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@article{faucris.319620664,
abstract = {High numbers of function
evaluations are inevitable to guarantee the reliability and optimality of
sampling-based tolerance–cost optimization. Despite using different
countermeasures to increase its efficiency, unreasonably long computation times
and unreliable results currently hinder its profitable application. Motivated
to overcome this shortcoming, this article presents a novel strategy
harmonizing metaheuristic optimization and surrogate modelling. It is based on
the idea of adaptive surrogate model-based optimization substituting the
tolerance analysis subroutine with a surrogate model, which is iteratively
re-modelled with intermediate optimization results to improve its accuracy
continuously in potential optima regions. On the one hand, a directed intensification
of promising solutions and, on the other hand, an accelerated exploration of
the search space is achieved. Optimization studies prove its positive effect on
overall efficiency, where a case study with multiple nonlinear assembly
response functions and geometrical tolerances serves as a use cas},
author = {Roth, Martin and Freitag, Stephan and Franz, Michael and Götz, Stefan and Wartzack, Sandro},
doi = {10.1080/0305215X.2024.2306142},
faupublication = {yes},
journal = {Engineering Optimization},
keywords = {Tolerance–cost optimization; Tolerance allocation; Sampling-based tolerance analysis; Surrogate modelling; Metaheuristic optimization},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{Accelerating} sampling-based tolerance–cost optimization by adaptive surrogate models},
year = {2024}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.123140644,
abstract = {The finite element method is, alongside with CAD, one of the most
efficient tools for optimizing the quality of engineering tasks (Klein
2010). Furthermore, the currently available FE software is getting more
and more user friendly. However, especially less experienced users -
such as designers - perform more and more FE simulations but do not
have the knowledge of experienced computation engineers. Often these
users do not have a complete overview of the performance of currently
used simulation and calculation tools for securing product and also
manufacturing process characteristics. However it is highly essential to
optimize the quality and minimize the costs of a technical design as
early as possible during the product development process. Therefore,
these users need to be assisted when performing simulation tasks. This
can be achieved by an integrated plausibility check in the postprocessing
of the FE software. When an existing FE result data set is
checked for plausibility further steps towards a better assistance for part
time users can be taken. Such as an error assistant for implausible
results or a context-sensitive result visualization to help the user to
understand the simulated results.
The presented approach in this paper is part of the Bavarian Research
Cooperation FORPRO² for efficient product and process development
by knowledge based simulation. The aim of the Research Cooperation
is to increase efficiency of virtual product and process development
through the creation of an expert knowledge based simulation
framework for property optimization and quality improvement of new
products. The expected result is to provide the necessary situational
simulation knowledge as a function of decisive factors such as the
phase in the development process, the manufacturing processes
employed, and the company's individual circumstances. Within the
Research Cooperation an FEA-assistance system with an integrated
plausibility check is developed. In this paper an approach for plausibility
checks applicable for different standard components with mathematical
meta-models is presented. At first the terms plausibility, verification and
validation are distinguished. Then different meta-models and their
requirements and possibilities for evaluating the quality are shown. The
paper closes with an exemplary application – a piston pin of a combustion engine, for which a plausibility check with different mathematical meta-models is demonstrated.},
author = {Sprügel, Tobias and Hallmann, Martin and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {Summary of Proceedings},
date = {2015-06-21/2015-06-24},
faupublication = {yes},
isbn = {978-1-910643-24-2},
keywords = {plausibility checks; FEM; structural mechanics; meta-models; RSM; ANN},
note = {UnivIS-Import:2015-10-26:Pub.2015.tech.FT.FT-KLMEFK.aconce},
pages = {-},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{A} concept for {FE} plausibility checks in structural mechanics},
url = {https://www.mfk.uni-erlangen.de?file=pubmfk{\_}563781bbb8c24},
venue = {San Diego},
year = {2015}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.224276587,
abstract = {When using additive manufacturing processes, the choice of the numerous
settings for the process and design parameters significantly influences
the build and production time. To reduce the required build time, it is
useful to adapt the parameters with the greatest influence. However,
since the contribution of the individual parameters is not readily
apparent, a sensible choice of process and design parameters can become a
challenging task.
Thus, the following article presents a method, that enables the product
developer to determine the main contributors to the required build time
of additively manufactured products. By using this sensitivity analysis
method, the contributors of the individual parameters can be analyzed
for a given parametrized CAD model with the help of an analysis-based
build time estimation approach. The novelty of the contribution can be
found in providing a method that allows studying both design and process
parameters simultaneously, taking the machine to be used into account.
The exemplary application of the presented method to a sample part
manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling demonstrates its benefits and
applicabilit},
address = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
author = {Hallmann, Martin and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED19)},
date = {2019-08-05/2019-08-08},
doi = {10.1017/dsi.2019.69},
faupublication = {yes},
keywords = {Additive Manufacturing, 3D printing, Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM),
Sensitivity analysis, Analysis-based build time estimation},
pages = {649-658},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
title = {{A} {Method} for {Analyzing} the {Influence} of {Process} and {Design} {Parameters} on the {Build} {Time} of {Additively} {Manufactured} {Components}},
url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5d43c7de31182},
venue = {Delft},
year = {2019}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.204162974,
abstract = {
Since the first successful integrations of additive manufacturing processes into industrial production, the achievable component qualities, such as geometric accuracy and surface quality, have improved significantly. Hence, such processes are often used for the manufacturing of directly usable components. Nevertheless, the deviations caused by the generative production principles are inevitably and strongly dependent on the respective machine. To address these aspects in the tolerance-driven design of additively manufactured components, a procedure for the acquisition of machine-specific component deviations is presented and applied to a revolute joint as an exampl}, author = {Hallmann, Martin and Kunz, David and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro}, booktitle = {Design for X. Beiträge zum 29. DfX-Symposium}, date = {2018-09-25/2018-09-26}, editor = {Krause, D.; Paetzold, K.; Wartzack S.}, faupublication = {yes}, keywords = {Fused Deposition Modeling, Geometric Accuracy; Influences of production; Design of Experiment}, pages = {167-178}, peerreviewed = {Yes}, title = {{Analyse} anlagenspezifischer {Fertigungseinflüsse} auf die {Genauigkeit} {FDM}-gedruckter {Bauteile}}, url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5bac919fc9d53}, venue = {Tutzing}, year = {2018} } @article{faucris.229029698, abstract = {Die Vergabe von Toleranzen dient der Erfüllung festgelegter Qualitätskriterien, beeinflusst jedoch zugleich wesentlich die Fertigungskosten. Um diesen Konflikt effizient zu lösen, hat sich die Methode der Toleranz-Kosten-Optimierung etabliert. Voraussetzung für eine realitätsnahe Toleranzfestlegung ist die Verfügbarkeit eines geeigneten Kostenmodells. Obgleich aus Literatur und Praxis zahlreiche Ansätze bekannt sind, eignen sich diese nur bedingt für die Serienfertigung. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, wird im Folgenden ein neuer Ansatz zur Ermittlung von Kostenkurven, welche unter anderem prozessfähigkeitsabhängige Messkosten als auch mehrere Prozessparameter berücksichtigt, vorgestellt. Das Beispiel eines Hochdruckeinspritzventils zeigt exemplarisch dessen Anwendung im industriellen Umfeld.}, author = {Brückner, Kai and Storch, Markus and Hallmann, Martin and Heling, Björn and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro}, faupublication = {yes}, journal = {Konstruktion}, pages = {84-90}, peerreviewed = {Yes}, title = {{Ansatz} zur {Ermittlung} von {Toleranz}-{Kosten}-{Kurven} in der {Serienproduktion}}, url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5dcaa67824006}, volume = {71}, year = {2019} } @inproceedings{faucris.203595656, abstract = {Tolerance-cost-optimizations help to find optimal tolerances for a given tolerance design, which achieve minimum total costs while satisfying the quality requirements. These requirements are commonly expressed as scrap rates in ppm-range.
This paper presents several methods for the scrap rate estimation in sampling-based tolerance-cost-optimizations. Moreover, the proposed approaches are applied to a typical case study and compared in terms of their required computation time and the obtained optimization results. The novelty of the contribution can be found in comparing different scrap rate estimation techniques for sampling-based tolerance-cost-optimizations and giving recommendations to researchers as well as practitioner},
author = {Hallmann, Martin and Schleich, Benjamin and Heling, Björn and Aschenbrenner, Alexander and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {Procedia CIRP, Volume 75},
date = {2018-06-11/2018-06-13},
doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2018.01.005},
editor = {Giovanni Moroni, Stefano Petrò},
faupublication = {yes},
keywords = {tolerance-cost-optimization; scrap rate; Latin-Hypercube-Sampling},
pages = {51-56},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
title = {{Comparison} of different methods for scrap rate estimation in sampling-based tolerance-cost-optimization},
url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5b8e1c6e9b121},
venue = {Mailand},
year = {2018}
}
@article{faucris.285062061,
abstract = {Driven by the steadily increasing digitization of design and manufacturing, digital twins, which describe the tight connection of models from design with data streams from manufacturing and product operation, are becoming more and more important. Particularly in geometrical variations management, digital twins can be used beneficially, for example, to identify joining partners that fit together ideally despite geometrical deviations, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and increasing product quality. Motivated by the increasing importance of these approaches with a simultaneous lack of training offers for this, a teaching unit was developed, which aims at students acquiring competencies for the independent development of a digital twin and its exemplary use in geometrical variations management. The paper describes the conceptualization and elaboration of this teaching unit on digital twins in geometrical variations management and carves out opportunities for its further improvement.
},
author = {Roth, Martin and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro},
doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.207},
faupublication = {yes},
journal = {Procedia CIRP},
keywords = {Least-cost tolerance allocation; Tolerance-cost optimization; Machine selection; Batch size; Process planning},
pages = {13-18},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{Concurrent} {Machine} and {Batch} {Size} {Selection} in {Sampling}-based {Tolerance}-{Cost} {Optimization}},
volume = {109},
year = {2022}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.289079567,
abstract = {Optimization has gained increased attention in product development and
is nowadays profitably used to solve complex design problems. In
tolerance design, tolerance-cost optimization is a systematic and
efficient approach to allocate part tolerance values in a cost-optimal
way. The usage of sampling-based tolerance analysis techniques thereby
enables the consideration of machine-specific part tolerance
distributions as well as individual batch sizes and thus facilitates a
concurrent allocation of tolerances and machines. With the aim to
further exploit its potential by embedding assembly aspects, this
article presents a novel approach combining tolerance-cost optimization
and optimal selective assembly. Based on an initial introduction of its
general idea, a global optimization problem is defined to simultaneously
identify the best combination of tolerance values, machines with their
batch sizes and sorting orders of the individual batches. Subsequently,
its solution using metaheuristic optimization algorithms and
mixed-integer variables is presented. The theoretical findings are
finally confirmed by its exemplary application to a use case indicating
that it can reveal hidden cost improvement potentials in tolerance
desig},
author = {Roth, Martin and Seitz, Markus Johannes and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2022)},
date = {2022-10-30/2022-11-03},
doi = {10.1115/IMECE2022-88775},
faupublication = {yes},
isbn = {978-0-7918-8663-2},
keywords = {tolerance-cost optimization; tolerance allocation; selective assembly; mixed-integer optimization; Monte Carlo sampling},
pages = {V02AT02A008},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
series = {Volume 2A: Advanced Manufacturing},
title = {{Coupling} {Sampling}-{Based} {Tolerance}-{Cost} {Optimization} and {Selective} {Assembly} – {An} {Integrated} {Approach} for {Optimal} {Tolerance} {Allocation}},
venue = {Columbus, Ohio, USA},
year = {2023}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.241655253,
address = {Stamsried},
author = {Wartzack, Sandro and Schleich, Benjamin and Heling, Björn and Götz, Stefan and Hallmann, Martin and Schächtl, Paul and Franz, Michael and Kramer, Vincent},
booktitle = {Summer School Toleranzmanagement - Beiträge zur 4. Summer School - September 2020},
date = {2020-09-28/2020-09-28},
editor = {Sandro Wartzack},
faupublication = {yes},
isbn = {978-3-89650-504-0},
pages = {3-13},
peerreviewed = {unknown},
publisher = {Druck+Verlag Ernst Vögel GmbH},
title = {{Durchgängiges} {Toleranzmanagement} aus {Sicht} des {Lehrstuhls} für {Konstruktionstechnik}},
url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5f3a7c2d86bcd},
venue = {Erlangen},
year = {2020}
}
@article{faucris.265159576,
abstract = {The development of complex products with high quality in dynamic markets requires appropriate robust design and tolerancing workflows supporting the entire product development process. Despite the large number of methods and tools available for designers and tolerance engineers, there are hardly any consistent approaches that are applicable throughout all development stages. This is mainly due to the break between the primarily qualitative approaches for the concept stage and the quantitative parameter and tolerance design activities in subsequent stages. Motivated by this, this paper bridges the gap between these two different views by contrasting the used terminology and methods. Moreover, it studies the effects of early robust design decisions with a focus on Suh’s Axiomatic Design axioms on later parameter and tolerance optimization. Since most robust design activities in concept design can be ascribed to these axioms, this allows reliable statements about the specific benefits of early robust design decisions on the entire process considering variation in product development for the first time. The presented effects on the optimization of nominal design parameters and their tolerance values are shown by means of a case study based on ski bindings.
},
author = {Götz, Stefan and Roth, Martin and Schleich, Benjamin},
doi = {10.3390/app11209407},
faupublication = {yes},
journal = {Applied Sciences},
keywords = {robust design; parameter optimization; tolerance optimization; early design stages; axiomatic design},
pages = {9407},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{Early} {Robust} {Design}—{Its} {Effect} on {Parameter} and {Tolerance} {Optimization}},
volume = {11},
year = {2021}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.306661235,
address = {Erlangen},
author = {Schächtl, Paul and Roth, Martin and Götz, Stefan and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {Tagungsband der 5. Summer School Toleranzmanagement 2023},
date = {2023-07-03},
doi = {10.25593/978-3-96147-665-7},
editor = {Sandro Wartzack},
faupublication = {yes},
isbn = {978-3-96147-665-7},
pages = {25-32},
peerreviewed = {No},
publisher = {FAU University Press},
title = {{Effiziente}, prozessorientierte {Konformitätsbewertung} bei {Toleranzsimulationen} auf {Basis} von {Klassifikationsmodellen}},
url = {https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-fau/frontdoor/index/index/docId/23372},
venue = {Erlangen},
year = {2023}
}
@incollection{faucris.230217723,
abstract = {Additive Fertigungsverfahren haben sich aufgrund ihrer losgrößenunabhängigen Fertigungskosten und der großen Gestaltungsfreiheit sowohl in der Forschung als auch in der industriellen Anwendung erfolgreich etabliert. So werden die verschiedenen additiven Verfahren nicht mehr nur für die Herstellung von Prototypen, sondern vermehrt zur Fertigung komplexer, endkonturnaher Bauteile und gesamter Baugruppen angewendet. Dabei konnten in den letzten Jahren zahlreiche Richtlinien für die Gestaltung der schichtweise aufgebauten Bauteile hergeleitet werden. Eine umfassende Betrachtung additiv gefertigter Gelenke fehlt jedoch bisher. Um den Produktentwickler bzw. Konstrukteur bei der Gestaltung von mittels Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) hergestellten Drehgelenken zu unterstützen, werden im nachfolgenden Beitrag relevante Aspekte, wie z. B erforderliche Mindestspalte zur Trennung von nicht- und einfach-gekrümmten Elementen, aufgezeigt. Versuchsergebnisse dienen dabei als Basis für die Ableitung von Richtlinien für das Design FDM-gedruckter Gelenke und ergänzen dadurch die Grundsätze des Design for Additive Manufacturing. Die Umsetzung der erarbeiteten Gestaltungsrichtlinien wird anschließend exemplarisch an einem ebenen Mechanismus dargelegt.
To overcome this drawback, this article addresses the research question how over-constrained systems with gaps can be considered in tolerance-cost optimization ensuring the identification of both reliable and cost-optimal tolerance values. Based on an initial discussion on the complexity of tolerance analysis of over-constrained systems with gaps, their impact on the results and the efficiency of tolerance-cost optimization are discussed. With the aim to ensure a sufficient model accuracy in time-consuming applications, a framework for tolerance-cost optimization considering assemblies with multiple gap configurations based on surrogate models is presented and applied to a case study of industrial complexity. In doing so, a novel framework for a proper and efficient modelling of systems with gaps in tolerance-cost optimization supporting both researchers and practitioners is presente},
author = {Hallmann, Martin and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro},
doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.05.168},
faupublication = {yes},
journal = {Procedia CIRP},
keywords = {Tolerance-cost optimization; Least-cost tolerance allocation; Over-constrained assembly; Tolerance analysis},
pages = {88-93},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
title = {{How} to consider {Over}-constrained {Assemblies} with {Gaps} in {Tolerance}-{Cost} {Optimization}?},
url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de?file=pubmfk{\_}5f3e03ea5a237},
volume = {92},
year = {2020}
}
@inproceedings{faucris.115929044,
abstract = {Dimensional management deals with the fact that the real geometry of every manufactured part deviates from its ideal shape. To
evaluate the effects of these deviations tolerance analysis, which are often based on vectorial models, are carried out.
Nevertheless the use of vectorial models has one major disadvantage – they cannot adequately represent form deviations. As a
consequence new concepts of representations based on the GPS’ Skin Model have been established. Since the use of Skin Model
Shapes (SMS) is time-consuming and does not always offer advantages over vectorial models, the Hybrid Tolerance
Representation (HTR) which combines the advantages of vectorial and discretely represented tolerances is introduced in this
paper. The HTR is based on a classification of the contact situation of the cinematic chain into lower and higher kinematic pairs.
Based in this classification all higher kinematic pairs are going to be represented by SMS whereas lower pairs, are represented by
vectors. Besides the simulation of the contact situation of all higher kinematic pairs the coupling of vectorial and discrete
geometry representations is a challenge. The practical implementation of the presented method is shown on an X-ray shutter.},
author = {Heling, Björn and Hallmann, Martin and Wartzack, Sandro},
booktitle = {27th CIRP Design Conference},
date = {2017-05-10/2017-05-12},
doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2017.02.048},
editor = {Essam Shehab, Tetsuo Tomiyama, Helen Lockett, Konstantinos Salonitis, Rajkumar Roy, Ashutosh Tiwari},
faupublication = {yes},
keywords = {Tolerance Analysis; Systems in motion; Hybrid Tolerance Representation},
pages = {50-55},
peerreviewed = {Yes},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
title = {{Hybrid} {Tolerance} {Representation} of {Systems} in {Motion}},
venue = {Cranefield},
year = {2017}
}
@article{faucris.249327583,
abstract = {Part tolerances and fixture layouts are two pivotal factors in the geometrical quality of a compliant assembly. The independent design and optimization of these factors for compliant assemblies have been thoroughly studied. However, this paper presents the dependency of these factors and, consequently, the demand for an integrated design of them. A method is developed in order to address this issue by utilizing compliant variation simulation tools and evolutionary optimization algorithms. Thereby, integrated and non-integrated optimization of the tolerances and fixture layouts are conducted for an industrial sample case. The objective of this optimization is defined as minimizing the production cost while fulfilling the geometrical requirements. The results evidence the superiority of the integrated approach to the non-integrated in terms of the production cost and geometrical quality of the assemblies.
Increasing specialization of design, manufacturing, assembly, and inspection have fostered the need for sophisticated product documentation practices to allow the clear and unambiguous communication of product information between design and all downstream activities. This need has led to the development of various standards for the exchange of product geometry and related information and particularly to the emergence of STEP as a standard for the exchange of product model data.
Though STEP is widely used as an exchange format in design and related domains, other standards and file formats are frequently used for transferring product geometry information from design to downstream activities today, such as the STL (Standard Tesselation Language) format, which uses a discrete geometry representation scheme for describing part geometry by an unstructured triangulated surface.
However, there exists a gap between STEP, which offers great benefits regarding the documentation of nominal product geometry and product manufacturing information, and the STL format, which offers a discrete geometry representation by triangles. With the aim to close this gap, this paper presents a novel method that allows an automatic mapping of PMI (Product and Manufacturing Information) and GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) information assigned on the CAD model from STEP files on discrete geometries. The method comprises the interpretation of ISO STEP AP 242 files as well as a novel feature recognition approach. The combined data model, that represents the geometry in tessellated format and includes the GD&T information assigned on the triangulated features, may then serve as an interface model between design, simulation, manufacturing, and inspection and thus contributes to the consistency of product documentation throughout the digital thread in the product life-cycle. The applicability of the method is highlighted using a case study of a car brake system of industrial complexity. In addition, its benefits are underlined by the exemplary application of the method in the context of injection molding simulation and tolerance analysis.
}, author = {Hallmann, Martin and Götz, Stefan and Schleich, Benjamin}, doi = {10.1016/j.cad.2019.06.006}, faupublication = {yes}, journal = {Computer-Aided Design}, keywords = {STEP; PMI; STL; GD&T; Feature recognition}, pages = {293-306}, peerreviewed = {Yes}, title = {{Mapping} of {GD}&{T} information and {PMI} between {3D} product models in the {STEP} and {STL} format}, url = {https://www.archiv.mfk.tf.fau.de/?file=pubmfk{\_}5d1f2f13249ea}, volume = {115}, year = {2019} } @inproceedings{faucris.225654946, abstract = {In the context of modern industrial manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing processes are gaining more and more importance. Thus, the required quantity of material as well as the production time, which is mainly influenced by the build time required for the layerwise manufacturing process, are decisive for a successful industrial application. At component level, various approaches for minimizing the build time and the quantity of material are discussed in literature and are yet implemented in commercial software tools for preprocessing, the so-called slicing software. However, there is a lack of suitable methods for expediting the manufacturing process of non-assembly mechanisms. Although the positions and orientations of the individual, mutually movable linkages of a mechanism, which are defined in the CAD model, have a significant influence on the resulting build time and quantity of support material, the optimization potential has remained untapped so far.
Motivated by this shortcoming, the paper introduces a method for achieving minimum build time and support material quantity using a meta-heuristic optimization technique. By integrating a suitable slicing software in the optimization process, the analysis of build time and support material quantity is based on the machine code, which is adapted to the applied machine and its various settings of the process parameters. The novelty of the contribution can be found in the optimization of build time and support material quantity for the additive manufacturing of non-assembly mechanisms by determining an optimal positioning of the individual movable links for the manufacturing process. A parallel 3RRR mechanism serves as a case study to show the benefits and the applicablity of the proposed method.
To close the current research gaps, the individual methods involved, in particular the sampling, non-conformance rate estimation and surrogate model-based optimization, are (further) developed and harmonized in one common approach, ensuring that reliable optimization results can be obtained in adequate computing times. Its extension to simultaneous machine selection and allocation with different batch sizes and selective assembly, considering machine-specific part tolerance distributions and geometrical, mutually dependent tolerances, significantly expands the context of use to practical aspects. A final evaluation of the developed framework proves its potential for a profitable application to practical problems and serves to identify further research potentials.