (2017)

New Approaches in European governance? Perspectives of Stakeholders in the Danube Macro-region. - Sielker, Franziska (Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2016)

New araphid species of the genus Pseudostaurosira (Bacillariophyceae) from southern Patagonia - García, M. Luján; Bustos, Sabrina; Villacís, Leonardo A.; Laprida, Cecilia; Mayr, Christoph; Moreno, Patricio I.; Maidana, Nora I.; Morales, Eduardo A. (European Journal of Phycology, 2021)
We describe five new araphid diatom species belonging to the genus Pseudostaurosira. These new taxa were found in modern and fossil material collected from five southern Patagonian waterbodies (49–52°S), four from the Santa Cruz province, Argentina and one from the Magallanes Region, Chile. When observed under light and scanning electron microscopy, each species differs by a single or a combination of valve character(s). Pseudostaurosira australopatagonica sp. nov. has unique volae that are profusely, dichotomously branched, internally anastomosed, and affixed to the virgae. Pseudostaurosira hyalopatagonica sp. nov. has fusiform valves with cuneate, elongate ends, narrow valves and round to slightly elliptical areolae. Pseudostaurosira catalinae sp. nov. has broadly fusiform valves with cuneate to subrostrate ends; volae form a circular to elliptical ring at the centre of the areolar opening and, externally covering the mantle areolae, it has a watch glass-like flap. Pseudostaurosira tehuelcheana sp. nov. has lanceolate valves with broadly rounded apices, solid incipient conical spines and marginal, transapically elongate areolae occluded by profusely branched volae. Pseudostaurosira zolitschkae sp. nov. is a relatively large-valve species with subrostrate apices, hollow spines, marginal areolae sometimes separated by a thin vimen. The volae in this latter, new taxon, only originate from a position parallel to the transapical axis of the valve, an origin that is uncommon within the genus. We discuss the validity of describing species based on morphological data and highlight the importance of increasing taxonomic resolution on isolated regions such as Patagonia.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-01-22
Keywords: Araphids; Fragilariaceae; non-marine; palaeolimnology; southernmost South America; taxonomy; valve ultrastructure

New evidence for population-specific responses to drought events from tree ring chronologies of Pinus nigra ssp. laricio across the entire distribution range - Versace, S.; Bräuning, Achim; Cherubini, P.; Febbraro, M. Di; Häusser, Martin; Lombardi, F.; Marchetti, M.; Marziliano, P. A.; Salbitano, F.; Szymczak, Sonja; Tognetti, R. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2022)
The increased frequency and severity of drought events due to climate warming is negatively affecting tree radial growth, particularly in drought-prone regions, such as, e.g., the Mediterranean. In this climate change hotspot, populations of the same tree species may show different growth responses to climate, due to the great variety of microclimates and environments that characterise this biogeographic region. In this study, we analysed growth-climate relationships and growth responses to drought events (i.e., resistance, recovery, and resilience) in 13 forest stands of black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold), encompassing the whole and peculiar distribution range of the ssp. laricio (Calabria, Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica). Analysis focussed on the 1981–2010 period, which is commonly covered at all sites. Stem radial growth of trees increased under a positive spring/summer water balance. However, abundant winter precipitation had a negative impact on stem radial growth. Populations in Corsica were more sensitive to drought, showing lower resistance and resilience than those in Sicily and Sardinia. Older trees were more resistant to drought events than younger trees. Our results highlight that population-specific responses to drought events are mainly explained by tree age and local environment, suggesting geographically related patterns in tree growth and forest productivity correspond to different populations. Intraspecific variability in sensitivity to drought events should be included in species distribution models to predict the range of forest productivity responses to climate change.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2022-07-22
Keywords: Climate-growth model; Conifer forests; Drought resilience; Mediterranean mountains; Tree rings

New eyes in the sky measure glaciers and ice sheets - Braun, Matthias; et al. (EOS 81, 2000)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2000.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.neweye

New gastropod assemblages from the Early/Middle Miocene of Riedensheim and Adelschlag-Fasanerie, southern Germany - Salvador, Rodrigo B.; Prieto, Jérôme; Mayr, Christoph; Rasser, Michael (Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie-Abhandlungen, 2016)

New Miocene record of the suid Listriodon near Munich - Prieto, Jérôme; Mayr, Christoph (Zitteliana, 2017)

New perspective on spring vegetation phenology and global climate change based on Tibetan Plateau tree-ring data. - Yang, Bao; He, Minhui; Shishov, Vladimir; Rossi, Sergio; Vaganov, Eugene; Tychkov, Ivan; Ljungqvist, Frederik; Bräuning, Achim; Grießinger, Jussi (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017)
Phenological responses of vegetation to climate, in particular to the ongoing warming trend, have received much attention. However, divergent results from the analyses of remote sensing data have been obtained for the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the world's largest high-elevation region. This study provides a perspective on vegetation phenology shifts during 1960-2014, gained using an innovative approach based on a well-validated, process-based, tree-ring growth model that is independent of temporal changes in technical properties and image quality of remote sensing products. Twenty composite site chronologies were analyzed, comprising about 3,000 trees from forested areas across the TP. We found that the start of the growing season (SOS) has advanced, on average, by 0.28 d/y over the period 1960-2014. The end of the growing season (EOS) has been delayed, by an estimated 0.33 d/y during 1982-2014. No significant changes in SOS or EOS were observed during 1960-1981. April-June and August-September minimum temperatures are the main climatic drivers for SOS and EOS, respectively. An increase of 1 °C in April-June minimum temperature shifted the dates of xylem phenology by 6 to 7 d, lengthening the period of tree-ring formation. This study extends the chronology of TP phenology farther back in time and reconciles the disparate views on SOS derived from remote sensing data. Scaling up this analysis may improve understanding of climate change effects and related phenological and plant productivity on a global scale.

New theologians in the city: The establishment of Islamic Theology in Germany and the local negotiations of integration and difference Neue Theolog*innen in der Stadt: Der Aufbau der islamischen Theologie in Deutschland und die lokale Aushandlung von Integrations- und Differenzverhältnissen - Haddad, Laura; Pott, Andreas; Winkler, Jan (Geographische Zeitschrift, 2021)
Islamic theology has been a new subject at German universities for a few years now. The establishment of Islamic theological institutes is strongly accompanied by discourses on integration. However, little attention has been paid to the local practice of Islamic theology and its new actors in the local urban contexts of their institutionalization. By means of ethnographic methods, we will investigate in two cities how the establishment of Islamic theology influences the negotiation of Islamic identities, representations, and practices. Informed by a (migration) regime theory perspective we analyze the establishment of the institutes and its actors as a re-negotiation of integration-political expectations that is linked to a constant reshaping of the situated geographies of identity, difference and belonging.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-06-11
Keywords: Difference; Geographies of belonging; Islamic theology; Politics of integration; Urban politics of identity

Nicht von dieser Welt - Bayerns Meteorite. Augsburg 2012 - Hübner, Thomas (2013)

Nitsche, Angela: Dresden. 6., komplett überarbeitete und aktualisierte Aufl. Erlangen 2021 - Hübner, Thomas (2021)

No evidence for carryover effect in tree rings based on a pulse-labelling experiment on Juniperus communis in South Germany - He, Minhui; Bräuning, Achim; Rossi, Sergio; Gebrekirstos, Aster; Grießinger, Jussi; Mayr, Christoph; Peng, Changhui; Yang, Bao (Trees-Structure and Function, 2020)
Key message: A clear carryover effect of tree-ring formation was not detected based on a pulse-labelling experiment conducted on Juniperus communis in South Germany. Abstract: The inherent linkage between photosynthesis and the formation of wood is important for the understanding of relationships between tree-ring series and climate/environmental data in dendroclimatology studies. However, it is impossible to reach a mechanistic procedure of tree stem radial growth depending on its carbon balance from a traditional statistical point of view alone. Pulse labelling experiment with stable carbon isotope (13CO2) has provided innovative insights into the fate of recently assimilated carbon in organs and carbon-containing compounds. In this study, we conducted an in situ pulse labelling experiment on 27 July 2016 to examine the response of tree ring and different-aged needles to short-term elevated 13CO2 of a juniper shrub growing on a heathland in South Germany. New and old needles from four expositions were sampled before and after the experiment. A wood segment was taken from the main branch and stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) was analysed at an intra-annual time scale. Before the experiment, the mean δ13C was − 26.8 ± 0.4‰ (mean ± standard deviation) for both needle ages, while woody tissue showed about 3‰ higher δ13C compared to needles. Substantial enriched 13C was detected in the needles after the experiment. New needles showed significant higher δ13C than the old ones 1–7 days after the experiment. Significant enriched δ13C was detected in the wood from 35 to 61% of the annual tree ring in 2016, indicating that the short-term enrichment of 13C can affect wood formation for a large section. No enhancement in 13C signal appeared in the tree ring of the subsequent year 2017, suggesting the absence of a carryover effect. Wood formation did not reply on the carbohydrates stored even 1 year before and thus tree-ring ecophysiological modelling as well as dendrochronological studies should therefore benefit from such result.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2020-11-06
Keywords: Carryover effect; Dendrochronology; Needle ages; Shrub species; Stable carbon isotope

Nördliche Oberpfalz : weißes Gold und schwarzer Basalt / Martin Füßl ; Berthold Weber. Wiebelsheim 2009 - Hübner, Thomas (2009)

Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction during the last millennium using multiple annual proxies - Shi, Feng; Yang, Bao; Mairesse, Aurèlien; von Gunten, Lucien; Li, Jianping; Bräuning, Achim; Yang, Fengmei; Xiao, Xia (Climate Research, 2013)
Previous studies have either exclusively used annual tree-ring data or have combined tree-ring series with other, lower temporal resolution proxy series. Both approaches can lead to significant uncertainties, as tree-rings may underestimate the amplitude of past temperature variations, and the validity of non-annual records cannot be clearly assessed. In this study, we assembled 45 published Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature proxy records covering the past millennium, each of which satisfied 3 essential criteria: the series must be of annual resolution, span at least a thousand years, and represent an explicit temperature signal. Suitable climate archives included ice cores, varved lake sediments, tree-rings and speleothems. We reconstructed the average annual land temperature series for the NH over the last millennium by applying 3 different reconstruction techniques: (1) principal components (PC) plus second-order autoregressive model (AR2), (2) composite plus scale (CPS) and (3) regularized errors-in-variables approach (EIV). Our reconstruction is in excellent agreement with 6 climate model simulations (including the first 5 models derived from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and an earth system model of intermediate complexity (LOVECLIM), showing similar temperatures at multidecadal timescales; however, all simulations appear to underestimate the temperature during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP). A comparison with other NH reconstructions shows that our results are consistent with earlier studies. These results indicate that well-validated annual proxy series should be used to minimize proxy-based artifacts, and that these proxy series contain sufficient information to reconstruct the low-frequency climate variability over the past millennium. © Inter-Research 2013.
Keywords: Climate change; Global warming; Palaeoclimatology; Temperature reconstruction

Novel Techniques for Void Filling in Glacier Elevation Change Data Sets - Seehaus, Thorsten; Morgenshtern, Veniamin; Hübner, Fabian; Bänsch, Eberhard; Braun, Matthias (Remote Sensing, 2020)
The increasing availability of digital elevation models (DEMs) facilitates the monitoring of glacier mass balances on local and regional scales. Geodetic glacier mass balances are obtained by differentiating DEMs. However, these computations are usually affected by voids in the derived elevation change data sets. Different approaches, using spatial statistics or interpolation techniques, were developed to account for these voids in glacier mass balance estimations. In this study, we apply novel void filling techniques, which are typically used for the reconstruction and retouche of images and photos, for the first time on elevation change maps. We selected 6210 km2 of glacier area in southeast Alaska, USA, covered by two void-free DEMs as the study site to test different inpainting methods. Different artificially voided setups were generated using manually defined voids and a correlation mask based on stereoscopic processing of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) acquisition. Three “novel” (Telea, Navier–Stokes and shearlet) as well as three “classical” (bilinear interpolation, local and global hypsometric methods) void filling approaches for glacier elevation data sets were implemented and evaluated. The hypsometric approaches showed, in general, the worst performance, leading to high average and local offsets. Telea and Navier–Stokes void filling showed an overall stable and reasonable quality. The best results are obtained for shearlet and bilinear void filling, if certain criteria are met. Considering also computational costs and feasibility, we recommend using the bilinear void filling method in glacier volume change analyses. Moreover, we propose and validate a formula to estimate the uncertainties caused by void filling in glacier volume change computations. The formula is transferable to other study sites, where no ground truth data on the void areas exist, and leads to higher accuracy of the error estimates on void-filled areas. In the spirit of reproducible research, we publish a software repository with the implementation of the novel void filling algorithms and the code reproducing the statistical analysis of the data, along with the data sets themselves.<br
Keywords: glacier mass balance; elevation change; void filling

Nürnberg – einfach Spitze! : 100 Gründe, stolz auf diese Stadt zu sein. Gudensberg-Gleichen 2016 - Hübner, Thomas (2017)

Nürnberg & Erlangen mit Kindern : die 300 besten Ideen für alle, die Mittelfranken erlebnisreich entdecken wollen / Heike K. Ewald & Sylvia Schaub. Frankfurt 2015 - Hübner, Thomas (2015)

Nürnberg und Nürnberger Land : Ausflugsziele zwischen Pegnitz und Fränkischer Alb / hrsg. von Alfried Wieczorek. Stuttgart 2010 - Hübner, Thomas (2010)

Nürnberg von oben : Luftbilder damals und heute / Michael Diefenbacher und Hajo Dietz (Hrsg.). Köln 2010 - Hübner, Thomas (2011)

Nutrient-Induced Modifications of Wood Anatomical Traits of Alchornea lojaensis (Euphorbiaceae) - Spannl, Susanne; Homeier, Jürgen; Bräuning, Achim (Frontiers in Earth Science, 2016)
Regarding woody plant responses on higher atmospheric inputs of the macronutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) on tropical forests in the future, an adaptive modification of wood anatomical traits on the cellular level of woody plants is expected. As part of an interdisciplinary nutrient manipulation experiment (NUMEX) carried out in Southern Ecuador, we present here the first descriptive and quantitative wood anatomical analysis of the tropical evergreen tree species Alchornea lojaensis (Euphorbiaceae). We sampled branch wood of nine individual trees belonging to treatments with N fertilization, N+P fertilization, and a control group, respectively. Quantitative evaluations of eleven different vessel parameters were conducted. The results showed that this endemic tree species will be able to adapt well to the future effects of climate change and higher nutrient deposition. This was firstly implied by an increase in vessel diameter and consequently a higher theo. area-specific hydraulic conductivity with higher nutrient availability. Secondly, the percentage of small vessels (0–20 μm diameter) strongly increased with fertilization. Thirdly, the vessel arrangement (solitary vessels vs. multiple vessel groupings) changed toward a lower percentage of solitary vessel fraction (VS), and concurrently toward a higher total vessel grouping index (VG) and a higher mean group size of non-solitary vessels (VM) after N and N+P addition. We conclude that higher nutrient availability of N and N+P triggered higher foliage amount and water demand, leading to higher cavitation risk in larger vessels. This is counteracted by a stronger grouping of vessels with smaller risk of cavitation to ensure water supply during drier periods that are expected to occur in higher frequency in the near future.

Object-based speckle filtering using multisensoral remote sensing data - Braun, Matthias; et al. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2005)
Speckle - appearing in SAR Images as random noise - hampers image processing techniques like segmentation and classification. Several algorithms have been developed to suppress the speckle effect. One disadvantage, even with optimized speckle reduction algorithms, is a blurring of the image. This effect, which appears especially along the edges of structures, is leading to further problems in subsequent image interpretation. To prevent a loss of information, the knowledge of structures in the image could be an advantage. Therefore the proposed methodology combines common filtering techniques with results from a segmentation of optical images for an object-based speckle filtering. The performance of the adapted algorithm is compared to those of common speckle filters. The accuracy assessment is based on statistical criteria and visual interpretation of the images. The results show that the efficiency of the speckle filter algorithm can be increased while a loss of information can be reduced using the boundary during the filtering process.
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2005.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.object
Keywords: ASAR; Landsat; SAR; Segmentation; Speckle filtering

Observational Assessments of Glacier Mass Changes at Regional and Global Level - Thomson, Laura; Brun, Fanny; Braun, Matthias; Zemp, Michael (Frontiers in Earth Science, 2021)
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2021-02-26
Keywords: climate change; cryosphere; glaciers; mass change; sea-level rise

Observed and simulated Indian Ocean Dipole activity since the mid-19th century and its relation to East African short rains - Thielke, Anja; Mölg, Thomas (International Journal of Climatology, 2019)
The coupled atmosphere–ocean phenomenon in the Indian Ocean, known as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode, shows various influences on regional tropical climates. East Africa (EA) experiences enhanced precipitation during October–December (the annual “short rains”), and therefore it was hypothesized that a shift from wetter to drier conditions in EA after 1880 documented by proxy data (e.g., lake levels, glacier size) was favoured by a decline in positive IOD frequency. However, this proposed century-scale pattern of the IOD emerged from single data sets, while the ensemble perspective from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) global climate model (GCM) archive is still missing. Based on rigorous test criteria that capture crucial IOD and EA climate characteristics, the present study identifies 15 runs from the CMIP5 data for the ensemble analyses. A key result of the test is that the ensemble is dominated by the GISS E2 H model (13 realizations) with a little influence from HadCM3 (2 realizations), and therefore most CMIP5 models seem unable to capture the long-term variability of EA precipitation. The selected model realizations show a significant increase in the frequency of positive IOD events in the late 20th century, in agreement with previous research and most likely due to external climate forcing. Further frequency changes are absent in the available time series, yet we find that the precipitation excess during positive IODs was stronger in the 19th century (1860–1909) than in the recent decades (1956–2005). Both thermodynamic factors on the regional scale (convection, evaporation) and dynamical processes on the large scale (strength of the zonal tropical circulation) emerge as physical basis of this changing IOD property. The higher precipitation intensity in EA during positive IOD events in the 19th century period provides a consistent mechanism that could have contributed to the moister regional climate of that time, irrespective of IOD frequency.
CRIS-Team Scopus Importer:2019-05-02
Keywords: CMIP5; East African short rains; Indian Ocean Dipole; long-term variability

Observed glacial changes on the King George Island ice cap, Antarctica, in the last decade - Rückamp, Martin; Braun, Matthias; Suckro, Sonja; Blindow, Norbert (Global and Planetary Change, 2011)
The Antarctic Peninsula has been identified as a region of rapid on-going climate change with impacts on the cryosphere. The knowledge of glacial changes and freshwater budgets resulting from intensified glacier melt is an important boundary condition for many biological and integrated earth system science approaches. We provide a case study on glacier and mass balance changes for the ice cap of King George Island. The area loss between 2000 and 2008 amounted to about 20 km2 (about 1.6% of the island area) and compares to glacier retreat rates observed in previous years. Measured net accumulation rates for two years (2007 and 2008) show a strong interannual variability with maximum net accumulation rates of 4950 mm w.e. a− 1 and 3184 mm w.e. a− 1, respectively. These net accumulation rates are at least 4 times higher than reported mean values (1926–95) from an ice core. An elevation dependent precipitation rate of 343 mm w.e. a− 1 (2007) and 432 mm w.e. a− 1 (2008) per 100 m elevation increase was observed. Despite these rather high net accumulation rates on the main ice cap, consistent surface lowering was observed at elevations below 270 m above ellipsoid over an 11-year period. These DGPS records reveal a linear dependence of surface lowering with altitude with a maximum annual surface lowering rate of 1.44 ma− 1 at 40 m and − 0.20 ma− 1 at 270 m above ellipsoid. These results fit well to observations by other authors and surface lowering rates derived from the ICESat laser altimeter. Assuming that climate conditions of the past 11 years continue, the small ice cap of Bellingshausen Dome will disappear in about 285 years.
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2011.nat.dgeo.IG.pgfgis.surfac
Keywords: glacier retreat; DGPS; mass loss; elevation change; remote sensing; South Shetland Islands; Antarctic Peninsula; climate change

Onkel Albert und der Urknall : eine neue Geschichte um Einstein und seine Theorie. Bindlach 1991 - Hübner, Thomas (1992)

On Mathews Correlation Coefficient and Improved Distance Map Loss for Automatic Glacier Calving Front Segmentation in SAR Imagery - Davari, Amirabbas; Islam, Saahil; Seehaus, Thorsten; Hartmann, Andreas; Braun, Matthias; Maier, Andreas; Christlein, Vincent (IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021)
The vast majority of the outlet glaciers and ice streams of the polar ice sheets end in the ocean. Ice mass loss via calving of the glaciers into the ocean has increased over the last few decades. Information on the temporal variability of the calving front position (CFP) provides fundamental information on the state of the glacier and ice stream, which can be exploited as calibration and validation data to enhance ice dynamics modeling. To identify the CFP automatically, deep neural network-based semantic segmentation pipelines can be used to delineate the acquired synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. However, the extreme class imbalance is highly challenging for the accurate calving front segmentation in these images. Therefore, we propose the use of the Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC) as an early stopping criterion because of its symmetrical properties and its invariance toward class imbalance. Moreover, we propose an improvement to the distance map-based binary cross-entropy (BCE) loss function. The distance map adds context to the loss function about the important regions for segmentation and helps to account for the imbalanced data. Using MCC as early stopping demonstrates an average 2.16% dice coefficient improvement for the segmentation of the slightly imbalanced ice/nonice regions and 17.43% dice coefficient improvement for segmenting the highly imbalanced CFPs, compared to the commonly used BCE. The modified distance map loss further improves the calving front segmentation performance by another 1.6%. These results are encouraging as they support the effectiveness of the proposed methods for segmentation problems suffering from extreme class imbalances.
Keywords: Image segmentation; Ice; Radar polarimetry; Measurement; Monitoring; Task analysis; Optical losses; Class imbalance; improved distance map loss; Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC); semantic segmentation

On the influence of autocorrelation on the significance of wavelet spectral peaks - Hochreuther, Philipp; Wernicke, Jakob; Grießinger, Jussi; Bräuning, Achim (Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2016, 2017)

On the problem of possible last-glacial forest-refuge-areas within the deep valleys of eastern Tibet - Frenzel, Burkhard; Adamczyk, Sonja; et al. (Erdkunde, 2003)
Based on the results of our six expeditions to the Tibetan Plateau, it was investigated whether, during the last glaciation, forest refuge-areas had only existed at the periphery of the Tibetan Plateau, as it is generally suggested, or within the deep East-Tibetan river gorges, as well. This investigation was done by pollen analyses on peat-bogs, which date from the Late-glacial to Holocene transition or at least from the very beginning of the Holocene, and by dendroclimatological studies and studies on the distribution pattern of various botanical taxa with the support of international literature. The following results were obtained: 1) All three methodical approaches equivocally point to forest-refuge areas in the region of the deep East-Tibetan river gorges, which seem to have existed during the last glaciation. 2) It is unknown, whether one or more of these refuge-areas existed. 3) The history of these refuge-areas still remains unknow
UnivIS-Import:2015-03-09:Pub.2003.nat.dgeo.IG.LGIPDT.onthep

On the Territoriality of Cross-Border Cooperation: "Institutional Mapping in a Multi-Level Context. - Chilla, Tobias; Evrard, Estelle; Schulz, Christian (European Planning Studies, 2012)
UnivIS-Import:2015-04-20:Pub.2012.nat.dgeo.IG.pgeog.onthet

On variable relations between vegetation patterns and canopy reflectance - Feilhauer, Hannes; Schmidtlein, Sebastian (Ecological Informatics, 2011)
Statistical relations between the species composition of plant assemblages and canopy reflectance are frequently employed in remote sensing for mapping vegetation at local scales. Reflectance is influenced by species composition but also affected by dynamics such as seasonal vegetation development or plant stress. Due to this variability in time and space, doubts are frequently raised with respect to the transferability of statistical relations in remote sensing of plant assemblages. Hence, this study addresses the stability of statistical relations between species composition and reflectance despite of spatiotemporally changing vegetation conditions. We established permanent plots at three temperate sites (nutrient-poor grassland, wet heath, and floodplain meadow). We measured canopy reflectance at multiple dates over the vegetation period using a field spectrometer with hyperspectral resolution. Simultaneously, plant species composition and other vegetation and surface parameters that may exert influence on reflectance were recorded. Species composition was statistically related to the corresponding reflectance data using ordination (Isometric Feature Mapping) and cross-validated regression models (Partial Least Squares Regression). Time series of model fits as well as regression coefficients were used to estimate the temporal stability of the models. Model fits were further compared to changes in vegetation conditions. Model residuals were tested for co-variable influences. Finally, we tested the transferability of the statistical relations in time. Results showed that species composition could be modeled with rather high accuracies (R in validation up to 0.78 and for only three measurements lower than 0.5), with the highest fits near the vegetation optimum (i.e., the date with maximum cover of photosynthetically active vegetation). The transferability in time varied with the vegetation type. Uncertainties in the models were strongly related to variable canopy height and to the occurrence of litter. Since such spatial heterogeneities may be a result of non-stationary processes, we conclude that statistical methods taking into account such effects may further improve the accuracy of vegetation mapping. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords: Hyperspectral remote sensing; Isometric feature mapping; Multitemporal; Non-stationarity; Partial Least Squares Regression; Plant species composition

Onward (Im)Mobilities and Integration Processes of Refugee Newcomers in Rural Bavaria, Germany - Weidinger, Tobias (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2021)
Chosen by some and an ‘accidental’ host country for others as they have got stuck on their way to other places, in the last decade Germany has become the European country hosting the greatest number of forced migrants in absolute numbers. Having arrived by means of illegal entry, resettlement schemes, relocation within the EU or in the course of family reunion, freedom of movement and onward mobility is limited for asylum seekers as well as recognized and resettled refugees, by a dispersal policy and a residence rule, which has led to a situation in which forced migrants are not only situated in urban areas, but must also increasingly be considered a rural phenomenon. While population development in rural areas has been framed by the attributes ‘ageing’ and ‘decreasing’ for many years, going hand in hand with the necessity of safeguarding and adapting the provision of infrastructures and services, the (re)settlement of forced migrants in these regions has been seen as a possibility by many actors in the last couple of years. However, due to migrants’ expectations of onward mobilities towards cities, it remained unclear, whether forced migrants can sustainably reverse population decline, and counteract labor and skill shortages and the decline of infrastructures and services. Against this backdrop, the goal of the thesis was to better understand the onward (im)mobilities and integration processes of these ‘refugee newcomers’ (i.e. asylum seekers and recognized and resettled refugees) in rural areas in Germany, focusing on rural specificities in terms of settlement and integration. The theoretical-conceptual aim, accordingly, was to contribute to the field of migration and human (im)mobility research. Empirically, the thesis aimed, firstly, to analyze the discursive framing of refugee settlement processes in rural areas; secondly, to analyze the residential and everyday (im)mobilities of refugee newcomers in rural areas, drawing on the new mobilities paradigm, and, thirdly, to identify the characteristics of mechanisms of socio-spatial exclusion and inclusion of forced migrants in rural areas in terms of everyday mobility and access to housing. Methodologically and ethically, the project sought to develop and enhance sound research tools that are able to give voice to refugee newcomers, and better able to integrate them in re- search processes, leading to an enhanced understanding of their life-worlds in general and of their experience of socio-spatial exclusion and inclusion specifically. To achieve these goals, the dissertation is based on an interdisciplinary multi-method approach. Empirical research was conducted in rural Bavaria, Germany, and the results are presented in a series of five articles. Each article addresses particular aspects of onward (im)mobilities and integration processes as well as methodological issues. Because refugees had already been subject to dispersal policies and residence rules, and in acknowledgement of the call for a historic turn in social sciences in general (McDonald 1996) and migration studies specifically (Bade 1987; Martiniello 2013), the first paper (#1 NRG) aims to add a historical perspective to the debate. By means of comparing policy narratives in favor of the spatial distribution of forced migrants towards rural areas in Germany during the most important periods and among the most prominent groups of refugee newcomers, i.e. refugees and expellees after World War II and asylum seekers and recognized refugees in the 2010s, the article shows that – even in changing economic and social contexts – three policy narratives on the distribution of forced migrants to rural areas continued to per- sist over time. Consequently, political actors intertwine aspects of burden sharing with issues of regional development of rural areas; i.e. they see refugee newcomers as a source of potential for development in the realms of housing and the labor market as well as for the provision of infrastructure, revealing the expectation of a migration-development-nexus, which was previously largely discussed in relation to the sending countries. The second (#2 EUR) and third (#3 ERD) papers then discuss the onward (im)mobilities of forced migrants - especially with regard to the question of whether they move on to cities, as – along with immigration – this could hamper the governance of spatial development. Results from a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews with refugee newcomers and local actors revealed the complex (im)mobility trajectories of forced migrants. While forced onward mobility occurs during the asylum procedure due to the profitability of providers’ of accommoda- tion, and as a result of disciplinary measures and safety issues, after recognition other patterns of onward mobilities, including moving back and forth, i.e. rural-urban-migration, re-migration to rural areas and rural in-migration, and staying put (especially in rural small towns) can be identified. However, everyday mobility processes of varying duration result in periods during which forced migrants are absent as well as periods during which they are present. These processes indicate interdepend- ency between residential and everyday mobilities and reveal the refugee newcomers’ reaction against the sedentarist logic of the state. The fourth (#4 JRS) and fifth (#5 IMI) papers attempt to contrast the political actors’ lines of arguments with the everyday experiences of forced migrants. The everyday mobility of the population and refugee newcomers is a core issue in rural areas and was thus added to the integration model of Ager and Strang (2008) as an additional facilitating key component of integration. However, the newcomers’ socio-spatial exclusion and inclusion in terms of everyday mobility is dynamic over time and depends on a number of things, including the availability of transport opportunities to places, the safety and security of the route, and the measures provided by local actors and refugee communities as well as their own mobility aspirations, family situations, and their agency and resources. Empirical data confirm that access to housing, seen as easily available in rural areas from a political actor’s perspective, is another important means and marker of integration. As with everyday mobility, forced migrants’ socio-spatial exclusion and inclusion in terms of access to housing is dynamic over time and depends on a variety of interwoven factors: the number of houses available in the local housing market, the size, condition and location of available rental apartments, the previous experience of landlords and real estate agents, and measures provided by local actors and refugee communities as well as newcomers’ own residential preferences, family situation, their agency and resources. To analyze the spatial and temporal dimension of forced migrants’ life-worlds, i.e. their everyday mobilities and the meanings they attach to places (#4 JRS) as well as their residential preferences and actions over time (#5 IMI), the thesis drew on both biographical-narrative and participatory and visual approaches, and integrated the timeline tool and mobility mapping into biographical-narrative interviews. Due to their mostly visual character, the interviews were more independent of participants’ reading and writing abilities and thus able to better integrate refugee newcomers into the research process. The graphic visualization supported forced migrants’ ability to remember and chronologically structure residential locations and life events and strengthened their ability to express themselves. In this way, interaction and discussion was stimulated, allowing for a collaborative analysis even at the interview stage, reducing asymmetries of power and raising self-awareness among participants. Based on its findings, the thesis recommends that future research should more systematically focus on how receiving societies influence the integration of forced migrants, i.e. ‘refugee-integration-opportunity structures’ (Phillimore 2020), bearing in mind the important role that place and locality have on integration. Secondly, it should seek to compare both refugee newcomers’ decision-making processes about moving on or staying put and their experiences of mechanisms of socio-spatial exclusion and inclusion with those of other groups residing in rural areas, e.g. children, teenagers, seniors, illiterates, individuals with limited financial resources, and people of color or other migrants (‘de-migranticization’, Dahinden 2016). Finally, the thesis suggests a need for longitudinal studies on the life-worlds of refugee newcomers.
Keywords: Bavarian forest; flight; housing; international migration; mobility; population geography; refugee; rural area; social integration

Onward (im)mobilities: conceptual reflections and empirical findings from lifestyle migration research and refugee studies - Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias (Erde, 2019)
Taking the new mobility paradigm as a starting point, this article provides a broader perspective on migration processes that goes beyond decision-making processes, the journey and the arrival, and addresses onward mobilities instead. In this regard, we assume that people permanently negotiate the decision where and how to live by means of various mobility practices and the establishment of place-based belonging. In order to capture different migrant groups, we provide empirical material from two different mixed methods case studies: (1) a study on relatively affluent lifestyle migrants in coastal areas and the rural hinterland in Spain and (2) refugees, who were initially placed in rural Bavaria, Germany. We firstly aim to unravel mobility processes among lifestyle migrants and refugees after arrival in Spain or Germany. Secondly, we aim to identify how migrants’ mobility strategies counteract sedentarist logics of the state. Empirical data show that migrants’ onward mobilities vary at length and thus blur boundaries between residential and everyday mobility. While negotiating mobility and immobility, they develop agency and learn to decide whether, when and how to be mobile or to be fixed to places and establish strategies how to deal with territorially based logics of the state. Thus, state authorities are highly interested in regulations to identify where people reside. Apart from security issues, particularly welfare states have to find solutions how to be responsible for people in a way that goes beyond territorially based registrations. In conceptual terms, results finally provide empirical evidence for a broader understanding of migration, especially considering onward mobility and forms of desired immobility.<br
Keywords: migration; new mobility paradigm; lifestyle migrants; refugees; agency

OpenStreetMap in Israel and Palestine – ‘Game changer’ or reproducer of contested cartographies? - Bittner, Christian (Political Geography, 2017)
In Israel and Palestine, map-making practices were always entangled with contradictive spatial identities and imbalanced power resources. Although an Israeli narrative has largely dominated the ‘cartographic battlefield’, the latest chapter of this story has not been written yet: collaborative forms of web 2.0 cartographies have restructured power relations in mapping practices and challenged traditional monopolies on map and spatial data production. Thus, we can expect web 2.0 cartographies to be a ‘game changer’ for cartography in Palestine and Israel. In this paper, I review this assumption with the popular example of OpenStreetMap (OSM). Following a mixed methods approach, I comparatively analyze the genesis of OSM in Israel and Palestine. Although nationalist motives do not play a significant role on either side, it turns out that the project is dominated by Israeli and international mappers, whereas Palestinians have hardly contributed to OSM. As a result, social fragmentations and imbalances between Israel and Palestine are largely reproduced through OSM data. Discussing the low involvement of Palestinians, I argue that OSM's ground truth paradigm might be a watershed for participation. Presumably, the project's data are less meaningful in some local contexts than in others. Moreover, the seemingly apolitical approach to map only ‘facts on the ground’ reaffirms present spatio-social order and thus the power relations behind it. Within a Palestinian narrative, however, many aspects of the factual material space might appear not as neutral physical objects but as results of suppression, in which case, any ‘accurate’ spatial representation, such as OSM, becomes objectionable.
Keywords: OpenStreetMap; Israel; Palestine; Critical cartography; Web 2.0 cartographies; Volunteered geographic information

Opportunities and applications of dendrochronology in Africa. - Gebrekirstos, Aster; Bräuning, Achim; Sass-Klassen, Ute; Mbow, Cheikh (Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014)
Partly due to severe lack of instrumental climate data, the drivers of the African climate, their interactions and impacts are poorly understood. The paper demonstrates the prospects and applications of dendroecological and stable isotope techniques, such as to reconstruct climate variability, trends and atmospheric circulation patterns, to fill the knowledge gap in ecosystem productivity and hydrological cycle in different climatic zones of Africa. We summarize the contribution of tree-ring analyses to validation of climate and hydrological models for improved scenarios, and to identify agroforestry species with the ability to acclimate to exacerbated climate conditions. A high number of African tree species shows datable annual tree rings and may reach multi century age. To advance dendrochronology in Africa, collaborative efforts in capacity building of African universities and research organizations are needed.

Optical trait indicators for remote sensing of plant species composition: predictive power and seasonal variability - Feilhauer, Hannes; Somers, Ben; van der Linden, Sebastian (Ecological Indicators, 2017)

Outer Space : der Kosmos-Bildatlas des Sonnensystems. Stuttgart 2005 - Hübner, Thomas (2005)

Outlook: Impact of Migration in Rural and Mountain Areas - Kordel, Stefan; Weidinger, Tobias (Report on Conceptual Frameworks on Migration Processes and Local Development in Rural and Mountain Areas (= Deliverable 2.4 of MATILDE project), 2020)

Out-of-the-box Calving Front Detection Method Using Deep Learning - Herrmann, Oskar; Gourmelon, Nora; Seehaus, Thorsten; Maier, Andreas; Fürst, Johannes; Braun, Matthias; Christlein, Vincent (Cryosphere, 2023)